Some philosophers are of opinion, that the heat of the portion of water which escapes, is of itself sufficient to maintain the steam at that high degree of heat and elasticity with which it reaches the piston; and, consequently, that this engine is nothing more than a High Pressure Engine. Other persons, however, have supposed, and we confess we are among that number, that the portion of water which escapes, must necessarily carry off à quantity of heat from the adjoining stratum (the temperature of which may be thus reduced below the freezing point.)But it is more likely, that, in virtue of some new law of the transmission of Leat under the combined conditions of elevated temperature and high pressure, while the water, also, is forced to remain in contact with the red hot generator, the whole water in the boiler may be laid under requisition to furnish the discharged fluid with its necessary supply of caloric. It is almost unnecessary to state, that the motion of the engine is produced by the difference in elasticity between the steam pressing on one side of the piston and that pressing on the other. In the first case, the steam recently produced, acts with a force, say of 500lb. on the square inch, while that on the weak side, or that communicating with the condenser, acts with only 70, the difference, or 430lb. being the true power gained. When there is a surplus of water in the generator, occasioned either by working the forcing pump too violently, or by too vehement a heat, the water will escape by the tube m with a valve above, loaded with 37 atmospheres, and will pass by the pipe 5, 5, 5, into the condenser STXV. In order to explain the ingenious manner in which the pipe 4, 4, 4 supplies the generator with water, we must observe that this pipe communicates with the pump L, which is wrought by the engine. This pump draws the water by the pipe 6, 6, 6, from the condenser STXV, and returns it by the pipe 4, 4, 4; that is to say, when the handle M is drawn up, the water rushes into the cylinder of the forcing pump, through a valve in the pipe 6, 6, 6, opening into that cylinder: This valve, of course, instantly closes when the downward stroke of the pump is made, and the water now escapes through a valve opening outwards, along 4, 4, 4; thus effectually cutting off all direct or uninterrupted communication between the generator and the condenser. In order to keep the water in the condenser at a pressure of five atmospheres, the blast of the bellows H goes round the condenser STXV; but, when it is not sufficient for this purpose, cold water is introduced from the reservoir Z, by means of the pipe 7, 7, 7, loaded with five atmospheres. the space occupied by the engine is not greater than 6 feet ON THE APPLICATION OF MR. PERKINS'S PILINCIPLE TO STEAM- Great as the invention is which we have now described, CHICKENS HATCHED BY STEAM. A man of respectable appearance (who stated that had travelled through various nations, for the exp purpose of ascertaining the most effectual way of hatch eggs without the assistance of the bird) appeared bet the Lord Mayor, a few days ago, for the purpose making an affidavit of a discovery of an infallible m of producing chickens from eggs, without waiting for delays of nature! The chicken-hatcher said, his invent had excited the astonishment of several noblemen, gen men, and ladies, who were present while he was hatchin and that he could bring geese to perfection, as well as du and hens. He also stated that his labour in bringing invention to maturity, had been very great. The chick hatcher then declared that he had constructed a mac for the eggs, and, by the judicious application of ste contrived to fulfil the ends of nature, to the surprise of who watched the progress of animation in the egg. W first he advanced in his labours with the engine, he obliged to sit up 30 days and 30 nights, to turn the e lest the birds should be deformed; but now he had brou the thing to such perfection, that he was not obliged to up one night for a brood of 1000 chickens, and they peared in a more unexceptionable character than if brou up under the care of their mothers. The fowls w sprung out of the steam had the extraordinary facult laying at all seasons; whereas those to which nature the handmaid were not at all to be prevailed upon, ex at stated periods, to supply the delicacy.-The Lord M then signed an affidavit stating the power of the invent and the chicken-hatcher departed. London paper. MAGNETISM. Much has Solomon said, long ago, that there was nothing under the sun. The fact is, that the great discovery the above-mentioned projector lays claim to, is of ver mote date indeed. The only difference in the ancient modern process is, that steam is now recommende perform the office of the Egyptian ovens, in which chic were produced in the distant ages of which we sp We shall resume this subject more at large next Perkins has made a discovery that seems, in its practical a variety of applications of heat have been resorted Since these great improvements have been effected, Mr. when we shall show that artificial warmth, electricity, importance to surpass them all. He now entirely dis-order to supersede the animal heat of the motherpenses with the use of the condenser, and works the engine Kal against the atmosphere alone; and by methods with which prudent for him to disclose at present, he is enabled to we are not acquainted, and which indeed it would not be arrest the heat after it has performed its mechanical funcFrom the high clasticity of the steam employed in this tions, and actually pump it back to the generator, to unite engine, it has been supposed to be very liable to explosion. with a fresh portion of water, and renew its useful labours. This, however, is a vulgar error. Since there is no reservoir of steam exposing a large surface to its expansive must still be lost, but the wonder is that any should be In an operation like this, a considerable portion of the heat force, as in the common high pressure engines, the steam saved; and we venture to say, that the most sanguine spebeing generated