The Input Hypothesis: Issues and Implications

accuracy adult affective filter Bialystok bilingual education bilingual programmes caretaker speech cent Chapter child Chomsky classroom communication competence comprehensible input conscious knowledge conscious learning course Cummins dichotic listening discussion effective English input ESL students evidence example exposure first-language focus on form fossilization French Gleitman grade grammar study immersion programmes immersion students Input Hypothesis instruction interface position intermediate Krashen and Terrell language acquisition device language class language learning language teaching late immersion limited English proficient linguistic Monitor morpheme native speakers Natural Approach output filter Output Hypothesis partial mainstream performance predicts prehensible input production Psycholinguistics reading reported result rule knowledge second-language acquirers second-language acquisition sheltered classes sheltered subject-matter teaching silent period situations speaking stage three subject matter Suggestopedia suggests Superlearning sustained silent reading target language teachers TESOL theory of second-language tion topics Total Physical Response utterances vocabulary