cess, none of them seeming to answer the purpose effectually. I took soft soap, made with potash, and anointed the animals thoroughly with that, and it did the business completely, destroying not only the lice, but the nits also, so that there was not the slightest trace of vermin left. If you think proper to publish the above, it may be worth something to those who have been troubled as I have been, to know of so effectual a remedy that does not endanger the health of the animal.-Boston Cultivator.

LIME WILL DESTROY SORREL.-Edmund Ruffin gives, in the last number of the Southern Planter, the experience of thirty-four farmers on the subject of lime as a remedy against sorrel. Their exIperience is from nine to thirty-six years, and their unanimous opinion is that marling or liming, in a proper manner and quantity, will entirely destroy the growth of sorrel and prevent its return.

AGRICULTURAL DIVISION OF THE PATENT OFFICE -Instructions for using Guano.-In the application of this valuable mauure, it is necessary to keep in view its powerful properties, and to exercise great care to prevent its coming into immediate contact with the newly sown seed or the foliage of plants and flowers. It never should be placed in contact with seeds, for all seeds in the process of germination give off a greater or less quantity of carbonic acid and vinegar; and these acids, having strong affinities for the ammoniacal portion of the guano, are apt to attract it so powerfully as to check and even destroy vegetation.

RAISING APPLE TREES.-Observing in the January number of the New England Farmer an article under the head, "How long it takes to get Apples," I am induced to send you the results of my own experience.

In the fall of 1845 I planted, with my own hand, some pomace. The next spring the seeds came up finely, and by the last of August had grown to such asize that, with the exception of one, I budded the whole of them. That one was so large in its growth, so smooth, so straight, its leaf so handsome, that I was sure it would produce a good natural fruit. The buds did well, the trees the next season grew nobly, and in four years from the bud I began to have fruit. Last year a good many of the trees, which were transplanted when three years old, bore finely. In transplanting them I took pains to have large and deep holes, which I filled with compost and good soil; so that at this time the trees have attained a size and thrifty appearance which makes my young orchard one of the best I have ever seen of its age.

I had the opinion formerly that it was the work f a life to get an orchard from the seed, but I have found out to the contrary, and as there is great pleasure in rearing our own trees, I would recommend to every one who has opportunity to make the trial, at least on a small scale.

In regard to the one tree I left unbudded, it poved, as I expected, a good fruit-fair, of suffient size, ripening late in the fall.

In the whole I raised several hundred trees, of perhaps twenty varieties, so that the experiment as sufficiently extensive to test its success.

AMASA WALKER, in N. E. Farmer.

CURE FOR ROUP.-Edmund Cone says, in Ubio Farmer, that in attempting to keep from to 1,500 fowls together, he has, till recently, it hundreds each year by the roup. The past ess be lost none. As soon as the disease made appearance, he collected all his fowls into the -house, and built a fire with corn-cobs, proucing a smoke so dense that objects could not be e unless in a direct line with the windows.

the poultry seem to enjoy this dense, pungent ake exceedingly; the cocks crow and hens sing Are than at other times, especially if the weather ind The smoke produces constant snuffling, or wing, with a very active action of the nictiWing (winking) muscles, and considerable lachry

or discharge of water from the eyes. He at tell us how often he smokes 'em. In addithe effect of the smoke upon his fowls, he She has himself been troubled for fifteen years

throat affection (chronic laryngitis), which feared would terminate in consumption; but aw almost if not quite well; and he attribrecovery to being in the smoke to witness

its effects upon the poultry. He will experiment further, both upon poultry and human subjects. Am. Agriculturist.

CLEANING OUT A HEN'S CROP-FOWL SURGERY. -In the N. E. Farmer, John Fiske says he had several poor biddies that seemed to have a stoppage in the crop, so that food remained there till it swelled so as to be a burden, and finally resulted in death. He took one of these fowls, laid it upon its back, and while his son held its head and legs, he cut the skin crosswise, in the shape of an X, and with a crooked wire hooked out the contents, consisting of grass and grain which had become a decaying, disagreeable mass. He next washed out the crop well with cold water, sewed up the slit with a strong thread, and set biddie upon her feet, when she went off singing her thankful song. In a few days the wound was entirely healed and egglaying was commenced again.-Am. Agriculturist. CATERPILLARS.-These pests are alarmingly numerous this season. If suffered to remain unmolested, they will not only destroy the crop of fruit but mostly the growth of the tree for the present year. A pole with a spiral brush on the end of it, a pair of sharp eyes and steady hands will put an end to a host of them in a couple of hours, beginning at sunrise. It is miserable economy to delay it.-New England Farmer.

BEEF AT ONE YEAR OLD.-We copied in an early number, an account of the success of Mr. Crowell, in rearing calves so as to fit them for the butcher at one year old. When a few days old he commenced feeding them on sour milk, keeping them on the same kind of food during the summer, taking good care to feed them uniformly, but not very abundantly, so as to keep them growing thriftily without forcing them too rapidly. In the fall they were put in the stables, and fed on hay, and a little meal, increasing the quantity of the latter gradually, with a view of fitting them for "beef" in the spring at one year old or a little under. These calves at eleven months old, look like young oxen, and are estimated to weigh about 600 pounds each alive. A correspondent at Cazenovia writes us that he has tried the same plan with equal success.Rural New Yorker.

