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the threadbare subject of Canada misrule, or to comment on proceedings which may be summed up in the single sentence-a Gosford was sent to tranquillize and a Durham to secure. But much, very much remains for consideration, even when this black history is neglected. It is to this matter we now proceed, premising only that we shall attempt to show that Lord Glenelg's Colonial proceedings have been of the same character, and therefore entitled to the same odium as the other measures of the present Government. A more bitter condemnation cannot be recorded than this. It will be seen that Popery has been favoured, Protestantism heavily discouraged, and democratic systems established; that folly in some places, and something worse elsewhere, have weakened the power of England in every foreign possession of the Crown.

When Sir William Molesworth, during last session, brought forward his motion against the Colonial Office, Sir George Grey, as under-secretary, undertook the defence, and conducted it in his usual confident and self-complacent manner. He did not attempt to answer much that was alleged, but contrived, by a multitude of sounding words, to bear down all opposition. "Attack Lord Glenelg ?" he exclaimed; "" nothing can be more unfair and more unjust. Consider how much good he has done; look at Newfoundland; why, he is so popular there that the House of Assembly have voted a sum of money to procure his portrait.' And so they had. The clap-trap told in the House of Commons; it was thought that, after all, his Lordship had some bright spots in his character, and had done some good in his official station.

But a

very few months passed before the whole truth was discovered; and never did truth more completely convict a statesman of miserable misjudgment, or of a more gross dereliction of public duty. We challenge the whole history of this country to produce a more flagrant case of misgovernment than Newfoundland presents.

We

ask no better evidence than we find there of the tendency of "liberal" opinions; we cannot find, even in the narratives of the French Revolution, more striking and disgraceful specimens of the tyranny of the many over the few. The facts are simply these,

and we ask our readers to mark, learn, and inwardly digest them. Newfoundland is a colony, with a population of 75,000 persons, half Protestant and half Roman Catholic ; but this population is a fluctuating one. For instance, Irish emigrants, who are going to the United States or to Canada, very frequently first cross over to Newfoundland, and after making a little money, by two or three seasons of fishing, proceed onward to their destination. Five or six years back, the Papists, finding themselves pretty strong in the colony, and well backed at home, petitioned for a "Parliament." The Whigs, urged by the pressure from without, conceded it; and on the terms of the petitioners, which were simply that all persons having resided one year in the colony should have the franchise ! there established a system as near as possible to universal suffrage. The consequences which any reasonable man could have predicted, of course, followed. The Popish priests agitated, excommunicated, and harangued, while the Protestants were disunited. The House of Assembly was, therefore, entirely Popish, and its fifteen members were prepared to obey the behests of their spiritual pastors. Charges were sent home against the Chief-Justice Boulton, and, after the Whig fashion, he was ordered home by Lord Glenelg to be tried by the Privy Council. He was acquitted, but dismissed. The order in Council is so true a specimen of the conduct of our present rulers, that we subjoin it. They

Thus at once was

"See the right, and yet the wrong pursue."

The Chief Justice is innocent, the charges are false; but he is unpopular, he has been excommunicated from the altar by the priests in the presence of Mrs Boulton, and, therefore, his doom is sealed by the O'Connell Cabinet, and he falls a victim to their cowardice and folly.

(COPY.)

"At the Court at Buckingham Palace, the 5th day of July, 1838; present-the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, Lord Chancellor, Lord President, Lord Steward, Earl of Albemarle, Earl of Minto, Viscount Palmerston, Viscount Howick,

Lord Holland, Lord Hill, Lord Glenelg, is a Roman Catholic. The whole Sir John Hobhouse, Bart., Mr Chancellor of the Exchequer.

“Whereas there was this day read at the Board a Report from the Right Honourable the Lords of a Committee of the Privy Council, dated this day, in the words following, viz. :—

"In reporting to your Majesty upon the memorial your Majesty has been pleased to refer to us from your Majesty's

:

Commons of Newfoundland in General Assembly convened, we think it right in the first place to state, that we have not found any thing to justify the tone adopted in the prayer of the memorial, that your Majesty would be pleased to purify the bench of justice in Newfoundland by the removal of the Chief-Justice, inasmuch as we have not found any ground for imputing to the Chief-Justice any corrupt motive, or intentional deviation from his duty as a judge and we feel it incumbent upon us to express disapprobation at the language and conduct adopted towards the Chief-Justice, as being unjust towards him personally, and inconsistent with the respect due to the high office he was filling. We regret, however, to be under the necessity of reporting, that we have found in some of the transactions brought under our consideration, so much of indiscretion in the conduct of the Chief-Justice, and that he has permitted himself to participate so much in the strong feelings which appear, unfortunately, to have influenced the different parties in the colony (although we do not find that his judicial decisions have been affected thereby), that we feel it our duty to state, that we think it will be inexpedient that he should be continued in the office of Chief-Justice of Newfoundland.'

