"Then I felt that what I had long secretly dreaded, was about to be realized. For awhile the woman struggled fearfully within me-but the strife was brief; and though I could not with my lips say, 'go,' in my heart I responded, 'God's will be done'-for as such I could but regard the sacred cause in which all for which we lived was staked. I dwell not on the anguished parting, nor on the lonely desolation of heart which followed. A few hasty arrangements, and he, in that stern band known as the Green Mountain Boys, led by the noble Stark, hurried to the post of danger. On the plains of Bennington he nobly distinguished himself, in that fierce conflict with the haughty Briton and mercenary foe.

"Long and dreary was the period of my husband's absence; but the God of my fathers forsook me not. To Him I committed my absent one, in the confidence that He would do all things well. Now and then, a hurried scrawl written, perhaps, on the eve of an expected battle, came to me in my lonely solitude like the 'dove of peace and consolationfor it spoke of undying affection and unshaken faith in the utlimate success of that cause for which he had left all.

"But he did return. Once more he was with me. I saw him press his first-born to his bosom, and receive the little dark-eyed one, whom he had never yet seen, with new fondness to his paternal arms. He lived

to witness the glorious termination of that struggle, the events of which all so well know; to see the stars and stripes' waving triumphantly in the breeze, and to enjoy, for a brief season, the rich blessings of peace and independence. But ere the sere and yellow leaf of age was upon his brow, the withering hand of disease laid his noble head in the dust. As the going down of the sun, which foretells a glorious rising, so was his death. Many years have gone by, since he was laid in his quiet restingplace, where, in a few brief days, I shall slumber sweetly by his side.'

"Such was her unvarnished story; and such is substantially the story of many an ancient mother of New England. Yet while the pen of history tells of the noble deeds of the patriot fathers, it records little of the days of privation and toil of the patriot mothers-of their nights of harassing anxiety and uncomplaining sorrow. But their virtues remain written upon the hearts of their daughters, in characters that perish not. Let not the rude hand of degeneracy desecrate the hallowed shrine of their memory. "THERESA."

THE TOMB OF WASHINGTON.

"He sleeps there in midst of the very simplicities of Nature."

VOL. I.-No. 4.

THERE let him sleep, in Nature's arms,
Her well-beloved, her chosen child-

There 'mid the living, quiet charms
Of that sequestered wild.

He would have chosen such a spot,
"Twas fit that they should lay him there,
Away from all the haunts of care;
The world disturbs him not.
He sleeps full sweet in his retreat-
The place is consecrated ground,
It is not meet unhallowed feet
Should tread that sacred mound.

45

He lies in pomp-not pomp of war-
He fought, but fought not for renown;
He triumphed, yet the victor's star
Adorned no regal crown.

His honour was his country's weal;
From off her neck the yoke he tore-
It was enough, he asked no more;
His generous heart could feel
No low desire for king's attire ;—

With brother, friend, and country blest,
He could aspire to honours higher
Than kingly crown or crest.

He lies in pomp-his burial place
Than sculptured stone is richer far;
For in the heart's deep love we trace
His name, a golden star.

Wherever patriotism breathes,
His memory is devoutly shrined
In every pure and gifted mind:
And history, with wreaths

Of deathless fame, entwines that name,
Which evermore, beneath all skies,
Like vestal flame, shall live the same,
For virtue never dies.

There let him rest-'tis a sweet spot;
Simplicity becomes the great-
But Vernon's son is not forgot,
Though sleeping not in state.
There, wrapt in his own dignity,
His presence makes it hallowed ground,
And Nature throws her charms around,
And o'er him smiles the sky.
There let him rest-the noblest, best;
The labours of his life all done-
There let him rest, the spot is blessed-
The grave of WASHINGTON.

ADELAIDE.

STATE PRISON MONOPOLY.

THE excitement which for a long time prevailed in this city, on the subject of State Prison Monopoly, must be fresh in the remembrance of most of our inhabitants. The Editor of this work, at that time, lived in a house in the upper part of the city, the stone steps of which leading to the front door, had been made at the State Prison; and he well recollects a loaded musket having been brought to him, accompanied with a notice that he must defend his house against the anti-State Prison monopolists. All the houses in St. Mark's Place, he was told, had muskets and ammunition furnished them, as an attack was contemplated.

This fact is recorded, solely with a view to show the intense excitement that prevailed, when the evil of degraded labour, interfering with our mechanic industry, was so near home that our mechanics could see its consequences.

The stone and marble, and other articles, which were manufactured by the prisoners at Sing Sing, were sold at prices which paralyzed the arm of honest, independent industry, and produced, to those who laboured in corresponding arts, the most serious embarrassments, from the effect it had to lessen the value of their labour.

Now what, we would ask, is the difference between a State Prison Monopoly from degraded labour at home-and the degraded labour of the monarchical institutions of Europe? If, without a protective tariff, Europeans can bring to New York, hats, boots and shoes, ready made clothing, and all the various productions of the mechanic arts, so as to get entire possession of our markets, and undersell and destroy all similar productions made at home, may not Europe be considered in the light of a great state prison, and a protective tariff as a law to abolish State Prison Monopoly? We put this question in all sincerity to our fellow-citizens of the various mechanical professions, and ask them seriously to examine it for themselves.