only in sufficient quantity to produce each culator on the omnipotence of the steam-engine never succeeding stroke of the piston, the ordinary source of dared even to imagine the possibility of such an invention. danger is entirely removed. But, in order to take away all apprehensions on that subject, the induction pipe 2,2,2, we are exposing ourselves to the criticisms of those whose We are well aware, that, in announcing this discovery, in which the steam is actually generated, is made so strong belief is naturally limited by their own experience; but as to sustain an internal force of four thousand pounds on it is satisfactory to know, that Captain Basil Hall (whose the square inch, which is eight times more powerful than account of Mr. Perkins's discoveries and inventions, as the actual pressure, viz. 500 pounds on the square inch, delivered before the Royal Society of Edinburgh, gave with which the engine works. This enormous super-such universal satisfaction) has been entrusted with Mr. abundance of strength is still farther secured by means of Perkins's discovery, and that he speaks confidently of the the safety-pipe 8, 8. S. provided with a thin copper soundness of its principles, as well as the practicability of safety-bulb" a b, which is made so as to burst at a pres- its application. sure of 1000 pounds on the square inch. In order to sa. tisfy his friends on this very important point, Mr. Perkins has repeatedly urged the power of the steam to such a degree as to burst the copper bulb in their presence. This tube merely rends, or is torn asunder like a piece of paper, and occasions no injury either to the spectators, or to the apparatus; so that we have no hesitation in considering this engine, notwithstanding its tremendous energies, as much more safe in its operations than even the common low pressure engine. We cannot quit this subject without congratulating the country on the brilliant prospects with which these inventions promise to invest all our national concerns. At any period of the history of British industry, they must have excited the highest expectations; but, originating as they have done, when our commerce, our manufactures, and our agriculture, the three stars of our national prosperity, have just passed the lowest point of their orbit, and quitted, we trust for long, the scene of their disturbing forces, we cannot but hail them with the liveliest enthuThe safety tube 8, 8, 8, communicates also with the in-siasm, and regard them as contributing, to ensure the predicator cd, having a dial-plate ce; and an index e f eminence of our industry, to augment the wealth and which, by means of a suitable contrivance at P, 7, indi. resources of the nation, and, by giving employment to cates the pressure or number of atmospheres with which idle hands, and direction to idle minds, to secure the intethe engine is working. grity and the permanence of our national institutions. The cylinder and piston PPQ, bave been separated from the rest of the engine, for the sake of distinctness. Their proper position, however, will be understood by supposing the two lines 9, 9; 99 to coincide. The engine which we have now described, is at present performing actual work in Mr. Perkin's manufactory. It is calculated as equal to a ten-horse power, through the cylinder is no more than 2 inches in diameter, and 18 inches long, with a stroke of only 12 inches. Although direct experiment, whereas the new engine, with all its great It is due to the truth and candour of philosophical his Royal Society, Edinburgh.-A paper was read subject of which the world is more ignorant than of that has been submitted for many years to philosoph vestigation-we mean on magnetism. discovered on this subject, but more remains behind we are much deceived if the paper we heard on M detailed a series of experiments with respect to the will not open a field for inquiry, almost new. The of heated antimony and the magnetic needle. A fixed a strip of copper; a needle was placed on the antimony was procured, near each extremity of whic which was then stationed so as to coincide with the netic pole. The south end of the antimony bar wa heated, and the magnetic needle was then found to many degrees to the east. On heating the north the bar the needle deviated many degrees to the Other experiments were then tried, showing the fi the needle produced by other metals unequally heat modes nearly similar to what we have stated. Zine. and copper, all affected the needle when thus t Copper and zine were then united (in one exper by twisting them together at one end, in another them round) and the united ends were placed in a of water, the needle being fixed on one of the mets of the water. On adding sulphuric acid to the great deviation was observed in the needle: on nitric acid, a different and greater deviation was pr We abstain from mentioning the number of de deviation, fearing that we may have unfortunatel to remember them precisely; but these resul firm a theory which had long since occurred to us ing the existence of a connection between light, he tricity, and magnetism. The connection of lig magnetism has been lately demonstrated by the nication of magnetic power to a bar of iron, thro by a prism, and the experiments we have just m medium of the viclet shade separated from a ray show an extraordinary connection between heat a tricity (or galvanism) and magnetism. It appea that experiments on these four imponderable mat ducted on a large scaler and with a view to di might produce results of the utmost importance kind.