WOOD LAND.-Fifteen acres of wood and timber land will furnish a farmer his ordinary timber and for two fires. Ten cords of wood suffice for any man to keep two fires the year round provided he has tight rooms and good stoves. We have kept two fires since the first of November in two large rooms, and have not yet burned three cords of wood, and we can assure you that we like a good comfortable fire. The farmer should commence on one side of his lot, and cut the wood clean as he goes. In this manner the young shoots come up alike as they receive the sun alike. Now say there are thirty cords of wood to an acre; if he cuts ten cords of wood a year, it will take him three years to cut off the wood of a single acre-and it will take him forty-five years to cut the wood off from his lot of fifteen acres. At the end of forty-five

years he may go back to the first acre he cut, and cut thirty cords to the acre. On our ordinary upland, wood will grow to thirty cords to the acre in thirty years.

Thirty-four years since, we recollect of assisting in clearing fourteen acres of wood land, and getting the same into winter rye. After the crop of winter rye was taken, it was pastured for a year or two, and then suffered to grow up. The growth was white oak, yellow oak, red oak, chestnut and maple. Seven years since that same rye field was cut over, and there was not a single acre of it but produced thirty cords to the acre! And this in twenty-seven years!-Rural New Yorker.

POTATOES-CUT AND UNCUT SEED.-Mr. Holiday of R. I., tried an experiment two years since to test the difference in yield between cut and uncut seed, with the following result, as stated in his report to the State Society:-He planted one acre to potatoes; one-sixth with whole potatoes, mostly of large size the remaining five-sixths with large potatoes cut into pieces, each containing two eyes, some potatoes making as much as three hills. The vines growing from the whole potatoes were the largest, but there was no difference in the yield between the two. The whole acre produced 160 bushels, 150 of •

"First-I am not a spiritualist, nor am I considered one by my friends and those who best know me. I have devoted some attention to the so-called ' phenomenon of spiritualism,' but have failed to appreciate many of its fundamental principles.

"Second-To my knowledge, 'spirits' were not consulted in regard to the divorce in question, nor was the least influence from that source exerted upon my mind.

"Third-About one year since, 'Mary F. Robinson, formerly my wife, went into the States of Ohio and Indiana, for the purpose of lecturing. I had no anticipation of the event of a divorce, until notice was served upon me to that effect.

"Fourth-I am not married again, nor have I any such proceeding in prospect at present."

The Medina Whig says: "From a limited acquaintance with Mr. Love, as well as from his reputation where he is best known, we are led to regard him with high esteem.-Roch. Dem., May 19.

At a popular meeting held at Cleveland on the 12th, the following resolutions were passed: Slavery must be interdicted in Kanzas and Nebraska.

No more slave territory shall be acquired. No slave State shall henceforth be admitted into the national confederacy.

The fugitive slave law must be totally repealed. Slavery must be abolished wherever it now exists by force or sanction of Congressional law.

The "free soil" of our State must be made to - possess the efficacy of striking the manacles from off the limbs of every human being who is so fortunate as to plant his feet thereon.

This is taking strong ground in reality, but the inhabitants of the Free States have been forced to it by the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, and the illegal invasion of Kansas by armed Missouri

ans.

The President of the State Council of the Know Nothings of the State of New York, has published the following as the platform of the party in that State:

1. Americans shall rule America! 2. The Union of these States!

3. No North, no South, no East, no West! 4. The United States of America as they are-one and inseparable.

5. No sectarian interference in our legislation, or the administration of American laws.

6. Hostility to the assumptions of the Pope, through the bishops, priests and prelates of the Roman Catholic Church here, in a republic sanctified by Protestant blood.

7. Thorough reform in the naturalization laws. 8. Free and liberal educational institutions for all sects and classes, with the Bible, God's Holy word, as a universal text book.

In the last American issue of Rev. Dr. Cummings' works, there is a quotation that shows a singular plagiarism. These lines are from Longfellow's "Building of the Ship," and are thus quoted:

"Thou, too, sail on ! O ship of State,
Sail on, O England, strong and great;
Humanity, with all its fears,

And all its hopes of future years,

Is banging breathless on thy fate;
We know what Master laid tby keel,

What workmen wrought thy ribs of steel."

Millerite Fanatics.

A miserable couple of Millerites made their appearance in our streets on Wednesday morning last. The man and his wife came on in the steamboat from New York and went into Bacon's Hotel, but refused to take lodgings; both of them being under great apprehensions of being called for before morning, and were unwilling to grope their way out of bed in a dark room, merely in night dresses.They, therefore, took their seats on a trunk in the Hall, and awaited all night expecting to "go up" at any moment. In the morning they took their stations in front of the Hotel and stood there all day, the objects of special attention from the boys and of the general loaferism of the city. The man seemed to be a little less wild than his wife, but wore the appearance of excitement and anxiety-the wife was as crazy as a coot, apparently worn out by a sort of frenzied excitement that had emaciated her almost to a skeleton. Indeed, she had not tasted food of any description for four days, according to her own statement, and her appearance gave good evidence of the truth of the assertion. They were decently dressed and had evidently been respectable people. The looks of these deluded beings were quite enough to repress every feeling but that of pity in those who looked upon them, though their strange looks and incoherent language, of course could hardly fail of exciting a certain levity of language and conduct among the unthinking and unfeeling crowd that surrounded them. They disappeared the next day and we have heard nothing from them since. But whether they went off horizontally or vertically, we certainly do not know." New London Chronicle.

Common Sense about Spiritualism. At a nieeting of superintendents of insane asylums, held in Boston this week, Dr. Luther V. Bell of the McLean asylum, read an elaborate article upon spiritual manifestations, taking a very sensible view of the subject, avoiding the extremes of contemptuous scepticism and credulous faith, and treating the facts as a philosopher should. After giving an account of his own experiences in the mysterious phenomena, he summed up his present convictions as follows:

1. That there is abundant evidence that a novel influence or power exists, through certain persons known as mediums, by which extraordinary results follow.

