Pontoise, has a branch to Senlis and Chantilly. Population, 5,000. Hotel.-Du Chemin de Fer. [Senlis, 4 miles from Chantilly (as below) by rail. is a sous-préfecture with 6,090 population, in department Oise, on a hill-side among the forests of Halatte, Chantilly, &c., where the Aunette and Nonette join. It was the capital of the Silvanectes, in Cæsar's time, and has traces of Roman-built walls, with several old gates, as the Porte de Meaux, Porte de Bellon, Porte de Compèigne, &c., besides St. Louis's ruined Castle. Philippe Auguste was married here, 1180, to Elizabeth of Hainault; and it stood seven or eight fierce assaults of the Leaguers, 1588. The old cathedral Church, rebuilt by Louis XII., on the sight of Charlemagne's, has a plain front, with a corner spire on a pinnacled tower, 225 feet high; also two good north and south porches, built by Francis I. There are, besides, the church and abbey of St. Vincent; a hospice, now the Hôtel de Ville, a public library. Trade in wool, cotton, lace, grain, wine, chicory, and stone. Noted for Gingerbread. Hotel.-Du Grand Cerf.]

At 1 mile from Senlis is the old abbey of St. Victoire, a favourite resort of Louis XI. The crossbowmen of this place were noted in the 16th century.

St. Leu-d'Esserent (44 miles), in department Oise, on a hill side, with a Transition church. It has important lime quarries, and lace is made. [Chantilly (6 miles from Creil by rail, 25 miles from Paris), in a beautiful spot, in the Forest of that name, has remains of a Château of the Montmorencies, and of the great Condé, who was visited by Louis XIV., when Vatel, his cook, killed himself because the fish had not come; and which, as enlarged by his family, was pulled down at the Revolution. The remains, include a hunting-seat on the lake, a chapel, splendid Stables, 620 feet long, for 180 horses (built 1719-35), and the English garden and grounds, in the midst of the Forest. Its owner, the Duke d'Aumale has restored the Château, at a great cost. Here is a Hospital built and richly endowed by the last Prince of Condé; and the Church has remains of the family. Twelve roads meet at the centre of the Forest,

called the Round Table, where the "Derby" and "St. Leger" are run for, at the annual Races of the French Jockey Club, in May and October. Hunting parties are got up here. On Lake Commelle, is a Lodge, built, they say, by St. Louis's mother, Blanche of Castile, and lately restored. English Church service here. Blonde lace and articles in wood are made. Hotels.-Du Cerf; du Cygne; des Bains; Population, 2,930.]

Precy (2 miles) is the next station. [MORTEFONTAINE (11 miles south-east), has a Château, built 1770, which belonged to Joseph Bonaparte when the French treaty with America was signed here, 1800. The preliminaries of the Peace of Amiens were adjusted in the Vallière Pavilion, in the park (on the site of a castle of the 11th century), where they used to show the boat in which Sir Sidney Smith was captured at Havre, 1796. This picturesque mixture of woods, hills, rocks, lakes, canals, falls, &c., is thought to look quite English. Traces of a Roman camp are seen at Butte-Mahet.]

Boran (2 miles), and its suspension bridge. Beaumont-sur-Oise (44 miles), on a rock at the bridge over the river, has a tower of its old feudal castle, which commanded the pass here. Conveyances to Viarmes (near Royaumont old abbey, in Chantilly forest); and Noailles (near Pierreaux-Fées druid stones). Branch rail, 10 miles long. opened 1875, viâ Chambly, &c., to Meru, (towards Beauvais).

[At 7 miles east is LUZARCHES, on a hill-side, with remains of a Château on the site of a palace which Charlemagne gave to St. Denis Abbey. The Collegiate Church, of the 13th cendedicated to St. Côme, the patron tury, was of surgeons.]

Ile-Adam (44 miles), so called from an island in the river, on which stood a château, built 1200, by the seigneurs, one of whom was the famous Grand Master of the Knights of St. John, Philippe de l'IleAdam, who held out so long at the siege of Rhodes, 1522, against 200,000 Turks. Its château afterwards came to the family of Condé.

Auvers (4 miles), on the Oise, has an old conspicuous church.