-Edinburgh Literary Gazette. The Bouquet. "I have here only made a nosegay of culled flowers, and have brought nothing of my own but the thread that ties them." REVIVIANA. MONTAIGNE. in his Lungs. And the onely thing he has made in it himself, is the Faces. He takes on against the Pope without mercy, and hath a jest still in Lavender for Bellarmine. Yet he preaches heresie if it com's in his way, though with a mind, I must needs say, very Orthodoxe. His Action is all Passion, and his speech interjections. He hath an excellent faculty in bemoaning the people, and Under this head we purpose from time to time to revive spits with a very good grace. His stile is compounded of works of merit, which are either extremely rare or entirely twenty severall mens, only his body imitates some extraout of print; and we solicit assistance in this department, ordinary. He will not draw his handercher out of his which may be rendered valuable and interesting. The place, nor blow his Nose without discretion. His comlittle work with which we now commence our series abounds mendation is, that he never looks upon Book, and indeed with wit, satire, and a deep insight of human nature. It he was never used to it. He preaches but once a year, consists of 78 chapters, comprehended in 276 pages; the though twice a Sunday; for the stuffe is still the same, whale of which it is our intention to introduce in our present onely the dressing a little altered. He hath more tricks volume, with the exception of certain passages, less allow-with a Sermon, then a Taylor with an old Cloak to turn able in our times than when the work was originally pro-it, and piece it, and at last quite disguise it with a new duced-Edit. Kel. preface. If he have waded further in his profession, and would shew reading of his own, his Authors are Postills, and his School-divinity a Catechisme. His fashion, and demure habit gets him in with some Town precisian, and makes him a guest on Friday-nights. You shall know him by his narrow Velvet cape, and Serge facing, and his ruffe, next his hair, the shortest thing about him. The companion of his walk is some zealous Tradesman, whom he astonisheth with strange points, which they both understand alike. His friends and much painfulness may prefer him to thirty pounds a year, and this means to a Chamber-maid: with whom we leave him now in the bonds of Wedlock. Next Sunday you shall have him again. (To be continued.) MICRO-COSMOGRAPHIE; or, a Piece of the WORLD DISCOVERED; in ESSAYES, and CHARACTERS. By DR. JNo. EARLE. The Eighth Edition. London, Printed by R. D. for P. C. 1664. Fine Arts. INCE BLUNDELL. TO THE EDITOR. 1. A CHILD is a Man in a small Letter, yet the best Copy of Adam before he tasted of Eve or the Apple; and, Te is happy, whose small practice in the world can onely write his Character. He is natures fresh picture newly drawn in Oyl, which time and much handling dims and defaces. His soul is yet a white paper unscribled with observations of the world, wherewith at length it becomes a blurr'd Note-book. He is purely happy, because he knows no evil, nor hath made means, by sin, to be acquainted with misery. He arrives not at the mischief of being wise, nor endures evils to come by foreseeing them. He kisses and loves all, and, when the smart of the rod is past, smiles on his bearer. Nature and his Parents alike dandle him, and tice him on, with a bait of Sugar, to a draught of Wormwood. He plays yet like a young Prentice the first day, and is not come to his task of melancholy. All the language he speaks yet is Tears, and they wave him well enough to expresse his necessity. His badest labour is his tongue, as if he were loth to use so deceitful an Organ; and he is best company with it, when le can but prattle. We laugh at his foolish sports, but his ane is our carnest: and his Drums, Rattles and Hobbybones, but the Emblemes, and mockings of mens busiAsse. His Father hath writ him as his own little story, herein be reads those dayes of his life that he cannot remember; and sighes to see what innocence he hath out-sideration the extent and variety of the subjects; but if ired. The elder he grows, he is a staire lower from God; simply mentioning the principal statues, without much and like his first father, much worse in his Breeches. He comment, be worthy your farther notice, I shall think the Christians example, and the old mans relapse: The my trouble well repaid. imitates his purenesse, and the other falls into his simplaty. Could he put off his body with his little Coat, he got eternity without a burthen, and exchang'd but Heaven for another. take a rapid stride towards the zenith of the art: yet here we are not entirely free from the trammels of Egyptian formality, though in the lightly-cast drapery of this figure we see evident signs of a struggle against former constraint. The artist has, no doubt, improved upon an Egyptian model. That potent goddess of the Egyptians, Isis, from the simplicity in the style of sculpture, forms a part of the attractions of this collection. She bears the cistrum (an instrument of music used in rejoicing at the festivals of the overflowing of the Nile) in one hand, in the other she has a water vessel, perhaps emblematic of the same river. If I were to trace through their various peculiarities the many statues which continue the chain of progress, from the crude Egyptian to the refined and more elaborately-finished Grecian works, I should become tedious; suffice it, therefore, to say, that, to the connoisseur, the connecting link is discernable without difficulty. I shall, therefore, pass on to those statues which are more particu larly pleasing to the general observer. A spirited statue of the Venus Victrix, so called from the small figure of Victory which she holds in one hand while with the other she supports a spear, is one of these. The graceful attitude of this statue and the excellence of the sculpture render it extremely interesting.-The Priestess of Bacchus, in the act of playing on the crotalos (a kind of cymbal which she has attached to her hands) might form a companion to the last in elegance and ease of appearance: it is deservedly ranked amongst the better productions in this collection.