3. f

is a soft hissing sound between the lower lip and the upper teeth. Pronounce fit, fifty, fife.

is a hard murmured hissing between the lower lip and the teeth. It is the same as f with a throat murmur added. Pronounce vim, vivid, verve,

is a soft puffing sound through the lips. Pronounce pup, papa, peep.

m

6. b is a hard murmured puffing sound

through the lips. It is the same as p with a throat murmur added.

Pronounce bob, bobbin, bib. 7.

is both a labial and a nasal. It is made by closing the lips and turning the sound into the nasal cavity. Like b it also has the throat murmur.

Pronounce my, mamma, mum. 49. Dentals. 1. t is a soft explosive sound produced by

thrusting the tip of the tongue lightly against the hard palate just above the front teeth, and then suddenly blowing

it away, letting the sound rush out
under the upper teeth.
Pronounce tot, tatter, taut.

is the same as t with a throat murmur
added.
Pronounce dad, added, did.
is a soft hissing sound made by holding
the tip of the tongue close to the hard

3. S

palate above the front teeth, and blowing out softly between them. Pronounce sit, sister, sis.

4.

is the same as s with a throat murmur added.

Pronounce zest, huzza, buzz. 5. th (soft) is a soft blowing sound made by hold

ing the tip of the tongue close to the lower edge of the upper teeth, and forc

ing the air out between the tongue and the teeth.

Pronounce thin, smithy, death. 6. th (hard) is the same as th (soft) with a throat

murmur added.

Pronounce this, father, smooth. 7. sh (soft) is a soft blowing sound made by draw

ing back the tongue, raising the center
of it until it is close to the back of the
hard palate, and blowing the sound out
over the tongue.
Pronounce sheet, passion, push.

8. zh is the same as sh (soft) with a throat

murmur added.

Pronounce pleasure, treasure, azure. 9. ch (soft) is a soft explosive sound made by flat

tening the tongue against the hard
palate, and suddenly blowing the air
out between them.
Pronounce chin, teacher, church.