gum river runs through the south-eastern part; the other streams are Wills' creek, and Whitewoman's river. Sor face generally uneven. It deservedly ranks among the best counties of the state. The bottoms of Whitewoman's and Tuscarawas are wide and highly productive. The úplands are generally heavy timbered; oak in places, with rich poplar and black walnut lands interspersed. It abounds with freestone, coal, and limestone.

Coshocton, the seat of justice, is situated near the forks of the Muskingum, forty miles north of Zanesville, and contains about thirty houses and four stores.

RICHLAND COUNTY has Knox south, Wayne east, Huron and Medina north, and Indian lands west. It is watered by the head branches of the Huron, East fork of the Sandusky, Clear fork, a branch of the Muskingum, Muddy creek, &c. Its name represents the quality of its soil, which will rank with any county in the state in point of fertility. It is new, and contains large bodies of rich unsettled lands.

Mansfield and Green are the largest villages; they are new but thriving.

TUSCARAWAS COUNTY has Guernsey south, Harrison east, Wayne and Stark north, and Coshocton west. It is watered by the Tuscarawas, Stillwater, Conoten, Sugar, and Sandy creeks.

New-Philadelphia, the seat of justice for Tuscarawas county, is situated on the eastern branch of Muskin. gum river, on a large, level, and beautiful plain, opposite the mouth of Sugar creek. It contains the county buildings, five stores, and forty-seven dwelling-houses. It is fifty miles north-east from Zanesville, and 100 north-eastwardly from Columbus. Lat. 40° 32′ N. lon. 4° 30′ W.

WAYNE COUNTY is bounded south by Coshocton, east by Stark, north by Medina and part of Portage, and west by Richland. It was organised in the year 1808, and is thirty miles long by twenty-nine broad, containing 870 square miles. It is divided into twelve townships. The principal streams are Killbuck, running nearly a south course, and navigable up to Wooster, for boats of from ten to fourteen tons; Apple creek, a tributary of Killbuck, a very good stream for mills; Sugar creek, near the southeast corner of the county, is likewise a good stream for mills; Chippeway, in the north-east, and Mohiccan, John creek, in the west side of the county, which is a very considerable stream in its different ramifications in this county, and in Richland. The Lake fork, and Jerom's fork, are navigable for boats of ten or twelve tons, eighteen

miles above the south boundary of the county. The soil is generally excellent. The creek bottoms are extensive and very fertile, producing immense crops of corn, when properly cultivated. The upland is very productive in The timber on the wheat, rye, oats, corn, flax, &c.

upland is very tall, and generally composed of white and black oak, walnut, cherry, hickory, and some few chesnuts: the prevailing timber on the bottoms and low lands is ash, elm, sycamore, sugar maple and soft maple, together with some beech, interspersed with a variety of wild plums, crab apples, grape vines, buckeye, hazle, &c. The prices of land vary according to situation and natural and artificial advantages, being from three to fifty dollars an acre. The principal towns in this county are Wooster, Paintville, and Jeromesville.

Wooster, the seat of justice for the county, commenced building in 1811, and now contains sixty dwelling-houses, together with seven stores, four taverns, and a large and excellent banking-house, for the German Bank of Wooster, a public land-office, for the sale of the United States' lands, a public school-house, and a meeting-house for the baptist society. Many of the buildings being built of brick, are large and elegant. The road from Pittsburgh to Mansfield and Upper Sandusky, and likewise that from Erie to Columbus passes through this place. The road from Zanesville to Granger and Cleveland, passes through this town, as likewise might be added the road from the termination of the great Cumberland road north-westerly to Lower Sandusky, and thence to Perrysville, at the head of ship navigation, on the Miami-of-the-lake, and onward to Detroit. The population consists chiefly of emigrants from Pennsylvania. There are, however, some from the state of New York, and the eastern states. population amounts to about 6,500. Its surplus produce is consumed by the numerous emigrants, who are crowding into the county. Ultimately its commerce will find its way to the shores of lake Erie, distant only forty-six miles.

The

Artificial mounds of considerable size are found in this county. A brick was found in 1816, in digging a cellar in Wooster, under the stump of a large oak tree, and about four feet below the surface of the earth, It was of the size and appearance of a common brick. There were two others found in that cellar, that were less perfect in shape and consistence.

STARK COUNTY has Harrison and Tuscarawas south, Columbiana east, Portage north, and Wayne west. The

Tuscarawas branch of the Muskingum river runs from north to south entirely through the county, on the western side, and is navigable as high up as the county extends, for keel-boats of any burden. Big Sandy, a large creek, falls into the Tuscarawas, near the southern boundary of the county. Nimishillen is a large creek which falls into Big Sandy on the north side, about four miles from its confluence with the Tuscarawas, and is one of the best mill streams in the state, with a sufficiency of water at all times of the year to drive water works of any description, Adjoining this creek, and about four miles from Canton, are immense banks of iron ore of a superior quality. The building of a furnace is now in contemplation. There are in the neighbourhood of Canton, a number of excellent bridges; the first of importance is a toll bridge over the Tuscarawas river, about eight miles west of Canton, and one mile from Kendal, on the road from Canton to Wooster. It is 612 feet in length, erected on stone piers, about twenty feet in height. The next in importance is over Nimishillen creek, one mile east of Canton, 650 feet in length, built on wooden piles; besides a number of others of less importance over the several branches of the Nimishillen creek. The first settlement in this county commenced in the spring of 1806, since which time the emigration has equalled, if not surpassed, any thing ever witnessed in any part of the state. Agreeably to a census taken in 1815, the population amounted to 7,950; the present population amounts to about 12,960.