-The beauty and lightness in the drapery of the statue, called Julia Pia should not be passed over, as it bears evident signs of a masterly hand. I should rather be inclined to think this statue represented the celestial muse, Urania, from the globe and stylus which she bears, allusive to the care she ex tended over the heavenly bodies. There is a degree of boldness of design and manly beauty in the striking figure of Esculapius. The statues of Mercury and Apollo are numerous, and, in general, possess much of the beauty and elegance which were the characteristics of those deities. One of the latter, in particular, combines the gracefulness and commanding grandeur which ever mark the statues of this god. He is represented as extremely youthful, but with a dignified and contemplative expression of countenance, flowing hair, and beautifully-proportioned limbs. SIR,-It would be vain to attempt to find out the beauties of a small portion of the works of art, contained in the collection at Ince Blundell, in a single visit. I have had the good fortune to view that delightful place several times, and always with increased pleasure, having each visit discovered treasures which I had not previously thought of, and I am yet but partially acquainted with There are several interesting infantine figures: the best its rarities. To give a description adequate to the merits of which are a "Virtumnus, an "Amorind,” and a of the colection would, I am aware, be beyond the abilities spirited little "jeune Mercure," remarkable for its chaof any person not residing on the spot, taking into con-racteristic, arch, and selfish expression.-I observed a pretty group of a boy and swan, and one of a young Bachante and goat, which cannot fail to attract universal observation. The subject is a boy in the act of tantalizing a goat: he holds a bunch of grapes in each hand, which the goat seems to await in anxious expectation. group is justly celebrated for its beauty and simplicity : it is sculptured in all the playful elegance of Grecian taste; the fleshyness of the boy, the smiling expression of face, and the strict attention to nature, observable in every part, are acknowledged, and it is pronounced to be one of the finest specimens in the collection, although, perhaps, it does not rank in the same class of art as the satyr and hermaphrodite. I left off in my last with an account of one of the basreliefs, not having then any idea of a second communication. It will be necessary now to return to those works of greater consequence to the admirer of stulpture, the 2. A YOUNG BAW PREACHER is a Bird not yet fledg'd, statues; many, in fact all, of which, are well worthy the that hath hopt out of his nest to be cherping on a hedge, strictest attention; particularly as from them may be And will be stragling abroad at what peril soever. His formed an interesting series illustrating the progress of kwardnesse in the University hath set him thus for- sculpture from the early Egyptians (with whom the art ard; for had he not truanted there, he had not been is said to have originated) to the most renowned period aya Divine. His small standing and time hath made of Grecian excellence. The earliest statues in the collecIn a proficient only in boldnesse, out of which and his tion appear to be the two Egyptian idols, carved in Tele-book he is furnisht for a preacher. His collections granite, in all the rude stiffness so remarkable in early of Study are the Notes of Sermons, which, taken up at productions of that country: they are supposed to repreint Mary's he utters in the Countrey. And if he write sent male and female, with excessive rarity for their only achygraphy, his stock is so much the better. His writing merit. Another statue, for the name of which I am at a Imore than his reading; for he reads only what he gets loss, is evidently the work of a Grecian artist, soon after ithout book. Thus accomplisht he comes down to his the art had been communicated to the Greeks by the hends, and his first salutation is Grace and Peace out of Egyptians. The figure partakes of the stiffness of the e Pulpit. His prayer is conceited, and no man remem- foregoing two, but with greater attention to the finish and ters his Colledge more at large. The peace of his Ser-expression of the anatomical parts, for which the Grecians Ron is a full careere, and he runs wildly over hill and are justly distinguished. Jale, till the clock stop him. The labour of it is chiefly In the statue of the "Spes Etrusca," as it is called, we This I have attempted to describe a few only of the numerous statues which the munificence of the father of the present proprietor has accumulated, which, with the head of the Indian Bacchus, and other considerable additions lately made, form a most extensive and valuable collection, and is a bright ornament to the county of Lancaster. Should what I have said be worthy your consideration, I may, at some future period, trouble you with a few remarks on the most admired bas-reliefs and sarcophagi— which last form a striking feature in this collection, an much for their firm state of preservation as for their great antiquity.-Yours, ZURRO. June 27. Poetry. SONNET. Farewell, thou sacred gift of her, the one Whose form of symmetry had power to move Me, till then, callous to the arts of love! (Would that herself like thee were all mine own!) When late the mutual farewell had pass'd Between myself and Gertrude of the Lune(Oh though we cannot meet each other soon, Heav'n grant that parting may not be the last!) By duty called, I could not but comply, Hurried along from her I loved so well; On thee, her gift, how did my senses dwell, In deep yet innocent idolatry! Oh fare thee well!-though many miles shall sever Gertrude from me, my heart is with her ever! LEIGH WALDEGRAVE. SONNET. Perhaps 'twere better never to have known That there had been primeval happiness, Time was, when man was blest with every bliss; Oh may I fill my duties as I ought, And then, if thou, my lovely one! art mine; To live is heaven, and I will not repine! Was England's Richard made his brother's foe; To thee and Cromwell, Charles's death we owe! No! by a nobler sense my bosom's fired; Thou, gentler goddess! unto thee I turn; Oh! let thy flame within me ever burn. Liverpool. LEIGH WALDEGRAVE. SONNET. Lov'st thou the freshness of the flowery fields, The wood's sweet gloom, the mountain's pathless height, O'er meadow, rock, and stream,-or wood that shields TO KEZIA. Oft as thine eye shall fondly trace Oh! think of me. When pleasure sparkles in thine eye, And every scene is fair to see; When swift the happy moments fly, Oh think of me. Thy life, thy bliss, may Heaven defend; But shouldst thou, by its stern decree, E'er want a fond, a faithful friend,. Oh! think of me. TO THE EDITOR. C. W. G. SIR,-A friend of mine, to whom I am much indebted for the assistance he has rendered me in gathering epitaphs, lent me last week an old volume of extracts. As I was taking a slight view of the contents, the following attracted my notice, and, if you deem it worthy of insertion, I shall be proud to see it in a corner of your valuable miscellany Should this be the case, you shall hear further in this department.