2. That objects of considerable weight are moved without human contact, though at considerable distance-in the experience of the narrator up to fifty feet, at least.

3. Questions put mentally are answered correctly, involving too many circumstances to be explained on the idea of coincidence, provided the true response is in the mind of the questioner or some one of the circle.

4. In no instance, in his experience, were correct replies given where the response was unknown to some one present.

5. Replies, supposed by the interrogator to be correct, are given, as he believes them, true, even when after wards they are proved to be erroneous. He gets the responses as he supposes them to be, not as they are.

6. There is no evidence of any spirit existence in these extraordinary phenomena, nor have they any connection with a future state of being so far as his observations warrant an opiniou.

7. The explanation must be admitted to be beyond our knowledge, yet certain analogies existing between states of dreaming, certain changes in manner, &c., would seem to point to the quality of the brain as connected with some of these phenom

ena.

8. The subject is worthy the rigid Investigation of all those whose duties are connected with our speciality. Whether regarded as a physical novelty or a wide spread epidemic of the mind, the subject is of immense importance, and deserves a much more respectful treatment than it has generally met with."

"Mr. Smith," said a little fellow the other evening to his sister's beau, "I wish you wouldn't praise our Ann Maria's eyes any more. You've made her so proud now, that she won't speak to cousin Laura, nor help mother the least bit.

Saws-From Punch.

An umbrella upon thine arm may make it ache, but should rain come, the umbrella will preserve thy clothes. Choose betwixt a trifling expense and a tailor's bill.

Other persons were born about the same time as thyself, and have been growing up ever since as well as thou. Therefore, be not proud.

The happiness of man arises more from his inward than his outward condition; and the amount of good in the world cannot be much increased but by increasing the amount of goodness.

Love the moon, for she shines in the night, to give us light in the dark, whereas the sun only shines in the day time, when there is plenty of light, and his assistance is not wanted. Such is the difference between real and false charity.

A cat, even if she be friendly, never approaches thee by a direct course. No more does a truth, O friend; but winding round thy stupidities, and rubbing up against thy prejudices, it reaches thee gently-and then perhaps scratches.

An insane person may lie to thee, and yet be innocent; and thou mayest lie to him, and be praiseworthy. Now all persons are somewhat insane, but do thou beware of lying as a general rule.

The girl who is destined to be thy wife, although now unknown to thee, is sure to be living somewhere or other. Hope, therefore, that she is quite well, and otherwise think politely about her.

Virtuous love is wholesome. Therefore, be virtuous to make thyself worthy of self-love. Not, of course, that thou art thereby prevented from loving somebody else.

A Knotty Text.

There was once an itinerate preacher in West Tennessee, who, possessing considerable natural eloquence, had gradually become possessed with the idea that he was also a great Biblical scholar. Under this delusion he would very frequently, at the close of his sermon, ask any member of his congregation, who might have a 'knotty text' to unravel, to speak it, and he would explain it at once, however much it might have troubled 'less distinguished divines.' On this occasion, in a large audience, he was particularly pressing for some one to propound a text. No one presuming to do so, he was about to sit down without an opportunity of showing his learning, when a chap by the door announced that he had a Bible matter of 'great consarn,' which he desired to be enlightened upon. The preacher, quite animatedly, professed his willingness and ability, and the congregation was in great excitement.

'What I want to know,' said the outsider, 'is, whether Job's turkey was a hen or a gobbler?'

The 'expounder' looked confused, and the congregation tittered, as the questioner capped the climax, by exclaiming in a loud voice:

'I fotched him down on the first question.' From that time forward the practice of asking for 'difficult passages' was avoided.

"I say, stranger," said a cottage urchin, in the neighborhood of Montreal, Canada, to a Yankee pedlar, "don't whistle that dog away."

"Why, he ain't no use, no how-he's too homely." "Oh, but he saves heaps of work." "How?"

"Why, he licks the plates and dishes clean, so that we wouldn't part with him nohow; for our new dog ain't got used to mustard yet."

"What is the chief use of bread?" asked an examiner at a school examination. "The chief use of bread," answered the urchin, apparently astonished at the simplicity of the inquiry, "the chief use of bread is to spread molasses and butter on."

One pound of gold may be drawn into a wire that would extend around the globe. So one good deed may be felt through all time, and even extend its consequences into eternity. Though done in the first flush of youth it may gild the last hours of a long life, and form the only bright spot in our existence.

ORNAMENTAL JUDGES Our New Hampshire and Vermont friends will take the sense of this:

Q

was elected "side judge " in one of the county courts in Vermont. He was not very well versed "in legal lore," so he called on a friend of his who had served as side judge, to make some inquiries concerning the duties of the office. To his interrogatories his answer was:

"Sir, I have filled this important and honorable office several years, but have never been consulted with regard to but one question. On the last day of the spring term, 184-, the Judge, after listening to three or four windy pleas, of an hour's length each, turned to me and whispered, 'C, ain't this seat made of rather hard wood?' and I told him I rather guessed it was."

The Times tells a story of an Irishman who came up to Judge Oakley the other day and begged to be excused from jury duty:

"But," says the Judge, if all that ask are excused we shall have no juries left."

"I know, your Honor," said the applicant, with dowcast head, while his finger nails were busy here and there and everywhere that the well-practiced digitals could reach, “I know-but mine is a peculiar case. I hate to say it, Judge, but if I must, I must, I suppose-I've got the itch.""Here, Mr. Matsell," hastily interposed the Judge, "scratch this juror out."