"Her Majesty having taken the said report into consideration, was pleased, by and with the advice of her Privy Council, to approve thereof, and of what is therein recommended, and to order, as it is hereby ordered, that the Right Hon. Lord Glenelg, one of her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, do signify to ChiefJustice Boulton, her Majesty's pleasure thereon.

(Signed) "C. GREVILLE."

When this news reached Newfoundland how was it received? The Popish bishop ordered a Te Deum to be chanted, and the Popish priests cursed the Chief Justice from the chapel altar, in the presence of his lady, who

story, with the affecting address of Mrs Boulton, in vindication of her husband's honour, will be found in our extracts from the Newfoundland papers. We give the Te Deum order and the curse here:

"The Chief-Justice is now and has been for some months past in England for the purpose of answering the infamous charges

which the House of Assembly of Newfoundland had dared to prefer against him; but what has been the conduct of the priests, Sunday after Sunday, with respect to that individual who stands so high in the estimation of all the respectable inhabitants? In the presence of his amiable wife, who has regularly performed her devotions in the chapel, they have poured out the grossest abuse upon him, and last Sunday, when information had been received that the Chief-Justice would not again return to the colony, Father Troy observed at first mass.

66 6 I have a Te Deum after each of the masses, to return God thanks for the removal of Boulton; I hope ye will join in the prayer, for he was tried and condemned, and most shamefully condemned. Every other country has had its scourge from heaven-the cholera morbus, or some other pestilence-but we had worse than all; we had Boulton, the greatest of all pestilence. That is the reason we shall have the hymn of thanksgiving for the removal of the greatest of scourges. Now (observed Troy) let him go to the Canadas, that he helped to set in a blaze !'

"Father Walsh, at second mass, gave a lengthy discourse on the same subject, in language the most coarse and vulgar; and, as it would appear, delighted in doing so, as Mrs Boulton was present. He concluded his sermon' with the following pious and holy prayer :

66 6

May the curse of God and the congregation pursue and attend him (Judge Boulton) to his last moments!! May the vengeance of heaven fall on the devoted head of that wretch, who sent some before their Maker before their time, and who robbed you of your wages, and would rob you of your lives if he could!!'"

The plain meaning of this is clearly, that the accusers of the Chief-Justice are without excuse for their hostility to Mr Boulton, but, being as powerful in the province as they are prejudiced, their word must be law. The Bishop has only to say, " Sic volo, sic jubeo-stet pro ratione voluntas.'

*As a sequel to this most gross act of misgovernment on the part of Lord Glenelg and his colleagues, we append the following extract from the Record of September

It may be easily imagined that this success emboldened the Popish demagogues. Some time after a Mr Kieley, a member of the House of Assembly, used some expressions against the priests, and was at once sent to jail on a charge of breach of privilege. He applied for the benefit of the Habeas Corpus Act, and the Judge, Mr Lilley, having discovered the total informality of the Speaker's warrant, ordered the High Sheriff to release him. What, then, will our readers think was the course pursued by the liberal House of Assembly? They actually tore the Judge from the bench, and sent him also, and the High Sheriff to prison, on the same ridiculous charge as Mr Kieley had encountered! Of course, the Governor, who is a man of spirit, released them, and prorogued the House of Assembly; but we ask Lord Glenelg, if he thought proper, when it was too late, to abolish for a season the House of Assembly in Lower Canada, merely for refusing the supplies, will he have the courage now to show that he dares, in defiance of his Popish allies, to prove his disapprobation of the Newfoundland Whig-Radical Parliament? And we further ask all men to look on this little affair as an evidence of what liberalism means when put into practice, and professed by the ambitious supporters of the Romish superstition? But this is not all. Newfoundland is a favoured spot for Popery, and, accordingly, we find a Popish Bishop paid partly by the local Legislature, and partly by the English House of Commons; but Lord Glenelg neglects all Protestant petitions, and there is, consequently, no Protestant bishop, although the Protestants form not only half of the population, but also the most settled, industrious, intelligent, and wealthy portion of the community. The House of Assembly, following Lord Glenelg's example, leave the Protestants to the casual, the temporary, and insufficient supply of the Society for the Propagation of the