-Yours, AUGUSTUS. Leeds, June 27, 1823. AGAINST LIFE [FROM THE GREEK of PosIDIPPUS.] There discord reigns, and endless jar; To till the fields gives toil and pain, FOR LIFE [FROM THE GREEK OF METRODORUS.] All beauteous nature decks the plain, More joys the bands of Hymen give, Since all is good then, who would cry, "I'd never live, or quickly die?" Chit Chat. LORD BYRON AND THE AUTHOR OF WAVERLEY We extract the following sketch of the contrasted c racters of the works of the Author of Waverley, and Lord Byron, from Warner's Illustrations of the Nove by the former, as deserving the attention of our readers: "Our author's claims to mastership in his art, are n however, founded exclusively on the excellences to wh we have hitherto adverted: the great charm of his w (as it has been well observed) is derived from the kind of heart, the capacity of generous emotions, and the lig of native taste which he ascribes so lavishly, and, at same time, with such an air of truth and familiarity, et to the humblest of its favourites. There is no keen or co blooded satire-no bitterness of heart, or fierceness resentment, in any part of his writings.' The eulog deserved to a great extent: for they are, with only exception, the very transcripts of an amiable, kind, benevolent mind; and display a curious and most strik contrast with the spirit and feeling, the colouring and e racter, of the equally extraordinary productions of only British counpeer in stretch of genius and power thought. The world of the Author of Waverley,' = all its physical and moral imperfections, is, what it originally pronounced to be, very good;' illuminated many a gleam of sunshine to gladden the heart, and many spots of green to delight the eye of man; while inhabitant, though a weak, an erring, and a way being, has still his capacities of goodness and his rede ing virtues, the vestiges of that divine image in which was at first created. The world of Childe Harola's' p on the contrary, is little better than the primæval cha wrapped in palpable darkness, and composed of jar and repulsive principles, and the human heart is a of defecated evil,' swelling with the leaven of fi passion, dissocial feeling, and malignant selfishness. moral effect likely to be produced by these opposite racters of two of the most popular of our present wri is sufficiently obvious. While the latter is scatte around him the seeds of sullen discontent, with all th good, and great, and fair, in the heavens above and the earth beneath, and severing the knot which binds (more worthily employed) is inspiring gratitude for to man, in confidence, affection, and esteem; the for blessings and beauties by which our nature is surroun and cheerfulness in the perception and enjoyment of th and riveting and polishing every link in the common c of sympathy and benevolence." WHALES. [From the Constitution or Cork Morning Post, of June 23 We have been favoured with the following let describing a novel spectacle which was witnessed on Th day last in the bay of Ring, between Youghal and Ca island. The first from a gentleman who resides near place, dated Thursday night, is as follows: "On this day about the time of high water, a novel was witnessed here by the arrival in the Bay of a number of poises; they were seen first coming in regular order, am informed no regiment could keep a more exact line. hearing the circumstance I went to the beach, and there seven or eight boats, with men, women and children, their necks in water endeavouring to drag to the shore immense monsters of the deep. "On their being seen coming into the bay, the fishermen all expedition with their boats, and having got outside drove them in on the long flat sand where all sizes, all and all sexes proved their enemy. It is said not one of escaped. No less than 42 have been taken and secured largest of which is over 20 feet long and as round as a sized bullock, the blubber on the poll is over a foot in t ness, and they will yield an immensity of oil, if the poor p can procure casks to make the most of this GOD-SEND. informed that some of the fishermen jumped on their b and notwithstanding the tremendous splashing with tails, maintained their seats, and with hatchets continued to admin ster deep and deadly wounds, until the foe lay prostrate. The water was crimsoned as far as the eye could reach. I presume you will say the battle was little short of Waterloo there some of the enemy escaped, but here none was permitted so to do." The following is from a gentleman who went from Youghal as a spectator : "In the course of Thursday, 42 large animals, of the whale species, appeared between Youghal and Cable-Island, near Engelsdoon, from whence the people manned their boats, and having driven them into shallow water and killed one, the entire were easily taken. Being gregarious, they closed round the dead one, attracted by its blood, and remained outd anally despatched at leisure. I have just returned from the spot, where they are lying on the beach, some of them 30 feet in length, after being divested of their outside coat of thick fat, which the people are preparing to extract oil from." A Novelty Ship-launching is familiar to most people living on the sea board, in all countries; but houselaun hing is a new discovery in the present age of inventin. Yet the curious who will take the trouble, may be gratified by stepping into Maiden-lane, and they will there see a large three-story brick building, chimneys all standing, placed on ways, and already removed a considerable distance from its old foundation, without yet having sustained a crack or rent of any kind.