Either the Europeans can undersell them, or they cannot. If they can, then the same reason that caused the clamour against the State Prison Monopoly exists, with much increased force, against the monopoly which would be given to the degraded labour of Europe, and from which we are protected solely by the existing tariff; and if Europeans could not undersell them, then all arguments against a protective tariff are surely at an end; for it is certainly our duty to sustain our own workmen in preference to the workmen of other countries. We refer our mechanics, also, to the array of facts, which must have come within the knowledge of many of them, but upon which they may not sufficiently have reflected, tending to show that the ground here taken is indisputable: namely, that a tariff solely for revenue, is equivalent to a State Prison Monopoly, and a protective tariff, to the abolition of such monopoly.

ADVANTAGES OF MANUFACTORIES

IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK.

It has been, for some time, our purpose to call the attention of the capitalists of this city to the vast benefits that would result to them, and to the owners of real estate, from the establishment of manufactories on this Island. It possesses advantages which ought to be known, and it would appear to us, if known, and duly weighed and considered, could not fail to wake up a feeling on the subject which must result favourably to the project.

No place in the Union possesses as many facilities as the city of New York for the manufacture of cotton. The raw material is always to be had in great abundance, with the power to select of the best qualities; there are thousands of unemployed females, who would be rejoiced to find employment at moderate wages; favourable sites without number exist in the Twelfth Ward, where every thing could be conveyed to and from a factory by water carriage; building materials of all kinds can be easily and cheaply obtained, and it is now fully ascertained that steam power in large cities is more economical than water power in country villages. The average cost of the water mills in New England, embracing the machinery and utensils of every kind, is ascertained to be, as near as may be, about thirty dollars per spindle; while it is well known, that here, a steam mill could be put in operation at a much less expense. The question no longer admits of a doubt, that the greater advantages of a populous seaport, such as New York, for procuring the raw material, obtaining of hands at more moderate wages, with a constant market on the spot for the goods, without cost of freight, insurance, and other charges, afford in themselves a considerable profit.

We have before us an address delivered recently at Portsmouth, N. H., by a Mr. James, of Newburyport, Mass., on the comparative expenses of steam, and of water power for manufacturing purposes, in which he says: "It is demonstrable, not only by mathematical calculation, on scientific principles, but from acutual experience, which I am fully prepared to prove, that in a seaport, or a town contiguous to ship navigation, steam power set in operation under the supervision of practical scientific men, is cheaper, as a motive power, all things taken into the account, than water power in the country can be, for manufacturing purposes. In other words, the comparative advantages of a location in a seaport, over one in the country, are more than sufficient to counterbalance any excess of cost of steam power over water power.

"The average cost per spindle of the water mills in New England, embracing all the expense necessary for carrying on the manufacture of cotton cloth, is about thirty dollars; or, in other words, a water mill of six thousand spindles with water privilege, and all necessary apparatus for carrying on the manufacture of cotton, will cost at least one hundred and eighty thousand dollars; while a steam cotton mill, erected in this town, on a desirable location, would not exceed in cost, one hundred thousand dollars. Here we have a difference, in favour of the steam mill, of eighty

thousand dollars, the annual interest of which is four thousand eight hundred dollars; a sum more than sufficient to purchase fuel for two such mills, to say nothing of the cost of transportation and of the expense of heating the mill six months in the year. This last is an item which is saved by using the steam in the steam mill after it has performed its service in supplying the mill with a motive power. We will suppose for a moment that one half the capital, which has been invested by the citizens of this town in water mills, had been invested in steam mills in this place, say one million of dollars. This would have been sufficient to erect and put into operation a steam cotton mill of at least sixty thousand spindles, thereby giving employment to some two thousand of your own citizens, and annually paying to them at least three hundred thousand dollars for their services. Think you, that three hundred thousand dollars annually distributed among all classes of your citizens, and coming as it does, from a distant part of the country, from the consumer of your manufactures, would not give renewed life and energy to business generally in this place? But to be more particular; the bare cost of transportation saved by this means, in many instances, would pay for the cost of fuel to operate a steam mill. There are many seasons when water mills must lie idle for want of water to run them, when a steam mill in the same period might earn, and I know has earned, sufficient to pay more than the whole cost of fuel for one year. Many other advantages might be named, which go directly to enhance the cost of a water mill, and among them, the following in particular. In the country, when you erect a cotton mill, you must also purchase a large quantity of land, cut streets, construct dams, canals, flumes, raceways, and erect a village. This diverts a large proportion of the capital from the proper object in view; in other words, it renders twice the amount of capital necessary to conduct the same amount of business. In large establishments, especially, this is desirable to be avoided; and in dull times, or when the owners find it necessary to stop their mills, they lose double what they otherwise would, were they manufacturing by steam power.

"In seaports this difficulty does not exist. The company find streets already cut, and buildings already erected for their operations, and persons ready to erect more if necessary. Consequently, some eighty thousand dollars less becomes necessary to commence operations.

*

"And again, some cities become rich by means of being the medium through which the wealth of others is exchanged. What is there to prevent this place from creating this wealth for itself and making its own exchanges? Cotton manufactories create an extensive demand for labour; thus they tend to an increase of population. They give employment to coasting vessels and mariners, to import the raw material and export the manufactures. And an increasing population, also, creates an increased and increasing demand for those articles of foreign production, which are numbered either among the necessaries, the comforts, or the luxuries of life. In this way they increase navigation to foreign ports as well as to our own. To supply the numerous wants of those connected with or employed in manufactories, additional mechanics and traders are necessary, and additional numbers in all branches and professions. Added to all this, they raise the value of real estate, by creating an increased demand for it and very much enhance the agricultural interest,