Gospel in foreign parts; but Popery, as we have said, has its bishop, and, we may add, no lack of minor teachers of bigotry and idolatry. Lord Glenelg calls himself a Liberal, and advocates general education; yet he proves his sincerity by leaving the people of Newfoundland without hornbook or schoolmaster, and therefore the British public are compelled to establish and support a Newfoundland school society. His Lordship is slumbering in the quiet enjoyment of place and pay, or if he awake, it is only to dismiss a Chief-Justice, to recall a Sir Francis Head, or to palliate the conduct of Mr Turton. The people of Newfoundland are left to the mercy of a tyrannical popular Assembly, based upon principles which the Whigs, with Lord Glenelg among the loudest, profess to deprecate in England. The administrators of justice are falsely accused, and are then beggared and dismissed because the Secretary for the Colonies cannot find sufficient spirit to punish the perjurers, and is not firm enough to resist their demands. The Protestant Church is left without help or aid; the petitions of the Protestant population are unheeded; and the Papists, flushed with triumph and encouraged by past success, are pampered with honours and public grants; while they are boasting of their Liberalism they are trampling on freedom; while they are talking of their notable Voluntary principle, they are screwing as much as possible from the weakness or liberality of the local Legislature and the home Govern

ment.

Such is the result of Whig misrule in Newfoundland, such is modern Liberalism, such is Popery. But let it not be thought that we point now to a single example which stands alone among nations. Far from it. The principles of disorganization now rife and popular in Newfoundland are, in fact, the very same principles that are now agitating Europe. Turn to the Netherlands, and enquire what broke up that union, making Belgium

20," in order to show what sort of priests they were, for whose gratification ChiefJustice Boulton was dismissed; and we may also add, that it is well to remember that the arbitrary dismissal of a Judge by the Crown is not only unjust in itself, but contrary also to English law. It was one of the first, as it was one of the most excellent acts of George III. to render Judges independent; but this principle it appears must now be subverted by friends of freedom,' to please a Popish faction."

a separate kingdom? Popery using democracy as its instrument. What is now disturbing Ireland?-Popery pretending to peculiar Liberalism. What is exciting Prussia?-Popery in alliance with revolutionary doctrines. What caused the Canadian revolt?-Popery availing itself of democratic theories and popular discontents. Poor Lord Glenelg is answerable, certainly, for the late events in Newfoundland, but the extent of his offence is infatuation. He believed all Popery professed, he believed all its fine and plausible professions, and he continues deluded even after it has thrown off its disguises, and changed from adherence to democracy-to practical despotism. Chief-Justice Boulton differs nothing whatever from Baron Smith, save in name. Against both the Papists have made virulent assaults; both have been dragged before partial tribunals to give account of conduct on the Bench; both have been acquitted of the charges, and both persecuted. It is true that, by the energy of the Conservatives, Baron Smith (whose case is doubtless in the recollection of our readers) was saved; but Chief-Justice Boulton fell by the oppressive mandate of a new StarChamber a certain new court of Privy Council, at whose bar it now appears the most distinguished subjects are liable to be dragged and disgraced. And this, forsooth, is liberal government! This is popular freedom! We bid the man in this country who has any thing to lose to look now at Newfoundland, and see there, in full and fair operation, the very principles to which so many men of property are now unfortunately assenting. We bid the Voluntary, who, for his narrow, petty, and sectarian purposes, is now foolish enough to confederate with Popery, to look at that once peaceable colony, to see what has been the consequence of such a confederacy there, and to enquire seriously and earnestly whether similar unions at home can have any different result. Above all, we appeal to those who call themselves enlightened, who tell us so confidently that the days of religious intolerance are gone, and talk so glibly of all Popery is now capable of doing, to consider the lesson that Newfoundland teaches. If that be not sufficient, we turn then to Canada and Nova Scotia,

and request the Liberals to explain the anomalies there existing.

It is well known that Lower Canada is chiefly peopled by Roman Ca.. tholics. Their number is not less than 450,000, and they are distinguished (as the populations of Popish countries always are) by the lowest superstition and the most profound ig

norance.