Eishelman, the bachelor editor of the Chilicothe (Ohio) Advertiser gets off the following eulogy on the fair sex:

"A woman will cling to the chosen object of her heart like a possum to a gum tree, and you can't separate her without snapping strings that no art can mend, and leave a portion of her soul upon the upper leather of her affections. She will sometimes see something to love, where others can see nothing to admire, and when her fondness is once fastened on a fellow, it sticks like glue and molasses in a bushy head of hair."

IL

VOL. XX.

Poetry.

Flowers.

[This poem was cut from one of the newspapers many years ago. The author's name is not known.]

Oh! they look'd upward in every place
Through this beautiful world of ours,

And dear as a smile on an old friend's face

Is the smile of the bright, bright flowers!
They tell us of wand'rings by wood and streams,
They tell us of lanes and trees,

But the children of showers and surmy beams
Have lovelier tales than these-

The bright, bright flowers!

They tell me of a season when men were not,
When earth was by angels trod,

And leaves and flowers in every spot
Burst forth at the call of God;

When spirits, singing their hymns at even,
Wander'd by wood and glade,

And the Lord looked down from the highest heaven
And bless'd what he had made-

The bright, bright flowers!

That blessing remaineth upon them still,
Though often the storm-cloud lowers,
And frequent tempests may soil and chill
The gayest of earth's fair flowers.
When Sin and Death, with their sister Grief,
Made a home in the hearts of men,
The blessing of God on each tender leaf
Preserved in their beauty then-

The bright, bright flowers!

The lily is lovely as when it slept
On the waters of Eden's lake;

The woodbine breathes sweetly as when it crept
In Eden, from brake to brake.

They were left as a proof of the loveliness
Of Adam and Eve's first home;
They are here as a type of the joys that bless
The just in the world to come-

The bright, bright flowers!

Verses on the Return of Spring.
MANUFACTURED A LAWYER'S OFFICE.
whereas, on certain boughs and sprays
Now divers birds are heard to sing,
And sundry flowers their heads upraise,
Hail to the return of Spring!

The song of those said birds arouse
The memory of our youthful hours
As green as those said sprays and boughs,
As fresh and sweet as those said flowers.

The birds aforesaid, happy pairs,

Love, 'mid the aforesaid boughs, enshrines In freehold nests; themselves, their heirs, Administrators, and assigns.

O busiest term of Cupid's Court !

Where tender plaintiff's actions bring,
Beason of frolic and of sport!
Hail, as aforesaid, coming Spring!

HARTFORD, SATURDAY, JUNE 9, 1855.

in the South Wing. The Superintendent will doubtless notice this matter in his report, but we wish to bear testimony to the happy influence of these objects upon the patients, and to express the hope that ere long the whole Institution may be similarly supplied. Objects pleasing to the eye and taste should always be presented to the insane, and hence, within doors, pictures, and tableaux, and interesting amusements, are recommended, together with pleasant walks and ornamented grounds without. Whatever beautifies the Institution, internally or externally, conduces to the recovery of the patients, renders necessary confinement less disagreeable, and in the opinion of the public takes from a Hospital for the Insane much of the fear, and sometimes prejudice, with which it is apt to be viewed.

Doct. J. S. Butler, the Superintendent and Physician, says that the large excess of female patients demands notice. This excess is not casual, but has been a marked and growing feature of the past few years. During the past year 31 more females than males, were admitted, and nearly as many (though mostly from other States) were rejected for want of room. Of the recoveries, nearly two to one, were females. The daily average excess of females over males, for the year past, has been 27. Between 1824 and 1844, the males exceeded the females by 57; but during the past ten years, females have outnumbered the males by 198.

The Doctor says:

Our extensive and beautiful grounds have been much improved during the year-the entire exclusion of the public from them (made necessary by the inexcusable interference with the patients,) has made them much more available to our inmates. The majority of our patients are out upon the lawns, or at our arm, or in the garden, every pleasant day in the mild seasons. The benefit and relief which is thus afforded to both patients and attendants is most evident. Our daily experience in summer will testify, that there is none so speedy a remedy to dullness, gloom, or irritability, as a ramble upon our lawn, or a song or merry dance under the shade of the trees.

The foolish custom, common to injudicious friends, of interfering and removing patients when they are only half cured, and when those who understand the subject best, would advise a longer residence at the Asylum, is appropriately touched upon, and then the Doctor proceeds to speak of his principal improvement for the last year, the new Female Lodge. We understand that more credit is due to Doctor Butler, than it would be modest for him to claim in his own report. He had to devise his plans, and take responsibilities and incur exposure to ridicule and censure in case of failure, and undergo that degree of trial which every man who undertakes any improvements on the doings of old fogyism, is of course exposed to.

The new Lodge for the Female department was finished last Autumn and has since been constantly occupied. While perfectly simple, plain, and rigidly economical in its finish, it is believed to combine in its arrangements and fixtures all those conveniencies and essentials which the experience of our own and of other Institutions has proved to be demanded for the comfort and speedy restoration of the unfortunate maniacs.

The system for heating and ventilating, which was after much careful consideration presented by the committee and adopted by the Directors, has more than equaled my most sanguine expectations.

We are enabled by it to maintain at all conditions of the atmosphere a free and abundant ventilation of each and every room; while any one, or all o.

NO. 13.

the rooms, can be kept at a temperature of any degree of heat, rising from that of the external air to seventy or eighty degrees. All offensive effluvia from the close-stools is by the same system of ventilation prevented from rising into the room by being carried downward into the foul air flue in the cellar, &c., as shown in the plan.