-American paper. The late Lord Salisbury made the following impromptu ta fly on a lady's lip: "Oh happy, happy, happy fly! And you would be Lord Salisbury." A thriving Trade.—A cabinet-maker, living in the county of Lacaster, not 100 miles from the populous vil. lage of Ashton-within-Mackerfield, was invited to the funeral of a relative who lately died in Cheshire. The cabinet-maker's wife said he could not possibly attend, for he was busy making a coffin; but desired the messenger to give their (e. her husband's and her own) respects to the relatives of the deceased, and to tell them they were doing very well, as they had always five or six coffins a week to make. Rubens displayed an ingenious satire in a picture in the Dusseldorf collection. He represented himself as Diogenes searching for an honest man amidst a crowd of the portraits of his friends. Turkish Love of Literature!-The Ottoman Porte has given orders to sell by weight all the fine libraries at Constantinople. Among others are mentioned those of the Princes Morusi, who have become the objects of the jealousy and hate of that despotic government, in consequence of their wealth, patriotism), and talents. A concert was given at the Argyll Rooms on Wednesday se'nnight; in order to introduce to the public Mademoiselle Schauroth, a German child, only nine years of age, whose performance on the piano-forte had already surprised the cognoscenti of Vienna, Munich, and Paris, and has now excited the astonishment of those in London. She played upon this occasion the principal part in the beautiful and celebrated quintetto of Beethoven, in which she was accompanied by Messrs. Nicholson, Willman, M'Intosh, and Petrides; and executed her task with a precision and judgment that would have been applauded in an established professor; while her appearance and manner were so unaffectedly juvenile and engaging, as to remove all suspicions concerning her actual age. An audience, not very numerous, but exceedingly select, were assembled to hear this extraordinary child; amongst whoni were the Duchesses of Clarence and Kent, Prince Esterhazy, the Prince Cariati, and most of the distinguished musical people in London. The following strange advertisement is copied from the Lancaster Free Press (American paper:) A few copics of A Bridle for Devils, being an Evangelical Curb to muzzle those who, having been bit by the Old Serpent, groan under the Infernal Quinsey-By a Lover of Whole Bones,' has been left at this office for sale-price 64 cents.' Lord Arundel is said to have once offered the Duke of Buckingham £7000, in land or money, for the Ecce Homo of Titian, in which were introduced the Pope, Charles V. and Sultan Suleyman. Of this picture there is a good copy at Northumberland-house. NEW MUSIC AT HALF PRICE. Extract from the Leeds Mercury of July 14, 1750:Advertisement. A landau and four horses will be at the sign of the Chequer, at the back of the shambles, in Leeds, Thursday, the 19th instant, and take in passengers for Land, Bristol, and Bath, which will be in London the Shorth instant. By Thomas Hinchcliffe." Instead of the days, the same journey is now performed regularly Stationary supplied at low Prices. by the Rockingham and the Union Coaches in 26 hours. WILLMER and Co. No. 25, LORD-STREET, LIVER. the Public, that they have just purchased upwards of 5000 Pieces of the most celebrated vocal and instrumental MUSIC, (opposite the Castle Inn) respectfully acquaint which they are now selling at HALF the published Price. Superfine Music Paper, 3s. per Quire. Longuity-There is now living in Drosi, a little village of Calabria, a woman whose age is 125 years, who has, of course, lived in three different centuries. She enjoys all racuties, as well moral as physical, and what renders her age the more extraordinary is, the fact, that the air of the village has been long considered unhealthy. She was married four times; her first marriage took place 105 years ago-Foreign Paper. ***Orders from the Country forwarded immediately. Printing and Book-binding neatly executed.-Books and The Housewife. COFFEE. A correspondent, in the Annals of Philosophy for the present month, gives the following as an improved method of preparing this delightful beverage: coffee on which its fine flavour depends, a practice has beFrom the highly fugacious nature of that part of come very generally adopted of late years of preparing the liquor by mere straining. 66 A Western Hermit.-About 12 miles above the junction of Spoon and Illinois rivers, immediately on the bank the former, there has been living, for three years past. a whe had secluded himself from the world, and dwells the midst of the wilderness alone, and upwards of 60 are, however, not inconsistent. The union of these ad"Coction and the preservation of the fragrant matter les from the residence of any human being. His name vantages is attainable by performing the operation in a Darin, a physician, was formerly a surgeon in the close vessel. To obviate the production of vapour, by tel Bates army, and was pupil to the celebrated Dr. which the vessel would be ruptured, the boiling tempeRob excessively wasteful, but the coffee is likewise apt to be This method has not only the great defect of being cold. a dog, and a quantity of clothing. He has erected gelf a small hut, and has about an acre of land in tration-at the back of his garden runs Spoon river, which he has a fish trap. His food is wild turkeys and ne, fish, and the produce of his garden. He apdispleased at the sight of a human being. My saw him at his residence, being impelled by ity to visit him, and inquired of him particularly cause of his strange seclusion. He said he had done and would do so ever, to keep clear of the wretched people. His father lives in Pennsylvania, and he Jived many solicitous letters from him and other ds, to return, but he has never answered one, and ens it to be his determination to remove from his ntinuation as soon as the whites approach too near sarhem as his present stock of clothing wears out, will dress himself in skins.