The Danes begin their ravages in England,

867

Alfred the Great, after subduing the Danish invaders, founds the

university of Oxford, about

896

The university of Cambridge founded,

915

Paper made of cotton rags was in use, 1000; that of linen,

1170

Leo IX. the first pope that kept up an army,

1054

The Turks take Jerusalem from the Saracens,

1065

Musical notes invented,

1070

1180

1192

Glass windows began to be used in houses in England,
Pope Alexander III. compelled the kings of England and France
to hold the stirrups of his saddle when he mounted his horse, 1181
The battle of Ascalon, in Judæa, in which Richard, king of En-
gland, defeats Saladin's army, consisting of 300,000 men,
Chimneys were not known in England,
Magna Charta is signed by king John and the barons of England, 1215
The Tartars, a new race of heroes, under Gingis-Khan, emerge
from the northern parts of Asia, and overrun all the Saracen
empire,

The houses of London, and other cities in England, France and
Germany still thatched with straw,

The mariner's compass invented, or improved, by Gioia,
Gunpowder and guns first invented by Swarts, a monk of Co-
logn, 1340; Edward III. had four pieces of cannon, which con-
tributed to gain him the battle of Cressy, 1346; bombs and
mortars were invented the same year.

John Wickliffe, an Englishman, begins to oppose the errors of
the church of Rome with great acuteness and spirit.-His fol-
lowers are called Lollards,

The Vatican Library founded at Rome,
Constantinople taken by the Turks, which ends the eastern em-
pire, 1123 years from its erection by Constantine the Great,
and 2206 years from the foundation of Rome,
America first discovered by Columbus, a Genoese, in the service
of Spain,

Pins first used in England, (before which time the ladies used skewers,)

1561

*First law in England, establishing interest at ten per cent. The great massacre of Protestants at Paris,

1546

1572

Mary queen of Scots is beheaded by order of Elizabeth,

1587

The Spanish Armada destroyed by the English,

1588

Watches first brought into England from Germany,

1597

The massacre of 40,000 English Protestants, in Ireland,

1640

Charles I. (aged 49) beheaded at Whitehall, January 30,

1649

Cromwell assumes the protectorship,

1654

The Plague rages in London, and carries off 68,000 persons
The great fire of London, which destroyed 13,000 houses,
Tea first used in England,

1665

1C66

1666

The habeas corpus act passed,

1678

A comet appeared so near our earth as to alarm the inhabitants,

1680

Bayonets first used by the French in the battle of Turin,

1693

Russia, formerly a dukedom, is established as an empire,

1727

Fouli Khan usurps the Persian throne,

1732

Ccorge Washington born February 22,

1732

Westminster bridge, which cost 389,000l. finished

1750

146 Englishmen are confined in the black hole at Calcutta, EastIndies, by the Nabob, and 123 found dead next morning, General Wolfe is killed in taking Quebec from the French,

1756

1759

First Congress of the American colonies, at Philadelphia, Sept. 5, 1773 First Petition of Congress to the King, November,

1773

Declaration of Independence by the colonies, July 4,
General Burgoyne surrendered October 17,

1776

1777

1782

Earl Cornwallis surrendered at York-town, Vir. October 19, 1781
Admiral Rodney gains a victory over the French fleet, April 12, 1782
American colonies are acknowledged by his Britannic majesty,
free, sovereign, and independent states, Nov. 30,
Washington proclaimed first President of the U. S. A. April 30, 1789
Revolution in France-capture of the Bastile, July 14,
1789
The French declare war against England and Holland, Feb. 1, 1792
Louis XVIth of France, beheaded, same year.

The glorious victory of the Nile, achieved by Nelson, Aug. 1,
General George Washington died, December 14, aged 68,
Treaty of Peace between Germany and France, Feb. 9,
War commenced between France and Great Britain, July,
Unexampled tempest, began September 1,

1798

1799

1801

1803

1804

Bonaparte crowned emperor by his holiness the Pope,
Great victory over the French fleet by Nelson, October 21,
Surrender of the Danish fleet to Lord Nelson,
Attack upon U. S. frigate Chesapeak-same year.
War declared by U. S. against Great Britain,

1804

1805

1807

Surrender of General Hull's army-capture of the Guerriere-
Macedonian and Java-Battle of Queenston, same year.
Loss of the Chesapeak-Capture of the British fleet on Lake
Erie-Burning of Moscow-Destruction of the French army
in Russia,

Paris surrenders to the allies-Bonaparte abdicates and retires
to Elba-Battle of Bridgewater-Washington captured-Sur-
render of the British fleet on Lake Champlain,
Battle of New-Orleans-Peace with Great Britain-return of
Bonaparte to Paris-Battle of Waterloo-Louis XVIIIth re-
stored--Bonaparte sent to St. Helena,

1812

1813

1814

1815

Abstract of the population of the Union in 1790, 1800, 1810, and 1820.

Total Northern States 2,027,250 2,650,295 97,814 2,748,409 3,708,669 123,004 3,831,673 5,085,673

135,882 5,221,555

1810.

1820.

Total.

Whites.

Maryland

319,728

Blacks. Total. Whites. Blacks. 216,326 125,222 341,548

Total

Whites.

Blacks.

235,117

145,429

380,546

260,222

147,128

Columbia District

Virginia

10,066 4,027 14,093

16,079

7,944

24,023

22,614

10,425

747,610

514,280 365,920 880,200

551,534

423,088

974,622

603,074

Total.

407,350

33,039

462,042 1,065,116

North-Carolina

393,751

337,764 140,339 478,103

376,410

South-Carolina

Georgia

249,073
82,548 102,261 60,423 162,684 145,414

196,255 119,336 345,591

214,196

179,090 555,500
200,919 415,115

419,200 219,629

638,829

107,019 252,433

237,440 265,301 502,741
189,566 151,419 340,985

1,792,710 1,376,952 845,267 2,222,219 1,538,750

1,063,489 2,602,239 1,732,116 1,255,944 2,988,060

109,368 276,759 58,648 335,407| 614,674
Total Southern States 1,902,078 1,653,711 903,915 2,557,626 2,153,424

Northern and Southern3,929,328 4,304,306 1,001 729 5 306,035) 5,862,093
Persons not designated in the census returns

Total according to the census returns

*In consequence of the death of the Marshal, the population of 6 counties in this ate was not returned in season

It is estimated at

191,317 805,991 1,043,922 379,932 1,423,854
1,254,806 3,408,230 2,776,038 1,635,876 4,411,914
1,377,810 7,239,903 7,861,711 1,771,758 9,633,469

Grand Total

9,655,097

OF THE

UNITED STATES,

AS PROPOSED BY THE CONVENTION, HELD AT PHILADELPHIA 17TH SEPTEMBER, 1787, AND SINCE RATIFIED BY THE SEVERAL STATES, WITH THE SEVERAL AMENDMENTS THERETO.

WE, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

ARTICLE I.

Sect. 1. ALL legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a senate and house of representatives.

Sect. 2. The house of representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year, by the people of the several states, and the electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the state legislature,

No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen.

Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several states which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, threefifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every