There

Lexington. The site of this town is in a valley'; and the Town-fork creek waters the central parts of it. The main street, which is one mile and a quarter long, runs parallel with the creek on the north side. There are three other streets running parallel with the main street; these are intersected at short intervals by cross streets; all of which are wide and mostly paved. Near the centre of the town is the public square, lined on every side with substantial brick houses, stores, hotels, &c. In this square stands the market-house, which is of brick. The public buildings consist of several churches, belonging to methodists, presbyterians, baptists, seceders, episcopalians, and Roman catholics. The court-house is a three story brick building. The masonic hall, and the bank, are fine brick buildings. There is a public library, a university, called Transylvania, liberally endowed. The taverns and boarding-houses are neat and well furnished. are two bookstores, and three printing-offices, from which are issued as many weekly papers, viz. the "Reporter," and "Kentucky Gazette," both republican, and the "Monitor," federal, the only one of that political cast in the state. In Lexington there are several steam-engines, two of which are employed in grinding flour for exportation and the use of the town, one in the manufacture of cotton and paper, and one in that of wool. The two last are upon a very extensive scale, the largest of which is incorporated by the state, under the name of the "Lexington Manufacturing Company," who have an extensive influence, and are chiefly employed by government in making clothing for the army and navy, In the woollen manufactories the wool is carded, spun, and made into cloth; but the sales have been extremely dull laterly, owing to the vast influx of European goods, which are sold at a much lower rate than can be afforded by the American manufacturer, from the high wages he is obliged to pay his workmen. There is very little cotton

Laid out since last census.

grown in this state; nearly the whole of that manufac tured in Lexington is brought from Tennessee, New Orleans, or Georgia. It is carded and spun into yarn, and then sold to the country people to make clothing for their negroes. The raw material may be bought for 1s. 6d. per lb., and the yarn sold at 2s. 6d. to 3s. per doz. Carders, spinners, weavers, and every other person employed in this branch are well paid for their labour; receiv ing from one and a half to two dollars a day; which, in a country where all the necessaries of life are remarkably plentiful and cheap, must be considered very great wages. The manufactures are extensive and promise a continued growth of the town; the principal establishments are, twelve cotton, three woollen, three paper, and three gunpowder mills, one lead factory, four founderies for casting iron and brass, connected with silver plating, four nail factories, four hat ditto, four coach ditto, five tanners and curriers, twelve factories for cotton bagging and hempen yarn, six cabinet makers, four soap and candle factories, three tobacco ditto; besides several jewellers and silversmiths, saddlers, tailors, breweries, distilleries, cooperies, with others of inferior note; the total amount of capital employed in them all has been estimated at £427,225 sterling.

Land within the bounds of Lexington sells from 100 to 400 dollars an acre; at the distance of four or five miles from the town, where the country is for the most part cleared of timber; farms, with suitable buildings, may be purchased from twenty-five to thirty dollars an acre. Indeed this district is becoming so populous, and the woods disappearing with such rapidity, that fears have been entertained of an approaching scarcity of fuel; but while plenty of coal can be had on Kentucky river, at fifteen miles distant, there seems little cause for apprehension on that head. The cattle, horses, and sheep are very A first rate yoke of cattle can be purchased for £11 58.; and a horse worth £23 in New York, could be bought for £16. Provisions are cheap and abundant; and mechanics' wages are high. Board 11s. 3d. a week. Most of the mechanics are in prosperous circumstances.

Louisville, the chief town of Jefferson county, stands on an inclined plain, about one quarter of a mile above the Falls of Ohio. The three principal streets run parallel with the river. It has many public buildings, several rope-walks, and manufactories, two printing-offices, &c. It is 700 miles, by the windings of the Ohio, below Pittsburgh, forty west of Frankfort, and 481 above the mouth

of the Ohio. Beargrass creek enters the river at the upper end of the town and affords a good harbour for boats. The buildings extend from the mouth of Beargrass down the Ohio to opposite the lower end of Corn island, a distance of one mile; boats can lie with perfect safety at any point of the shore, from the mouth of the creek to the middle of the island, the river being deep, with little or no current in the bend of the river abreast the town. The eminence on which the town stands is seventy feet in height, and gently descends to a narrow plain along the bank of the river; it is along this plain that the contemplated canal, on the Kentucky side of the rapids, is proposed to be cut. The price of boating goods from New Orleans to Louisville, (distance 1,491 miles,) is from 188. to 22s. 6d. per cwt. The freight to New Orleans from hence is 38. 4 d. to 4s. 6d. per cwt. The average period of time which boats take to go to New Orleans is about twenty-eight days, that from New Orleans, ninety days. Steam vessels effect the same route in an average of twelve days down, and thirty-six days up; the mail between those towns is now carried by steam-boats. Louisville will, in all probability, soon exceed Lexington in size and population; in the spring of 1819 it contained upwards of 5,000 inhabitants. In this flourishing town, mechanics are in great demand, and are paid from 40s. 6d. to 54s. a week. Wearing apparel sells high; shoes from 158. to 188. a pair; best hats, from 36s. to 45s. each; and every article of clothing in proportion. Jefferson county is one of the most populous counties in the state, of a rich soil and watered by creeks running into the Ohio and Salt rivers.