-Ind. Gaz. with a cork, at first left loose to allow the exit of the air. "In my experiments I made use of a glass phial closed Cold water was put to the coffee. "This process is equally applicable to tea. the boiling of hops, during which, I understand, that a "Perhaps it may also be employed advantageously in material portion of their aroma is dissipated; as likewise possibly for making certain medical decoctions. advantages. It is productive of a very considerable eco"This way of preparing coffee and tea presents various nomy, since, by allowing of any continuance of the coction without the least injury to the goodness, all the soluble matter may be extracted, and, consequently, a proportionate less quantity of them becomes required. By allowing the coffee to cool in the closed vessel, it may be filtered through paper, then returned into the closed vessel, and heated again, and thus had of the most perfect clearness without any foreign addition to it, by which coffee is impaired. The liquors may be kept for any length of time at a boiling heat, in private families, coffee-houses, &c. so as to be ready at the very instant called for. "It will likewise prove of no small conveniency to travellers who have neither kettle nor coffee-pot, nor teapot, in places where these articles are to be procured, as a bottle will supply them. In all cases, means of economy tend to augment and diffuse comforts and happiness. They bring within the reach of the many what wasteful proceedings confine to the few. By diminishing expenditure on one article. they allow of some other enjoyment which was before unattainable. A reduction on quantity permits indulgence in superior quality. In the present instance, the impor tance of economy is particularly great, since it is applied meals of a large portion of the population of the earth. to matters of high price, which constitute one of the daily "That in cookery also, the power of subjecting for an indefinite duration to a boiling heat, without the slightest dependition of volatile matter, will admit of beneficial application, is unquestionable." Literature, Criticism, &c. POLITE LITERATURE. The following dissertation recently appeared in the Irishman, from which we copy the following prefatory remark:-"This essay was written in the year 1812 by John Walker, formerly a Fellow of Dublin College; a gentleman distinguished as much by his learning as he is by the conscientious rectitude of his mind. A prize question was proposed by the Royal Irish Academy-" Whether, and how far, the cultivation of science and that of police literature assist or obstruct each other." The sentiments of such an authority, on a subject so interesting to the community, should be as widely circulated as possible.— Mr. Cobbett is remarkable for the opinions he entertains of the inutility of acquiring a knowledge of the learned languages-that a knowledge of Latin and Greek is unnecessary to the furnishing the mind with all that inforn.a tion which can be as effectually derived from translations. The contrary opinion is zealously maintained by every scholar. Mr. Walker may fairly take his place in the ranks of the latter; and his opinions, no doubt, will command the attention his literary reputation so well merits." It is owing to the littleness and vanity of the human mind, that we are all so prone to depreciate the studies of others, while we extol the usefulness and dignity of our own. The man of science, the naturalist, the exlar, are apt each to represent his own departperimental philosopher, and the polite schoment in literature as the only one worthy of could be cultivated with success, if any one cultivation; while, in fact, none of them of them were cultivated exclusively, And this indeed is one of the many benefits of a truly liberal education, that it tends to correct that narrowness of view; discovers the general connexion between the multifa. rious objects of human intellect; lays a broad tion of any one among them, which may reand solid foundation for the further prosecu commend itself most to the taste of the indiliar advantages for the successful pursuit of vidual; and, while it furnishes him with pecuhis own favourite study, guards him against a contemptuous indifference to the literary engagements of others. It is in the literary, as in the natural world, THE KALEIDOSCOPE. Presumptuous ignorance is forward to pro- in that extended signification, which I con- us superior to the ancients in some branches nounce the uselessness of some parts in the ceive was designed to be attached to it by the of knowledge. works of nature. But an intimate acquaint- terms of the question; as comprehending all ance with what appears most minute and un- those departments in learning, which are com-sical learning every advantage, in the arguimportant establishes the maxim, that Nature monly distinguished from polite literature:ment, which they can desire. I shall supBut I shall yield to the adversaries of clas docs nothing in vain: and to the most extend- though, it may be remarked, that the name pose, that every thing valuable in the writers ed survey such a concatenation appears sub-perhaps strictly belongs only to mathematics of Greece and Rome has been either transsisting between her least and greatest pro-and the mathematical branches of natural phi-fused into the works of the moderns, or is ductions, that we may doubt whether the losophy; and that in mathematics the ancients accessible to the mere English reader in least of them could be annihilated without dis- are confessedly our masters. turbing the harmony and destroying the well-trical science of the Greek school,-unrivalled nent possession of all the information they To the geome- translations: that we are in full and being of the whole. permaBut, although there be a similarly common | method,Newton himself was indebted for in history, geography, and criticism. I in the