Advances in High-Pressure Techniques for Geophysical Applications

Capa
J. Chen
Elsevier, 30/09/2005 - 515 páginas
High-pressure mineral physics is a field that is strongly driven by the development of new technology. Fifty years ago, when experimentally achievable pressures were limited to just 25 GPa, little was know about the mineralogy of the Earth's lower mantle. Silicate perovskite, the likely dominant mineral of the deep Earth, was identified only when the high-pressure techniques broke the pressure barrier of 25 GPa in 1970s. However, as the maximum achievable pressure reached beyond one Megabar (100 GPa) and even to the pressure of Earth's core on minute samples, new discoveries increasingly were fostered by the development of new analytical techniques and improvements in sensitivity and precision of existing techniques.



The book consists of six sections which group the papers according to their main topics: a) Elastic and Anelastic Properties; b) Rheology; c) Melt and Glass Properties; d) Structural and Magnetic Properties; e) Diffraction and Spectroscopy; f) Pressure Calibration and Generation. As many papers cover multiple topics, readers may find papers of interest in different sections. All papers are prepared with emphasis on technical details suitable for a technical reference. Many on-line software resources are also listed in as detailed a manner as possible. However, the URL of the software sites may be subject to change without notice.

* State of the art in a very important branch of geophysics, namely the experimental determination of material behavior at the extreme conditions of planetary interiors
* Emphasis on technical details suitable for a technical reference
* Includes many on-line software resources

 

Índice

Direct measurements of the elastic properties of iron and cobalt to 120 GPa implications for the composition of Earths core
3
A gigahertz ultrasonic interferometer for the diamond anvil cell and highpressure elasticity of some ironoxide minerals
25
Simultaneous equation of state pressure calibration and sound velocity measurements to lower mantle pressures using multianvil apparatus
49
Simultaneous determination of elastic and structural properties under simulated mantle conditions using multianvil device MAX80
67
Laboratory measurement of seismic wave dispersion and attenuation at high pressure and temperature
95
Rheology
121
Hightemperature plasticity measurements using synchrotron Xrays
123
Stress and strain measurements of polycrystalline materials under controlled deformation at high pressure using monochromatic synchrotron radiation
137
Chemistry at extreme conditions approaching the Earths major interface
289
Pressure dependence on the magnetic properties of titanomagnetite using the reversible susceptibility method
315
Diffraction and spectroscopy
337
Highpressure angledispersive powder diffraction using an energydispersive setup and white synchrotron radiation
339
Methods and application of the ParisEdinburgh Press to Xray diffraction structure solution with largevolume samples at high pressures and temperatu...
353
Highpressure structure determination and refinement by Xray diffraction
371
Nuclear resonant inelastic Xray scattering and synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy with laserheated diamond anvil cells
397
In situ Raman spectroscopy with laserheated diamond anvil cells
413

Development of a rotational Drickamer apparatus for largestrain deformation experiments at deep Earth conditions
167
Melt and glass properties
183
Density measurements of molten materials at high pressure using synchrotron Xray radiography melting volume of FeS
185
Viscosity and density measurements of melts and glasses at high pressure and temperature by using the multianvil apparatus and synchrotron Xray ra...
195
The effect of composition compression and decompression on the structure of highpressure aluminosilicate glasses an investigation utilizing 17O and...
211
The application of 17O and 27Al solidstate 3QMAS NMR to structures of noncrystalline silicates at high pressure
241
Structural and magnetic properties
263
Decompression of majoritic garnet an experimental investigation of mantle peridotite exhumation
265
Pressure calibration and generation
425
Calibration based on a primary pressure scale in a multianvil device
427
Highpressure generation in the Kawaitype apparatus equipped with sintered diamond anvils application to the wurtziterocksalt transformation in GaN
451
Development of high PT neutron diffraction at LANSCE toroidal anvil press TAP98 in the HiPPO diffractometer
461
A new optical capillary cell for spectroscopic studies of geologic fluids at pressures up to 100 MPa
475
Internal and external electrical heating in diamond anvil cells
487
A new gasket material for higher resolution NMR in diamond anvil cells
503
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