The rooms are spacious and cheerful, so constructed as to admit of easy supervision and yet also of entire seclusion from the unnecessary observation of other patients or of any one else. There is an abundant supply of hot and cold water, an important item, where warm baths are so constantly needed. The large and pleasant parlor is also found a very important adjunct. Such rooms must necessarily be more expensive in their construction than those required in any other department of the Institution. But these it will be remembered are not built, as some have supposed, for those who are solely filthy and demented, but for those, not unfrequently found among our recent and best cases, who are furiously maniacal-a class which imperiously demand of science and humanity, each and every one of the comforts and conveniences we have here given them; .without them their sufferings must be aggravated and their chances of recovery diminished. I heartily congratulate the friends of the Retreat upon the erection of this building, for who among us can say that in the inscrutable providence of God, the light of his own household may not be shrouded in the darkness of this painful disease; that the wife, the sister or the daughter, may not, as a raving maniac, demand for her comfort and cure, those very arrangements which no other parts of the institution can furnish.

The Doctor then speaks of the cheering change which the introduction of pictures and engravings has made upon the walls of four of the halls of the female department. What can be a happier thought than this, of adorning the walls with prints and graceful, amusing, cheerful views of life, that may catch the eye, and while away the listless hours, at a time when the most amusing book would be a weariness to the flesh. The experiment has succeeded perfectly, and the Doctor only wants the funds to adorn the institution, throughout, in all proper places, with similar improvements. The Doctor acknowledges the receipt of One Hundred and Fifty Dollars the past year, to be expended at the discretion of the Superintendent, in what he may consider the best means of promoting the happiness of his female patients. We hope he may have a thousand dollars, at least, to acknowledge next year, and that the males may find friends, who will contribute of their abundance to cheer the heart of the stricken.

Fund for the Insane.

The Commissioner of the Fund for the Insane, Henry Dutton, has made his report to the General Assembly. From it we learn that the whole number of insane persons in the Retreat, who received aid from the State during the year ending March 31, is 151. Of these, 71 have been discharged, leaving 80 now in the Retreat. Of those discharged, 33 have been cured, and 14 have been more or less improved. Mr. Dutton speaks in warm terms of the benefit which this appropriation has accomplished, and in high commendation of the Institution and its management, the improvements in which he describes in full. The following extract shows that the insane are much indebted to the architect as well as to the physician. Architecture, in its effects on hospitals, prisons and such public

buildings, deserves to rank high among the healing

arts:

My attention was particularly directed to a new building, or lodge, which has been completed during the past year, which is intended especially to provide accommodations for the worst cases of insanity. The want of such a building had for a long time been severely felt. Some of these maniacs occasionally get beyond the control of their attendants, strip themselves of their clothing, become extremely filthy in their habits, and endanger the lives of all who approach them. Humanity requires that such wretched objects should be secluded from view, kept warm and comfortable, and deprived of the power of injuring themselves, or others, without being subject to some kind of restraining apparatus. Until this lodge was built, this could not be done at the Retreat. Now, a spacious hall and a suit of rooms have been provided, admirably adapted for such a purpose. By means of a furnace, the air in each room can be kept at any required temperature. Warm and cold baths are provided. By an ingenious plan of ventilation, all the foul air and unpleasant effiuvia may be instantly removed, from any of these rooms, without affecting its temperature. Food and other necessaries can be supplied to the occupant, without exposing the person delivering them to an attack.The rooms, in my judgment, are not larger, nor their construction more expensive, than was necessary. A similar lodge at the other extremity of the main building, for males, is imperiously demanded.

CONNECTICUT LEGISLATURE.

SENATE.

Friday, June 1st.

Senate met at ten. Prayer by Rev. Dr. Murdock. Senate concurred with the House in the reference of several reports, bills for public acts, resolutions and petitions.

Bill relating to the Conn. Medical Society, was read three times and passed.

Report of a com. consisting of the Secretary, Treasurer, Comptroller and Commissioner of School Fund, in favor of the petition of William Cady or Canaan, on the payment for a certain piece of land, recommended that $178,85 be paid said Cady; read three times and passed.

Bill relating to Supreme Court of Errors came from the House rejected. Senate adhered, and Mr. Ferry appointed com. of Conference.

Bill relating to the fees of Grand Jurors came from the House indefinitely postponed; Senate concurred.

Mr. Rose, from Com. on State Prison, on the petition of Ira Gladden Jr. for release from State Prison reported adversely; report accepted.

Same Com. on the petition of Samuel Benjamin for release from State Prison, reported adversely ; report accepted.

The order of the daythe incorporation of the new town of Putnam was taken up on motion of Mr. Dorchester.

The act of incorporation was supported by Messrs. Prentis, Buckingham, Lee, Beecher, Ferry and Jennings, and opposed by Messrs. Dorchester, Babcock and Taylor.

An amendment offered by Mr. Taylor was carried by a vote of Yeas 12, Nays 8.

Bill, incorporating the town of Putnam; passed, Yeas 14, Nays 5.

YEAS.-Gridley, Buckingham, Hall, Prentis, Peabody, Hebard, Jennings, Ferry, Lee, Belden, Beecher, Wheaton, Converse, Rose.

NAYS.-Merriman, Forbes, Babcock, Taylor, Dorchester. ABSENT.-Messrs. Alsop and Hough. Senate adjourned until 2 P. M.

Senate met at two.

Afternoon.

Mr. Gridley, from Com. on Finance, reported adversely on the petition of Litchfield County, to empower them to levy a County tax, on the ground that existing laws were sufficient. Report advocated by Mr. Belden, and opposed by Mr. Beecher, and accepted.

Same com. on a bill for the assessment of taxes, reported adversely; report accepted and bill rejected.