Pontoise (24 miles), a sous-préfecture of 6,480 persons, in department Seine-et-Oise, on a rock, over the Oise (where the Vionne joins), here crossed by a bridge or pont, which gave it its present name; correspon ing with the ancient one, Briva-Isaræ. It was held by the Normans, and by Talbot, 1419-41, who took it by a ruse de guerre, viz., dressing his men in white when snow was on the ground. St. Maclou's church is ancient, and has an alarm bell, with an inscription on it. There are also a large Hospital, Palaise de Justice, and a library of 8,000 volumes, besides remains of its old walls and a castle. Trade in corn, flour, and calves. General Leclerc was a native; as was Flamel, an alchemist and illuminator of the 14th century.

Hotels.-Du Grand Cerf; des Messageries. Rail to Gisors, Chaumont, Gournay, and Vernon (see Route 8.)

[Chaumont-Oise (32 miles north-west), on a hill, topped by the Gothic church, whence there is a wide prospect. The houses are of good brick. Blonde lace, leather, &c., are made; and there are large fairs for cattle and horses.] At Pontoise the line turns round to the southeast to

Herblay (5 miles), which lies to the west, by the Seine.

Franconville (1 mile), in a very attractive part of the valley of Montmorency.

Coach to St. Leu-Taverney (2 miles north), where Mad. de Genlis had a seat in which the last Duke of Bourbon hung himself, 1830. After Mad. de Genlis, it became the seat of Queen Hortense (Duchess of St. Leu), mother of Napoléon III. who, out of love to her memory, began, in 1851, a handsome new church, on the site of the old Gothic building. Here rest his father, Louis, King of Holland; his grandfather, Carlo Bonaparte; and other members of the family.

Ermont (1 mile), in the neighbourhood of Sannois, Montlignon, Domont; Andilly, a fine spot in Montmorency forest; St. Prix; and Eaubonne, in a pretty valley of the forest, near an oak planted by Franklin, who lived here, as did St. Lambert, and Rousseau. At Ermont there is a line of 10 miles to Valmondois in connection with the ParisCreil line, via Persan-Beaumont.

Enghien-les-Bains (2 miles), on lake St.

Gratien, is noted for its sulphur springs, used between June and September; and has a large bathinghouse, ball-room, &c. It is a favourite excursion for the Parisians, as it combines the amusements of boating, donkey-racing, rambling in the forest, and eating the delicious cherries off the tree in the season. Trains come up almost hourly. The springs were discovered in 1766, and are about 60° temp.; the neighbourhood is very pleasant. Hotel. - Des Quatre Pavillons.

[Montmorency (2 miles north), by the direct rail from Paris, a pretty place on a hill, founded 1008, by Burchard the Bearded, a robber chieftain of this part. It gave name to a noble house, the premier Christian Barons, as they used to be called; and came to the family of Condé with the title of Duke, to which Louis XIV. added that of Enghein, after the above place.

The large Gothic church of the 14th century has some good stained glass. One walk through the chestnut Forest leads to Ecouen, past Mont Louis, and the Hermitage where Rousseau, wrote his Emile, &c. Grètry, the composer, died in it.]

Epinay, or Epinay-sur-Seine (2 miles), a station on the Seine, has many country-houses, with that of Brêche, which Gabrielle d'Estrées, Henry IV.'s mistress, lived in. Fourcroy, Lacépéde, Marquis Somariva, &c., resided here; and Mad. Houdetot, at Ormesson. A connection with Montsoult is open.

[ARN to the north-east, on the Crould, has an old unfinished château, of the last century, built by Garde-des-Sceaux (lord keeper) Machault. A little further on is Gonesse, the birth-place of Philippe Auguste, 1166, and for a long time famous for its bread. At 5 miles north is Ecouen château, on a hill, built in the Renaissance style, with high roof, pilasters, &c. Latterly it belonged to the prince of Condé.] St. Denis (1 mile), a sous-préfecture of department Seine, with a population of 34,910, on two little branches of the Seine, and on the canal joining the river to Canal de l'Ourcq, is the old burialplace of the French kings, who were interred in the Abbey Church of the Benedictines, founded 613, by Dagobert. Length, 890 feet; breadth, 100; and

ENGLISH LIBRARY AND READING ROOMS.Merridew's, 60, Rue de l'Écu, depôt for the sale of Bradshaw's Guides and Hand-Books.