Canton, the seat of justice, is handsomely situated on an elevated plain, on the forks of Nimishillen creek. It is about eleven miles south of the northern boundary of the county, and is distant from Steubenville fifty miles northwest; from Pittsburgh ninety-five west; from Columbus 120 miles north-east. In the town of Canton there are about eighty dwelling-houses, and upwards of 500 inhabitants. Also, nine mercantile stores, (besides six in other -parts of the county) one cut nail factory, one wool carding machine, an oil mili, a fulling mill, four tanneries, and four taverns, besides boot and shoemakers, tailors, saddlers, cabinet-makers, carpenters, &c. About seven miles west of Canton, and adjoining the beautiful village of Kendal, a woollen manufactory is established, which is manufacturing cloth of a superb quality.

GUERNSEY COUNTY has parts of Washington and Monroe south, Bellment and part of Harrison east, Tuscarawas north, and Muskingum west; watered almost exclusively by Wills' creek and its branches. Surface, broken; soil,

generally second quality. It is divided into nine townships. The bottoms of Wills' creek are fertile and well cultivated. The culture of foreign grapes has been introduced into this county.

Cambridge, the chief town and seat of justice, is situated on the right bank of Wills' creek, at the intersection of the road leading from Zanesville to Wheeling. It has about sixty houses, three taverns, four stores, and a postoffice. Will's creek has good mill seats, a little above this town. A toll bridge 175 yards long has been built across Wills' creek, at this place.

MONROE COUNTY has Washington south, the Ohio river east, Belmont north, and Guernsey west. It is watered by branches of Duck, Pawpaw, Little Muskingum, Sunfish, and Capteena creeks, all running into the Ohio. In surface, soil, timber, and productions, it closely resembles Belmont and Guernsey. Coal mines and iron ore have been discovered on Sunfish creek.

Woodfield, a new town, is the county seat. It is situ ated on high ground, in Centre township, in a central part of the county, fourteen miles from the Ohio river, and thirty-five north-west of Marietta.

BELMONT COUNTY has Monroe south, the Ohio river east, Harrison north, and Guernsey west. It is watered by Indian Wheeling, M.Mahon's, and Capteena creeks. It is hilly and broken, excepting the bottoms of the Ohio. Timber, oak, hickory, sugar maple, &c.

St. Clairsville, the seat of justice for the above county, is situated on an elevated hill, seventy miles eastwardly from Zanesville, and eleven west of Wheeling. The surrounding country is broken, but remarkably healthy. This town contains upwards of 150 houses, court-house, jail, three houses for public worship, viz. Friends, methodists, and presbyterians; a market, two printing-offices, fifteen stores, a bank, and about 750 inhabitants.

HARRISON COUNTY has Belmont south, Jefferson east, parts of Columbia and Stark north, and Tuscarawas west. It is watered by Stillwater and other branches of the Tuscarawas, and by creeks and brooks running into the Ohio. Its surface waving, and in most parts hilly. Timber, oak, chesnut, hickory, with some sugar maple, cherry, and black walnut. This county is settled chiefly by emigrants from Pennsylvania. It abounds with coal mines, freestone, limestone, and a fine white, tenacious clay, fit for manufacturing purposes.

JEFFERSON COUNTY has a part of Belmont south, Ohio river east, Columbiana north, and Harrison west. It is

watered by Indian-Short, Indian, Wills', and Yellow creeks, all running into the Ohio. The surface of this county is broken; but the soil is of an excellent quality, and capa ble of producing wheat, corn, rye, oats, and flax. It is one of the oldest settled counties in the state. The principal towns are Steubenville and Mount-Pleasant.

Steubenville, is delightfully situated on the first and second banks of the Ohio, seventy-two miles, by water, below Pittsburgh, and twenty above Wheeling. It is nearly as large as Pittsburgh, and promises to rival the first cities of the west; it contains about 400 houses, many of them elegant and costly. Its growth, for the last four years has been uncommonly rapid. It has about forty mercantile stores, six taverns, a post-office, bookstore, and printing-office, at which is publised the " Western Herald."

It has a fine woollen manufactory, the machinery of which is propelled by steam; steam paper-mill, producing paper of a superior quality; and in quantities more than sufficient to supply ten of the surrounding counties. A steam grist mill; stone cotton factory, brewery, distillery, soap and candle factory. It is not long since lots in this village, sixty by 180 feet, sold for one hundred dollars each; many of them now command from ten to 15,000 dollars each.

COLUMBIANA COUNTY has Jefferson and the Ohio river south, Pennsylvania east, Trumbull and a part of Portage north, and Stark west. It is watered by Little Beaver and branches of Big Beaver river. This county in surface, soil, extent, and population, has a strong resemblance to Jefferson. It is rich in agricultural products, mills, coal mines, iron ore, and valuable timber. It contains about forty grist and saw mills; several extensive manufactories of cotton and woollen, a furnace, and several forges.

Fairfield is the seat of justice. There are eight or ten other villages, nearly new.

NEW CONNECTICUT

Forms one of the districts of the state of Ohio, and is in length about 122 miles, its average breadth nearly forty-five, and its area about 5,349 square miles, or 3,423,360 acres. The claim of Connecticut to this district is founded upon the charter of the state, granted by king Charles II., which included a part of the state of New York, a portion of Pennsylvania, and thence aloug