Res. appointing Henry L. Park, State Director of Norwich Bank,; referred to Com. on Banks.

Mr. Babcock, from Com. on Education, on the National Exchange with M. Vattemare, reported a resolution thanking M. Vattemare for his skill and industry in effecting the exchanges.

Same com. reported favorably on the petition for the appointment of a committee to settle the boundary line between the school societies of Andover and Columbia. Res. passed appointing such a com.

Mr. Lee moved the reconsideration of the vote on the third Preamble and Resolution reported by the Com. on Federal Relations; laid on the table until next Tuesday.

Mr. Ferry, from Com. on Judiciary, on the bill respecting the property of the Indians, reported favorably; ordered printed.

Same com. on the restoration of Timothy B. Goff to the rights of an elector, reported adversely; report accepted and res. rejected.

Same com. on a bill for the limitation of civil actions, reported favorably; ordered printed.

Same com. on a bill for the regulation of civil actions, reported adversely; report accepted and bill indefinitely postponed.

Mr. Lee, from Com. on Incor. other than Banks, on the increase of a fire company of Stamford, reported favorably, with an amendment.

Same com. on the res. amending the charter of the Connecticut Literary Institution, reported favorably; res. passed.

Mr. Buckingham, from Com. on Claims, reported a resolution appropriating $75 to Phineas B. Crosby of Danbury, for expenses in pursuit of a criminal; res. passed.

Same com. on the petition of some inhabitants of New London, for the remission of a fine, reported adversely; report accepted.

Same Com., on the petition of the town of Seymour for the support of paupers, reported adversely. Report accepted.

Same Com. reported a resolution appropriating $100 to Charles Keeler for expenses in the pursuit of a criminal. Laid on table.

Mr. Ferry offered a resolution authorizing the Com. on Printing to take measures to hasten the printing of the two Houses. Passed.

Mr. Belden, from com. on Banks, reported favorably on an amendment of the charter of the Home Bank of Meriden. Resolution amending the charter laid on the table.

Same com. on a bill in addition to an act relating to Building Associations, reported adversely. The bill forbids them to receive a bonus on loans. Report and bill laid on table.

Same com. reported the acceptance of the report of the Bank Commissioners. Adjourned until 9 o'clock to-morrow.

Saturday Morning, June 2.

Senate assembled at nine.

No quorum being present, Senate adjourned until Tuesday morning at nine o'clock.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Friday Morning, June 1.

House met at nine. Prayer by Rev. Dr. Murdock. The Chair appointed Mr. Gillette a member of the com. on Ledyard Monument, in place of Mr. Foote, absent from illness.

Bill concerning the distribution of school money -referred to com. on Education.

Resolution appointing Samuel S. Robbins State Director of the Iron Bank; referred to com. on Banks.

Report of Commissioners of Fairfield County Savings Bank and Building Association; referred. Bill relating to registration of births, marriages end deaths; referred to com. on Judiciary.

Report of Com. on Judiciary with ́accompanying Bill in addition to an act concerning the domestic relations-Bill passed and report accepted.

Report of Com. on Education in favor of res. defining the boundaries of Beaver Brook School District of Danbury; res. passed and report accepted.

Report of Com. on Judiciary in favor of House Bill No. 53, in alteration of an act for the regulation of civil actions; Bill passed and report accepted.

Report of same Com. adverse to Senate Bill No. 2, with substitute therefor, relating to idiots, luna

tics and spendthrifts; laid on table, afterwards called up, substitute amended and as amended passed, and report accepted.

Report of same Com. adverse to bill relating to salaries and fees of town clerks, with substitute therefor; substitute passed and report accepted.

THE NORWICH GAS CONTROVERSY.-The order of the day was then called for, being the consideration of the war between the Norwich Gas Companies. The majority report of the com. on incorporations other than banks on the petitions of the two Gas Companies, in favor of the petition of the Norwich Gas Co., and adverse to the petition of the Norwich City Gas Co., with accompanying resolution amending the charter of the Norwich Gas Light Co., giving them the exclusive right to the manufacture of gas for the city of Norwich. Also a minority report of a minority of said committee with resolution in favor of granting to the Norwich City Gas Co. equal rights in the manufacture of gas for said city. The consideration of the majority report being before the House,

Mr. Spencer, chairman of the com. said in 1848 Mr. Treadway began the manufacture of oil gas in Norwich, and laid down his pipes on his own individual responsibility, without the license of the city government, though with the approval of the May

or.

In May, 1851, the citizens of Norwich petitioned the Common Council for an exclusive license to manufacture coal gas and lay pipes therefore.— The application was granted, giving the exclusive right to him (Treadway) for 15 years; thereupon he expended $12,000 or $13,000. He soon changed from oil to coal gas. Numerous complaints however, arose as to the quality of the gas, that it escaped from the pipes, became a nuisance, killed trees, &c.; prosecutions were commenced. These annoyances arose from inexperience, limited means, small size of the gasometer, and other causes. A loss of confidence was the result. Mr. Treadway began to make preparations to build a new gasometer; he also applied for a charter to the last legislature, as well as those opposed to him. The petitions of both parties were heard by the com. who granted the prayer of the Treadway petition, and continued the Ballou or opposition petition to this General Assembly, giving the first opportunity to the Treadway company to construct their works.They thought that Mr. Treadway had an equitable right to the precedence on account of his priority and the money he had expended, A charter therefore, was granted to his Co. The Ballou party were much dissatisfied, and immediately resolved to form a joint stock company. The articles of association were accordingly drawn up, the subscription commenced, and the organization soon completed.The chartered company organized ten days earlier. The capital stock of the chartered company was $90,000 of the joint stock company $60,000. The stockholders of the latter company were the most important gas consumers. Both companies soon made their contracts for their works; both contractors have substantially completed their contracts, and both companies are now in operation, and each can supply a quantity of gas more than sufficient for Hartford city.

