Why, the hot-blooded France, that dowerless took Gon. Lear. I pr'ythee, daughter, do not make me mad; Which I must needs call mine: thou art a boil,1 out the word war after it, and yet signifies to make war, as before in this play: My life I never held but as a pawn "To wage against thine enemies." The words-necessity's sharp pinch! appear to be the reflection of Lear on the wretched sort of existence he had described in the preceding lines. 7 8 Steevens. base life] i. e. In a servile state. Johnson. and sumpter -] Sumpter is a horse that carries necessaries on a journey, though sometimes used for the case to carry them in. -See Beaumont and Fletcher's Noble Gentleman, Seward's edit. Vol. VIII, note 35; and Cupid's Revenge: 66 I'll have a horse to leap thee, "And thy base issue shall carry sumpters." Again, in Webster's Duchess of Malfy, 1623: "His is indeed a guarded sumpter-cloth, "Only for the remove o' the court." Steevens. • But yet thou art my flesh, &c.] So, in King Henry VI, Part I: "God knows, thou art a collop of my flesh." Steevens. 1 thou art a boil, &c.] The word in the old copies is written byle, and all the modern editors have too strictly followed them. The mistake arose from the word boil being often pronounced as if written bile. In the folio, we find in Coriolanus the same false spelling as here: 2 A plague-sore,] So, in Thomas Lupton's Fourth Booke of Notable Thinges, bl. 1. 4to: "If you wyll knowe whether one shall escape or not, that is infected with the plague, (having the plague-sore) gave the partie, &c. And also anoint the plague-sure" &c. The plague-sore, we may suppose, was the decisive mark of infection. Steevens. In my corrupted blood. But I'll not chide thee; Nor tell tales of thee to high-judging Jove: I, and my hundred knights. Reg. Not altogether so, sir; Lear. Is this well spoken now? Reg. I dare avouch it, sir: What, fifty followers? Is it not well? What should you need of more? Yea, or so many? sith that both charge and danger Speak 'gainst so great a number? How, in one house, Should many people, under two commands, Hold amity? 'Tis hard; almost impossible. Gon. Why might not you, my lord, receive attendance From those that she calls servants, or from mine? Reg. Why not, my lord? If then they chanc'd to slack you, We could controul them: If you will come to me, (For now I spy a danger) I entreat you To bring but five and twenty; to no more Will I give place, or notice. Lear. I gave you all Reg. And in good time you gave it. Lear. Made you my guardians, my depositaries; But kept a reservation to be follow'd With such a number: What, must I come to you With five and twenty, Regan? said you so? Reg. And speak it again, my lord; no more with me. Lear. Those wicked creatures yet do look well-fa vour'd, When others are more wicked;4 not being the worst, S - embossed carbuncle,] Embossed is swelling, protuberant. Johnson. So, in Timon of Athens: "Whom once a day with his embossed froth Stands in some rank of praise:-- [To GON. Hear me, my lord; Thy fifty yet doth double five and twenty, Gon. What need you five and twenty, ten, or five, Reg. What need one? Lear. O, reason not the need: our basest beggars Are in the poorest thing superfluous: Allow not nature more than nature needs, Man's life is cheap as beast's: thou art a lady; If only to go warm were gorgeous, Why, nature needs not what thou gorgeous wear'st, That all the world shall I will do such things, I have full cause of weeping; but this heart 4 Those wicked creatures yet do look well-favour'd, When others are more wicked;] This passage, I think, should be pointed thus: Those wicked creatures yet do look well-favour'd, That is, to be not the worst deserves some praise. Tyrwhitt. 5 patience, patience I need!] I believe the word patience was repeated inadvertently by the compositor. Malone. The compositor has repeated the wrong word: Read: Or, still better, perhaps : You heavens, give me patience!—that I need. Ritson. Shall break into a hundred thousand flaws,7 [Exeunt LEAR, GLO. KENT, and Fool, Corn. Let us withdraw, 'twill be a storm. [Storm heard at a Distance. Reg. Gon. Gon. So am I purpos'd. Re-enter GLOSTER. Where is my lord of Gloster? Corn. Follow'd the old man forth:-he is return'd. Whither is he going? Glo. He calls to horse; but will I know not whither. Corn. 'Tis best to give him way; he leads himself. Gon. My lord, entreat him by no means to stay. Glo. Alack, the night comes on, and the bleak winds, Do sorely ruffle; for many miles about There's scarce a bush. Reg. O, sir, to wilful men, The injuries, that they themselves procure, 7- into a hundred thousand flaws,] A flaw signifying a crack or other similar imperfection, our author, with his accustomed license, uses the word here for a small broken particle. So again, in the fifth Act: •he hath put Himself from rest,] The personal pronoun was supplied by Sir Thomas Hanmer. He hath was formerly contracted thus; H'ath; and hence perhaps the mistake. Malone. 9 Corn. Whither is he going? Glo. He calls to horse;] Omitted in the quartos. Steevens. 1 Do sorely ruffle ;] Thus the folio. The quartos read-Do sorely russel, i. e. rustle. Steevens. Ruffle is certainly the true reading. A ruffler, in our author's time, was a noisy, boisterous, swaggerer. Malone. And what they may incense him to,2 being apt Corn. Shut up your doors, my lord; 'tis a wild night; My Regan counsels well: come out o' the storm. [Exeunt. ACT III.....SCENE I. A Heath. A Storm is heard, with Thunder and Lightning. Kent. Who's here, beside foul weather? Bids the wind blow the earth into the sea, Or swell the curled waters 'bove the main,4 That things might change, or cease: tears his white hair;5 2 incense him to,] To incense is here, as in other places, to instigate. Malone. 3 the fretful element:] i. e. the air. Thus the quartos; for which the editor of the folio substituted elements. Malone. 4 Or swell the curled waters 'bove the main,] The main seems to signify here the main land, the continent. So, in Bacon's War with Spain: "In 1589, we turned challengers, and invaded the main of Spain." This interpretation sets the two objects of Lear's desire in proper opposition to each other. He wishes for the destruction of the world, either by the winds blowing the land into the waters, or raising the waters so as to overwhelm the land. So, Lucretius, III, 854: ❝ terra mari miscebitur. et mare cœlo." See also the Æneid I, 133, and XII, 204. So, in Troilus and Cressida : Steevens. "Should lift their bosoms higher than the shores The main is again used for the land, in Hamlet: 5 "Goes it against the main of Poland, sir?" Malone. tears his white hair;] The six following verses were omitted in all the late editions; I have replaced them from the first, for they are certainly Shakspeare's. Pope. |