Post Office and Telegraph Office, 12, Rue du Pot d'Etain.

English Consul.-W. Stigand, Esq., top of Rue des Vieillards; office open from 10 to 2.

Nearly 130,000 persons go to and from England, yearly.

Landing baggage and taking to rail, up to 24lbs., 60c.; above, 1fr. Passing it through the Customs 50c. each.

The distance between London and Paris by this route is 70 miles shorter than by way of Calais (with 29 miles of sea), the company's boats being as regular as those of the government, and the conveniences for landing, &c., equally good. A lowwater landing stage is completed; and the rail brought to the quay, in Capècure suburb, where passengers land and proceed direct to Paris. Passengers by through trains (in 7 hours) are now not examined till their arrival at the London or Paris terminus. Those going on to Marseilles should declare to that effect, to save delay at Paris. Paris time, 9 minutes before London.

There are three English Churches: a Wesleyan Chapel, Scotch Services, and a French Protestant chapel. Races in August. (See Bradshaw's Continental Railway Guide.)

Population, 40,080.

OBJECTS OF NOTICE.-Château, Hôtel de Ville, Museum, Napoléon Column, Fishermen's Chapel.

Boulogne, styled sur-Mer, to distinguish it from the Boulogne near Paris, is a sous-préfecture (department Pas-de-Calais), port, military post of the second class, and packet station, on the Channel, 112 miles from London. In spite of some thousand of his countrymen who live here, an Englishman feels himself at once in a foreign country on landing, and his first walk up Rue de l'Ecu, is like a scene in a play. The entrance to the harbour lies between two wooden piers or jetties, at the mouth of the Liane, 2,200 feet and 1,640 feet long, which lead up to the Port and Floating Basin; the Port being in the channel of the river. The Basin was

made by Nap. I., 1804, to hold his flat-bottomed transports for conveying his troops to England. Above it are three bridges, beyond which the Liane expands into something like a lake. A deep-sea Harbour of 400 acres, begun 1878, at Châtillon, wili extend 1 mile out, between two Breakwaters; and will have a packet Quay in the middle. Near the Fish Market and Baths is a statue of Jenner; with another of Sauvage, who is claimed by the French as the inventor of the screw for steamers.

Boulogne was called Gesoriacum Bononia by the Romans, after Bononia (now Bologna) in Italy, where its founder was born. They used it as a military port, and built a lighthouse here (the Tour d'Odre), which was carried away by the sea, 1644, except some traces near the Baths. Attila attacked it, as did the Northmen, in the 9th century; and Henry VIII. took it, 1544-one of his knights (buried at Hardres, in Kent), carrying off its gates, with a famous image of the Virgin from Notre Dame, which was afterwards returned, but destroyed with the cathedral at the Revolution. Hence the old signs of Bull and Gate (Boulogne Gate) and Bull and Mouth, in London. Edward VI. gave it up to the French six years later. Napoléon intended to invade England from here, but never ventured out of port. Bois de Boulogne at Paris takes name from a branch religious house at this seaside place.

Boulogne is divided into Haute and Basse Ville (Upper and Lower town); the former, on the hills, being the oldest. Here are the Château, formerly Vauban's Citadel, now turned into barracks; and the old walls now forming a pleasant promenade, from which you may catch a glimpse of Dover. Louis Napoléon was, at first, confined in the Château after his unsuccessful attempt of 1840, when, with a tame eagle on his fist, he landed here almost alone, from one of the General Steam Navigation Company's boats. The best and newest houses are at Tintelleries, on the north, where most of the English residents live. Of the gates only three are left, the principal one being called Porte des Dunes after the dunes or sand hills which line the shore towards Calais. On the Esplanade, near it, is a statue of Henri II., by David. Water is supplied by 17 fountains and a reservoir; the lamps are now lit with gas. Longuety's large

Among the chief buildings are, Notre Dame Church, a Grecian pile, with a cupola built 1827, on the site of the cathedral; chiefly by Abbé Haffreingue. It has two towers, a dome (with a fine The bishop's view), and a rich shrine and altar.

palace is now a school. In this part also is the Hôtel de Ville, with an old Beffroi or belfry tower, near it, 140 feet high, on the site of a castle of the ancient Counts of Boulogne, or Bouillon, the last of whom was Charles the Bold.