beauty, clearness, and accuracy, of its contain in mathematics, logic, and astronomy, interest and mutual subserviency amongst all the principles, which his genius extended and shall suppose, that no more treasures of anthe branches of literature, some of them are applied; applied, as to other subjects, so to tiquity remain, to be brought to light, in all from time to time liable to pass into neglect, the demonstration of that very system of the those inedited manuscripts, which, to the while others engross more than due attention. universe, which had been asserted by one of disgrace of literary Europe, still continue And it is one of the most important duties of such remote antiquity as Pythagoras. those enlightened few, to whom the general superintendence of learning belongs, to check to the ancient classics for all our modern im- the ancients, as the worst of them in his ig In another respect also we stand indebted orators and poets are as successful rivals of unexplored. Nay, I shall suppose that our such an evil on its first appearance, and to provements in science. What was it that norance and vanity can imagine. Nor shall I insist upon that consideration, guard against a retrograde movement in any awakened Europe from a long sleep of ignopart of human knowledge, under a conviction rance, in which the powers of the human which must ever stamp classical learning that it must be unfavourable in its conse-mind had lain unexercised and torpid? What with paramount importance, in the view of quences to the real progress of every other. I have long apprehended a danger of this ages, and roused an unlettered world to lite-nexion between sound theology and a critica was the light that first broke in upon the dark all the friends of Revelation; upon the con kind, with respect to classical learning; and rary exertion? We were awakened, enlight- | interpetration of the dead languages; or upo think I perceive many alarming symptoms, ened, and refined by the Greek and Latin the degree, in which their extinction mus which threaten its extinction. In one great classics, circulated through the introduction shake all historic evidence, and in this affec empire, which now possesses the dominion or of the art of printing. Nor is it any wonder, the very foundation of revealed truth. control over the larger part of Europe, classi- that for some time a critical acquaintance cal learning is declared by authority to be with their writings usurped almost exclusively desirable, as it may secretly appear to som unnecessary for what are called the learned the name of learning; or that scholars, in Let every thing, which they can demand, Let that consequence also be supposed professions. For several years also the con- their admiration of the beauties of classical conceded to those who think that the classi vulsed state of the civilized world, unfavour- antiquity, conceived at first that the whole of ought to fall into oblivion and neglect. able to literature universally, has been pecu- human knowledge was comprehended in their I hope to prove, that the cultivation of cl liary so to the elegancies of polite literature: works. But hence certainly proceeded the sical learning, as a constituent part of libe and the general temper of the times is marked original stimulus, which has issued in the pre-education, so far from obstructing scien by a growing contempt for all that is ancient. sent advanced state of the sciences and arts.—is most importantly conducive to its In these countries, no doubt, there are old and valuable institutions, which ensure, while of ingratitude in our now consigning to neg- and common adversaries; and that the I There might appear, therefore, some degree vancement; that they have common intere they exist, a continued attention to the lect those classics, to whom our literary obli-gress of scientific, is materially impeded forms at least of classical learning. But it gations are so great. And perhaps there is the declining state of classical, learning. would be folly to deny or conceal the fact, an equal degree of presumption in the suppothat it has lost its hold upon the public mind.sition, that we have nothing more to learn employed by the declaimers against class There is no argument more freque From having been once over-rated, and per | from them. haps partly on that very account,-it is rapidly passing into disesteem: and, to a cultivated cried as children in science; because, charmed study of words ;—words, which the wise learning, than that it is absurd to devot I know that the ancients are commonly de- many years, in the spring-time of life, to taste, the vitiated style of modern composition with the attraction of abstract science, they uses but as counters, while the fool must appear at once one of the consequences, certainly did neglect experiment, and under- values them as money. But this argut and one of the evidences, of its neglect. On these accounts, and from the intimate principle. Yet, even here, such various proceeds upon multiplied mistakes valued the practical applications of scientific with all the changes that are rung connexion between classical learning and all instances stand on record of their skill in emplifies the abuse of words, which polite literature, I hope I shall be excused mechanics and other arts, which promote the fesses to decry. The argument might for somewhat narrowing the question pro- conveniences of polished life, as prove they conclusive force, if languages were posed by the Academy, and confining myself were not such children as many represent cabularies of unmeaning sounds. in this essay to the inquiry-How far the cul- them. And it might abate the pride of mo-learning languages, does not the tination of SCIENCE and that of CLASSICAL dern knowledge, to observe how much we mind learn ideas too? Is not its LEARNING assist or obstruct each other. many of those instruments, which have made' enlarged? Are not its powers exerci are indebted to accident, for the discovery of these materials of knowledge progres In speaking of Science, I shall use the word | up = an it B yo sto |