The old Co., on the 25th of Sept., 1854, brought a petition to the Superior Court of N. London county for an injunction against the new Co., claiming that they had an exclusive right to lay pipes in the streets, that detriment would accrue to thei works by the laying of new pipes by the side of theirs-and that the works of the joint stock com pany would be a public nuisance. Judge Storrs refused to grant the petition for the injunction on the ground that their charter did not give them an exclusive right, and the detriment to their works was slight and not irreparable. He did not decide, however, that the joint stock company had a right to lay their pipes. The question of the exclusive right of the chartered company is now pending before the Supreme Court of Errors. The Common Council had since granted a license to the joint stock Co. to lay pipes, &c., having previously revoked the license of the chartered Co. Collisions in some cases took place, bugles blown, and bloody noses at times. The joint stock Co. had persisted in laying pipes against the wishes of the owners of the land, in some instances. The tactics of the chartered Co. had been fair; efforts had been made to compromise. In the first place, on the day of

the organization of the joint stock Co., Mr. Perkins offered to give assurances that the chartered Co. would make as good gas as was manufactured in the State. He afterwards had an interview with a Mr. Osgood, offering, on the part of the chartered Co., to come under a bond of $60,000 to that effect. Another effort was made to compromise on the day when the license of the chartered Co. was revoked. The Common Council appointed a com. of mediation; the proposition was made that the property of the two Co's should be sold at auction and the avails divided in proportion to their interests. This was not accepted by the chartered Co., who made a proposition that the whole matter should be submitted to arbitration. This was not accepted by the joint stock Co. He (Mr. Spencer) thought the censure for failure in these negotiations should fall on the joint stock Co. Now the chartered Co. ask this Legislature for the right to lay down their pipes in the streets, the right of the owners to the contrary notwithstanding; the joint stock Co. ask the same privilege. He thought the chartered Co. had this right already, it in effect being already in their charter. They further ask the exclusive right against the joint stock Co.; the latter Co. ask that they be put upon the same footing as the chartered Ca. Upon the decision of this question depends the fate of one of these companies. The com. decided that the chartered Co. be empowered to take land for their use; they also decided that the joint stock Co. should not have this favor, and furthermore decided that the chartered Co. should have an excluaire right to do this against the joint stock Co. and every other Co. not chartered by the General Assembly; they thought this was the intention of the Legislature in granting their charter.

Mr. Palmer, of Stonington, on the part of the minority, thought this matter had been brought before the notice of the Legislature at too early a stage of the proceedings, and moved that the further consideration of this subject be postponed to Wednesday morning, at 9 o'clock.

Mr. Perkins said this day had been agreed upon Ly the parties, and hoped the matter would be decided to-day.

Mr. Park thought a question of such importance should not be acted upon hastily; he thought the postponement ought to be granted.

Mr. Perkins replied, stating that delay was what the Co. represented by the gentleman wanted, to lay down their pipes. Motion lost.

Mr. Downs, of Derby, said that at the time of granting the charter to the chartered Co. last year, by the Legislature, the equities of the case were in their favor. That Co. had not since failed to fulfil any condition of their charter, and consequently had lost none of their prior equitias Subsequent

iatures were bound in good faith to carry out that kind of legislation which had invited the inrestment of property. Companies under the joint ock law have no more powers than private indi

als; the law allows association and organizats, but grants no additional powers. There must be a great sacrifice in one of these companies.

Mr. Park moved to amend the res. by striking at the second section, giving the exclusive right to the chartered Co. to lay down their pipes rough the streets, &c. He said the proposed ra was retroactive in its operation and would sweep ar the property of persons invested under the of the State. What injury had the joint stock done to the chartered Co. ? What right had ey infringed, that they should be complained inst? The right of the joint stock Co. to dig the streets and lay down pipes was a matter been the Co. and those using the streets. The injury complained of was a mere technical

; the chartered company had no reason to dain, unless that company could show that e of their rights conferred in their charter had infringed by the joint stock company. They no right to complain; the Legislature had no to give construction to a law and to dispose perty invested under that law. It was the er of the Supreme Court to do this-to say her a law was unconstitutional or not. The al power of the State had spoken in regard to hts of the chartered company. He read adge Storrs' opinion in opposition to the exsheright of the chartered company. The chargranted as a favor-it was merely a license

to lay down their pipes, but gave them no exclusive power.

The question as to what the Legislature of last year intended to grant in the charter should be decided by the courts, and was not properly before us now; it is to be supposed that every thing intended to be granted, is granted in full. The Judiciary had decided this question. The complaint that the public had been incommoded by the digging up of the streets was a mere bugbear. The manufacture of Gas differed from the manufacture of other merchandize, simply in the mode of conveyance of the manufactured article; it must be carried in pipes to the purchaser, that is the only difference. Every portion of the business could be carried on under the joint stock law. The city had given them a license, private individuals had deeded the right of laying their pipes, in all but two or three instances where members of the chartered companies owned the land; where then was a right infringed. The public was out of the way, as the city had granted a license, and private individuals were out of the way as they had with one or two exceptions granted the license, and the chartered company was out of the way, as the supreme judicial power had decided that they had no exclusive rights as against the joint stock company. The Legislature was as much bound to protect the interests of the joint stock company, whose powers were received indirectly from the legislature, as to protect the chartered company whose powers were directly received.