Frankfort, the metropolis of the state, and chief town. of Franklin county, stands on the east bank of Kentucky river, sixty miles above its entrance into the Ohio. The river, which is here about 100 yards wide, with bold limestone banks, forms a handsome curve, and waters the southern and western parts of the town. The bottoms on both sides of the river are very broad, but subject to inundation. The town is but little inferior to Lexington in the size and number of its houses; but is neither so pleasant, nor so rich in its surrounding scenery. The public buildings are, the state-bouse, built of rough marble, two churches, court-house, jail, market-house, and penitentiary, &c. the latter covers an acre; the walls are of stone. The labour of the convicts, and articles manufactured, after paying for the raw materials, considerably exceed in value the annual appropriations of the state. There are several valuable rope-walks, two cotton-bagging manu

factories, powder-mills, grist and saw-mill, tobacco warehouse, two book-stores, and three printing-offices, in which are printed the "Palladium," the "Argus," and the "Pulse." This town is twenty-four miles north-west of Lexington. The public inns are commodious, and conducted in the best manner. Mechanics can get from one to two dollars a day, and boarding is very cheap.

Paris, the capital of Bourbon county, is situated upon a handsome ridge on the right bank of Stoner fork of Licking, at the mouth of Houston creek. There are two merchant flowering mills, and several carding machines, two churches, and a printing-office, besides a number of well finished stores, mechanic shops, &c. The greater

part of the buildings are of brick, and as large as any in the state. It is twenty miles east of Lexington, and sixty. five south-south-east of Newport. The surrounding coun try is rich and delightful.

Georgetown, the capital of Scott county, is situated on Royal spring, which empties its waters into North Elkhorn, nearly a mile from the town. It has several manufac turing establishments, a court-house,baptist meeting-house, printing-office, post-office, and a rope-walk. It is fourteen miles north of Lexington, and on the head of a flourishing settlement.

Harrodsburgh, a post-town of Mercer county, is plea santly situated on both sides of Salt river, which is here a handsome rivulet of good water, and affording a liberal supply for several mills. This town contains a meeting. house, and post-office; many of the houses are of good size and appearance; it is ten miles north by west of Danville.

Danville, the capital of Mercer county, is situated on the south-west side of Dicks river, forty miles south by west of Frankfort, and forty-one south-south-west of Lexington. It has 200 houses, a court-house, jail, presby terian church, post-office, and a printing-office, in which is published a newspaper called the "Light House." The surrounding country is rich and closely settled. There are several mills, factories, and an extensive rope-walk.

Stanford, the chief town of Lincoln county, is situ ated on a fertile and handsome plain, ten miles from Dan ville; it has about 100 houses, a stone court-house and jail, post-office, and a rope-walk.

Summerset, the seat of justice for Pulaski county; it stands on the side of a hill in a rich undulating country, twelve miles from Stanford. It contains about seventy houses, brick, framed, and hewn logs; it has a post-office,

three taverns, six stores, three blacksmith's shops, and a grist-mill.

Monticello, the chief town of Wayne county, stands on a dry ridge, about half way between Cumberland river and the Tennessee boundary line. It has about fifty inelegant hewn log dwelling-houses, a rude court-house, and a place for public worship, three taverns, four stores, three blacksmith shops. The country for several miles to the south, is broken, and abounds with streams and saltpetre caves. The waters are remarkably pure and wholesome. A lead mine has been discovered in the mountains about twelve miles south of Monticello. Wayne county is the most healthy part of the state. Diseases and physicians are almost unknown to the inhabitants; but as a drawback on this blessing, they frequently experience the most tremendous thunder storms.

Versailles, the seat of justice for Woodford county, is situated on a creek running into the Kentucky river. It is handsomely laid out, and contains a court-house, and about 100 houses, mostly large, of brick and stone. It is thirteen miles from Lexington. The price of land in the neighbourhood of the town, is from £2 10s, to £5 an acre. Provisions of every kind are cheap.

Shelbyville, the principal town of Shelby county, stands on Brashan's creek, twelve miles above its junction with Salt river. It has a court-house, meeting-house, post-office, and a printing-office; and is twenty miles south-west of Frankfort

Cynthiana, the seat of justice for Harrison county, is a flourishing town, and stands on the north-east bank of the South fork of Licking, twenty miles on a straight line above its junction with Main Licking. It contains about 100 houses; and has a brick court-house, market-house, stone jail, and an academy endowed by the legislature with 6,000 acres of land. There are ten grist and sawmills within three miles of the town. The town is situated on a large and handsome bottom, in a healthful, rich settlement; and is thirty-six miles north-east of Frankfort, and twenty-six north by east from Lexington. The road from Frankfort to Augusta passes through Cynthiana.

Augusta, the seat of justice for Bracken county, stands on the bank of the Ohio, on a spacious pleasant bottom, twenty-two miles below Maysville. It has about seventyfive houses, a court-house, and meeting-house.

Newport, the seat of justice for Campbell county, is situated immediately above the mouth of Licking, and directly opposite Cincinnati. The town is healthy and