The Museum, in Grande Rue, has a collection of arms, coins, Roman, and other antiquities, natural objects, &c., and is open three days a-week. Among the coins, notice a medal (now exceedingly rare) struck by Napoléon, bearing the vain-glorious inscription, ("hooknosed Cæsar's thrasonical boast") 'Frappée à Londres, 1804,' but really struck at Paris. The Public Library (bibliothèque) attached to this contains 22,000 volumes and 300 MSS., some being illuminated.

There are also a Palais de Justice; hospitals; barracks; a college and many French and English schools; a house in Rue de Château, replacing one in which Le Sage (the author of Gil Blas) died; and a Theatre in Rue Monsigny, on the site of the Cordeliers' convent. Campbell, the poet, died in Rue St. Jean. The handsome new Baths (Establissement des Bains) have dancing, music, billiard, and reading-rooms attached; and an aquarium. The Humane Society was founded by an Englishman. Dickens in 1853 occupied Villa des Moulineux, in Haute Ville. At the Cemetery on the St. Omer road, Sir Harris Nicholas, Basil Montagu, and Sir W. Ouseley are buried.

The Napoléon Column, one mile out of the town, was begun 1804, by the Grande Armée, and finished by Louis XVIII.; a statue of Napoléon was put up, 1841. It is 180 feet high, 13 feet diameter, with a staircase within, and commands a fine prospect. Beyond this is a Chapel containing ex voto offerings of the fishermen, who form a distinct class here, as clsewhere, and own above 250 boats.

In the neighbourhood are Mont Lambert, Mont Outreau, Mont St. Étienne, and other points of view; remains of a Roman road to Wissant, the ancient Portus Itius; the gardens at Denacre, and

cherie; Portel; the botanic gardens of Mont Pelé; the quarries of Marquise and Ferques. A good mineral spring on the Wimille road. The Rothschild Convalescent Hospital is on the coast.

Leaving Boulogne, you ascend the Liane, to Pont de Brique (4 miles). Beyond this is Clocheville, where Napoléon once lodged. Next comes Hesdigneul, where the branch line to St. Omer (page 3) turns up the Liane; past Samer, (population 2,000,) a picturesque spot, where several English families live, among remains of an old Abbey.

Neufchâtel (43 miles); and

Etaples (8 miles), a decayed fishing port, on a sandy plain, at the Canche's mouth, which the Romans used; having some good old houses, and remains of a château, built 1160. Population, 2,850. The viaduct across the river is 984 feet long. The flat, marshy sea border of this part of Boulonnais was in old times appropriately called Marquenterre. Branch of 6 miles, to Beutin and Montreuil, as below, for St. Pol. [Montreuil-sur-Mer (5 miles east), a sous-préfecture of 3,950 souls, and fortified town of the second class, on a hill by the Canche, where Cæsar built a fort, called Vinacum. It was rebuilt 878, by Heltgaut or Hergot, along with the abbey church and castle, and called Monastoriolum, whence comes the modern name. A large Citadel, with a view of the river and flat sea-coast, replaces the castle, of which the gate towers are left; and S. Saulve's Abbey is now the Hôtel de Ville. The flamboyant church has a fine tall buttressed doorway. The peaches are celebrated. Rail continued to St. Pol (page 7), 30 miles.]

Verton (7 miles). Coach to Berck-sur-Mer (4 miles), a healthy liftle bathing place on the coast (firm, smooth sands, and Hotels); and to Hesdin, beyond which lies Agincourt.

Rue (10 miles), in department de la Somme, is reached after crossing the Authie, and has the Church of St. Esprit, with a front richly sculptured, besides its carved pillars, roof, &c. It is still a place of pilgrimage, and stands on a little stream which runs up to the field of Crécy, a few miles east; and Monties forest, where Charles, son of Francis I., died of the plague, 1545.