The established religion is Roman Catholic. There are five Popish Bishops with large incomes. Each parish has one or more priests, with incomes averaging very nearly L.300 a-year. The parish churches are Popish and the cathedrals; and heavy grants have been made by the local legislature for Popish purposes. Now look on that picture and on this. In Upper Canada and Lower Canada together, the Protestant population now amounts to very nearly half a million of souls. The whole number of clergy is only eighty-nine, and these are now chiefly supported by voluntary contributions from England. In Upper Canada the number of persons to each clergyman is not more than 5000, but the number of square miles to each minister is not less than 1,600! Under these circumstances, what has Lord Glenelg done to remedy an evil so enormous? He has first, by a piece of thimblerig trickery, ingeniously contrived to cheat the Protestants of two thousand a year which formerly went to the Bishop of Quebec. It seems that the late Bishop, a most pious and zealous man, found himself towards the end of his life unable to fulfil his onerous duties, and applied for a coadjutor. Accordingly, a new bishopric (that of Montreal) was created, and L. 1000 fixed as the annual salary. Soon after, the Bishop of Quebec died, and then Lord Glenelg refused either to fill up the See, or to give the L.2000 a-year the late Bishop enjoyed, to the Bishop of Montreal. The inhabitants of Upper Canada, upwards of 300,000 in number, then applied for a bishop for that district, as there was a Popish Bishop of Kingston. The petition was unheeded, the See of Quebec abolished, and the L.2000 a-year retained by the Liberal Government. Secondly, by an equally creditable proceeding he has thrown nearly the whole of the sixty clergymen in Upper Canada on the charity of the English

public. Formerly a grant was annually voted of L. 15,000, by the House of Commons, to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel for the Upper Canada Clergy. In 1830 this grant was first opposed by Lord Howick, a person who seems distinguished by nothing except a most bitter, ravenous, and wrong-headed hostility to Protestant establishments every where. In 1831, Lord Althorp promised that the grant should be reduced L.4000 a-year till it ceased. This scheme was carried out, and in 1835, under Lord Glenelg's sanction, the grant ceased, with the exception of a small sum remaining for the lives merely of a few old clergymen. Thus the means of subsistence on which the sixty clergymen of Upper Canada almost entirely relied, to a very great extent ceased, and they were thrown upon a fund of about L.2000 a-year, called the Clergy Reserves, a small sum from Government, and the liberality of the English people. Accordingly, the Upper Canada Clergy Society was established, and Mr Beltridge and others were sent over here as a deputation to obtain voluntary and charitable aid from the public. We believe the simple truth to be, that while in the two provinces of Canada, the Protestants and Roman Catholics are about equal in number, it is no exaggeration to say that the former have not nearly onetenth the amount of public money enjoyed by the latter. We have heard of abuses, but never did we discover one worse than this. We have heard of reform, but never could we hear of a case more urgently demanding reformation. It is said that Lord Durham, in that wonderful wisdom of which we hear so much and see so little, is preparing a plan for establishing a police force in Montreal. Perhaps, when that weighty and statesmanlike undertaking is accomplished, his Lordship will deign to give a moment's attention to the starving Protestant clergy and the abolished bishopric; or more probably, he will, with true liberality, see whether another "heavy blow" cannot be dealt to the Protestant interest, and still more money procured for the Popish professors of the pure Voluntary principle. But, bad as all this undoubtedly is, it will appear far worse when it is remembered that the

But it

L.15,000 has been withdrawn from the Protestant clergy at the very time it was most needed. Between the first attack on the grant in 1830 and its cessation in 1835, 300,000 persons had emigrated to Canada. Sixty thousand more persons were annually entering the colony, and L.4000 less was granted each year to the clergy! Nor was Canada alone in feeling the effects of Whig-Radical Government. A college for the education of young men in the poor but important colony of Nova Scotia had for a long time been supported by an annual grant from the House of Commons. had one fault; it was a Protestant school, under the patronage of the Bishop. An assault was therefore made on it, and Lord Glenelg, in obedience to the commands of his supporters on the Treasury benches, withdrew the grant. Windsor College, long a seminary for sound education, long a most useful institution, inust now fall, because the Bible has been the foundation of its system, and the Church of England Catechism has been taught to its inmates. It is not difficult to predicate that had another mode of education been adopted, no word whatever of anger would have escaped the lips of the Reformers, and no sentiment of " hunger-bitten economy," would have been allowed to cause its demolition. Its fate was different. It taught the religion Lord Glenelg professes, and Lord Glenelg destroyed it for that reason. Wonderful magnanimity! Marvellous liberality! We need scarcely say that the Dissenters in Parliament very warmly approved of its doom. Mr Baines, for instance, was exceedingly eloquent, according to his fashion, on this and similar topics. When the vote for the "Church in Canada," came before the House, and Mr O'Connell, with profound dissimulation, knowing full well how richly the Canadian Papists were endowed, independently of their portion of that grant, declared his opposition to paying them any thing, and avowed his friendship for the Voluntary principle, Mr Baines rose up to laud the learned Jesuit's consistency, and to protest against "Dissenters paying for the Established Church in Canada." It mattered not to this "conscientious Dissenter" how much Popery received; he said not a word even about the considerable share of

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