It is also evident that that excellent bishop confidered the Gnoftics as the only heretics, when he said they had neither God, nor Lord, nor church, nor faith, &c. in common with them*. confentiens multa alia nova et graviora fidei ac veritati inimica addiderit. Sed et Valentini et Bafilidis tempus manifeftum eft quod et ipfi poft apoftolos et poft longam ætatem, adverfus ecclefiam Dei fceleratis mendaciis fuis rebellaverint. Ceteros quoque hæriticos conftat pravas fuas fectas et inventiones perverfas prout quifque errore ductus eft, poflea induxiffe; quos omnes manifeftum eft a femet ipfis damnatos effe, et ante diem judicii inexcufabilem fententiam adverfus femetipfos dixiffe: quorum baptifma qui confirmat, quid aliud quam cum ipfis fe adjudicat, et fe ipfe participem talibus faciendo condemnat? Cypriani Opera, vol. 2. p. 219. Porro cum nobis et hæreticis nec Deus unus fit, nec Dominus unus, nec una ecclefia, nec fides una, fed nec unus fpiritus, aut corpus unum; manifeftum eft nec baptifma nobis et hæreticis commune effe poffe, quibus nihil eft omnino commune. Ibid. p. 229. SECTION SECTION VI, Of Herefy in a later Period. IT is of no great confequence to carry these authorities any farther, as it is acknowledged that the unitarians were confidered as heretics after the time of Origen; and it is poffible that they may be fo called occafionally by him, as well as others of his time who disliked their principles. For about this time the term berefy, began to be applied to the doctrines which were not entertained by thofe more learned chriftians, whofe opinions (being in appearance more flattering to Chrift, the author of their religion) continually gained ground; though it was a long time before the common people in general could relish them. So well established, however by a long course of time, was the fynonymous use of the terms heretic, and Gnoftic, that they continued to be so used occafionally, even long after the decrees of councils had pronounced other doctrines to be heretical; and of this Į shall give some instances. V 4 Athanafius Athanafius fays, "the heretics make to "themselves another maker of the universe " befides the Father of our Lord Jefus "Chrift *." Indeed, Athanafius confidered the proper unitarians in a more favourable light than he did either the Gnoftics or the Arians +. Again, he says, "the "heretics, leaving the difcipline of the "church, and making fhipwreck of faith, make themselves another God be"fides the true God, the Father of Christ, "who, they fay, was unbegotten, the "author of evil, and the maker of the "world‡." Eufebius, fpeaking of the herefies of the Jews, and thofe of the Greeks, defcribes them as atheistical, fome of them introducing feveral contrary principles, and * Οι δε απο των αιρεσεων αλλον εαύλοις αναπλατίονται δημιεργον των παλων παρα τον πατερα τε κυριε ημων Ιησε Χριστ. De Incarnatione, Opera, vol. 1. p. 55. + See Opera, vol. 1. p. 975, 977, 978. * Οι δε απο των αιρεσεων εκπεσονίες της Εκκλησιατικής διδασκα λιας, και περι την πιςιν ναυαγησανίες, και ετοι μεν υποτασιν τε κακά παραφρονέσιν είναι . αναπλατίονται δε εαυλοις παρα τον αληθινόν τις χρισε παλέρα θεον εἹερον, καὶ τέλον αγεννητον, τε κακε ποιήτην και της κακιας αρχηγον, τον και της κλίσεως δημιεργον, Contra Gentes, Opera, vol. 1.p.6. others others afcribing the government of the univerfe to wicked perfons *. He also says, that Simon Magus was the leader of all herefy +. Cyril of Jerufalem, whofe neighbourhood feems to have abounded with Gnoftics, and especially with Manicheans, advifes to hate all heretics, but especially "those who had their name from mad"ness," meaning Manes; and through his whole work he generally speaks of the Gnostics as if he had thought them to be the only proper heretics, though he does not scruple occafionally to give the fame appellation to others who thought differently from him. Thus he joins others in calling Simon Magus the inventor of all herefy §. "The heretics," he fays, do "not acknowledge one God Almighty. *In Pfa. 64. Montfaucon's Collectio Patrum, vol. 1. P. 313. Η πασης μεν εν αρχηγον αιρέσεως πρωτον γενέσθαι τον Σιμωνα παι pengauer. Hift. lib. 2. cap. 13 p. 62. † Και μισει μεν παλας αιρείικες, εξαιρείως δε, τον της μανίας Επωνυμον. Cat. 6. p. gr. 5 Και πάσης μεν αιρέσεως ευρείης Σίμων ο Μαγος. Cat. 6. p. 87. For almighty is he who rules over all, " and has power over all; for they who fay he is Lord of the foul, but not of the body, do not make him perfect. For "how can he be perfect who wants either " of these? If he has power over the soul, "and not over the body, how is he almighty; and if he has power over the body, and not over the foul, how is he almighty * ?" 66 The term beretic feems alfo to be appropriated to the Gnoftics in the following paffage: "Nor has the devil made thefe attempts with refpect to the Gentiles only; but many who are falfely called "chriftians, improperly called by the frag"rant name of Chrift, have impiously dared "to alienate God from his own works. I "mean the heretics, who are abominable Αιρέλικοι δε πάλιν, καθως ειρηται και πρότερον, εκ οίδασιν ένα παν Τοκράτορα Θεον . παντοκρατωρ γαρ εσιν, ο παλων κραίων, ο πανίων εξεσιάζων. οι δε λεγούλες, τον μεν, είναι της ψυχης δεσπότην, τον δε, το σωμαῖος, 8 τελειον λεγεσι. πως γαρ τέλειος, ο λείπων εκατόν εκαΠερω- ο γαρ ψυχής εξεσίαν εχων, σωμαῖος δε εξωσίαν μη έχων, πως παντοκρατωρ και ο δεσπόζων σωμαίων, μη εξεσιάζων δε πνευμαίων, πως παντοκρατωρ. Cat. 8. p. 111. " and |