Adjourned to two o'clock this afternoon.

House met at two.

Afternoon.

The report of Com. on New Towns and Probate Districts, in favor of petition for new town to be called Putnam was made the order of the day for Thursday nex', at 9 o'clock.

The motion that the House visit the. State Reform School on Tuesday afternoon next, was reconsidered and laid on the table.

Mr. Park resumed the floor on the consideration of the Norwich Gas case. The joint stock Co. was a legally organized Company under the joint stock law of this State; rights had accrued under that law, and the legislature could not disturb these vested rights. This Legislature should not destroy property to assist a monopoly. Under the Constitution, the Legislature has no right to create a monopoly for the manufacture of gas; monopoly for a limited time can be created with no more reason than one that is perpetual. The intent with which a thing is done is all essential to be considered; the intent with which the proposed resolution givos an exclusive right to the chartered Co. is to aid a monopoly, and therefore unjust and unconstitutional. The Legislature has no right to say to one man you may do this, and to another you shall not do this; it must treat all alike. The principle is the same in regard to the joint stock Co., which is an association of private individuals. True, it was in competition with Mr. Treadway's Co., but what line of business existed in which there was no competition? Industry, enterprise and manufactures ought to be impartially encouraged and fostered by the Legislature, and not one particular Co. to the detriment of another. The joint stock law authorized men to invest their property in joint stock companies, and they had a right to suppose that their property so invested under the law would be protected by that law. The gas made by the chartered Co. had been a public nuisance to the inhabitants of Norwich; it escaped from the pipes, killed the trees, &c. The Common Council of Norwich had granted the chartered Co. the exclusive right to manufacture gas for fifteen years; the right to grant this for fifteen years, implied the right to grant it forever,—an abuse of power which could not be entertained. The right amounted to no more than a license, and Mr. Treadway knew it, or was bound to know it.

Mr. Perkins moved the postponement of the further consideration of the order of the day to Tuesday next, at 11 o'clock; motion carried.

Petition of Edwin Hall and others of Guilford, for an Academic School; referred.

Report of Connecticut Savings Bank; referred. Bill regulating the hours of labor; referred to com. on that subject.

Report of Commissioners on the Hartford and New Haven Railroad; referred to com. on railroads. Report of Com. on Incor. other than Banks, in favor of the report of the Saybrook Marine Ins. Co.; report accepted.

Res. incorporating the Centre School District of Danbury; referred.

Report of Com. on Judiciary adverse to bill amending the Charter of the City of Hartford; bill rejected and report accepted.

Report of Com, on Ledyard Monument in favor of it. Petition of Henry P. Haven, with res. making an appropriation of $500 for completing the Ledyard Monument, provided the like sum shall be raised by private subscription. Mr. Hewitt explained the reasons which actuated the com. in their decision; res. passed and report accepted.

Report of Com. on Judiciary adverse to House Bill No. 71 in relation to Turnpike Companies; laid on table.

Report of Com. on Education approving the report of com. appointed last year to compile, publish and distribute the laws relating to Common Schools, School Districts and Societies, with res. allowing $100 to said com. for expenses and services; res. passed and report accepted.

Report of Com. on Judiciary adverse to House Bill No. 66, concerning sheriffs and constables; bill rejected and report accepted.

Res. appointing Aaron B. Hull, State director of the Danbury Bank; referred to com. on Banks.

Report of com. on Judiciary adverse to bill relating to courts; bill rejected and report accepted. Report of same com. in favor of petition of Wm. W. Ellsworth, with accompanying res. appointing Henry White of New Haven, attorney for Louisa Webster; laid on table.

Report of com. on Banks adverse to bill in addition to an act authorizing the business of banking; bill rejected and report accepted.

Senate bill No. 21, in addition to, and alteration of an act for the assessment and collection of taxes; ref. to com. on Finance.

Report of com. on Judiciary in favor of petition of Bethel H. Palmer, with res. authorizing the Judge of Probate of Greenwich to take probate of a will; laid on table.

Report of same com. with substitute relating to the General Assembly, in regard to applications for release of convicts from State Prison, came from Senate amended; House concurred in amendment and passage of the substitute, and report accepted.

Report of same com. on the petition of James Griswold for law prohibiting obstructions in certain streams of water, reported that it was a subject for the regulation of the towns; report accepted and petitioner had loave to withdraw.

Report of com. on Agriculture in favor of petitions of sundry persons for an act restraining cattle from running at large, with bill to that effect, came from Senate amended. House concurred in amendment and passage of bill, and acceptance of report.

Res. that the further printing of the daily journal of the House be dispensed with; withdrawn. Joint res. fixing Saturday the 16th inst., the day for the adjournment of the General Assembly; laid on table.

Adjourned to Monday next at 2 o'clock, P. M. Monday Afternoon, June 4. House assembled at two. Prayer by Rev. Mr. Turner.

Report of Com. on Judiciary on the res. providing for the disposition of the new edition of the revised statutes, came from the Senate amended; Afterward called up, the bill further amended, and as amended passed and report accepted.

Mr. Root introduced a bill concerning education, requiring school districts to raise a one per cent tax for school purposes, books, &c.; referred to Com. on Education.

Bill concerning idiots, lunatics and spendthrifts, came from Senate passed. House concurred in passage of bill and report of com.

Com. on Judiciary reported a substitute for House bill No. 33, regarding the execution of deeds, validating them when executed without seals; substitute passed and report accepted.

Joint res. authorizing the Superintendent of Common Schools to prepare, publish and distribute educational tracts; referred to Com. on Education. Bill relating to salaries and fees of justices of the