and had dresses made suitable for the different characters, which they wished to represent. He thinks that there were 14 in the Society; among them were the late Lord Spencer, Payne Knight, and that Mr Willett, whether Uncle or Father of the informant, whose spendid Library was sold by public auction. He had a large collection of obscene books, which for disguise were lettered Church-History! 2. A friend of his informed him that LORD CARRINGTON appointed four gentlemen in the City to dispense charities for him. In four years the aggregate amount of the charities was £20,000. CCXXXIII. Fox and Burke. "CHARLES FOX was more impressive than BURKE; the former spoke from the fulness of his heart, the latter from being full of himself; the former went straightforward to his object with the earnestness of conviction, the latter, as some one said of him by way of compliment, wormed himself into his subject.' Thus the former gained the sympathy, which upright warmth excites, while the latter, though he wormed with wisdom, serpent-like, into his subject, was repulsive despite the beauty of his cold glittering outside. It is well known that CHARLIE Fox enchained the house, whereas, when Burke rose, the members rose with him. Not that we admire the taste of those, who could not relish the Symposium of Burke's unmatched eloquence." The Satirist, Aug. 27, 1837. CCXXXIV. JEKYL. Jekyl, being told of a brewer, who had been drowned in one of his vats, exclaimed "Alas, poor man, floating on his watery G. gave Giffard, the editor of Ben Jonson, as his authority, -ara. to look into this. CCXXXL DIAMOND. Aug. 16, 1837. The diamond is pure carbon, or charcoal crystallised; it is among the rarest of all known substances, and carbon is among the most abundant. We can have a roomful of pure carbon for sixpence, but a bit of pure crystallised carbon, the size of half your thumb, is worth many thousand pounds. You drink diamonds, when you drink soda-water; but you drink them in the form of gas. Mr Farraday has succeeded by immense pressure in reducing carbon from the gaseous to the liquid state; but it must be in a glass-tube, hermetically sealed. The moment it comes in contact with the atmosphere, it again assumes the gaseous form. Diamond requires great heat to burn it; but when it does burn, it consumes utterly. Its whole substance changes into that kind of gas, which is pumped into soda-water, and is produced naturally in champagne. The Standard, Aug. 16, 1837. CCXXXII. Payne Knight, &c. THE FLEET, Aug. 17, 1837. Yesterday I saw MR CH. DUBOIS, a friend of Mr Smyth. He says that Payne Knight wrote a Volume in Svo entitled, he thinks, Veneres et Priapi, to illustrate obscene Gems in his own and other collections. From the present Mr Willett of Merley he learned that there was a Club or Society formed to celebrate the ancient Bacchic, Druidical, and other orgies; they were all gentlemen of fortune, and had dresses made suitable for the different characters, which they wished to represent. He thinks that there were 14 in the Society; among them were the late Lord Spencer, Payne Knight, and that Mr Willett, whether Uncle or Father of the informant, whose spendid Library was sold by public auction. He had a large collection of obscene books, which for disguise were lettered Church-History! 2. A friend of his informed him that LORD CARRINGTON appointed four gentlemen in the City to dispense charities for him. In four years the aggregate amount of the charities was £20,000. CCXXXIII. Fox and Burke. "CHARLES FOX was more impressive than BURKE; the former spoke from the fulness of his heart, the latter from being full of himself; the former went straightforward to his object with the earnestness of conviction, the latter, as some one said of him by way of compliment, wormed himself into his subject.' Thus the former gained the sympathy, which upright warmth excites, while the latter, though he wormed with wisdom, serpent-like, into his subject, was repulsive despite the beauty of his cold glittering outside. It is well known that CHARLIE Fox enchained the house, whereas, when Burke rose, the members rose with him. Not that we admire the taste of those, who could not relish the Symposium of Burke's unmatched eloquence." The Satirist, Aug. 27, 1837. CCXXXIV. JEKYL. Jekyl, being told of a brewer, who had been drowned in one of his vats, exclaimed "Alas, poor man, floating on his watery CCXXXV. REFLECTIONS ON THE POPULATION OF CHINA AND ITS CAUSES.* AN ORIGINAL PAPER. China, properly so called, contains 333 millions of souls: and extends over twenty degrees of latitude, and twenty of longitude; or four hundred square: the proportion is that of 700,000 men to one square degree or seventy square miles, or 10,000 men to one square mile. This number is not incredible: similar historical facts occur. The provinces of Holland, on a space of two degrees by three, supply a population of two, or at the highest computation, of three millions; or a number half of the Chinese. The tribes under David, eight millions of people, were fed on a surface of three degrees long and three broad. The modern inhabitants of England give more than half the ratio of Chinese popularity; give nine millions of men on sixteen square degrees.-The histories of China prove that in the remotest ages it was populous, and that in each successive age it had increased in numbers. Herodotus, five centuries before Christ, asserts the Hindoos to be the most numerous of nations: The Hindoo writers describe the Chineas as leaving Hindostan and overspreading all the East. The Roman merchants, at the age of our Saviour, had visited the "land of silk," and recount their population with astonishment. The Persian Kings were assisted wih their innumerable forces. Two Mahomedan voyagers (see Harris's collection) in the ninth, and M. Polo in the eleventh, centuries, visited Canton, and talk frequently of their cities containing one million of souls, and of their eleven or twelve thousand walled villages and towns. The Jesuits, during two entire centuries, give an annual census * Barrow, in his Remarks on China, asserts that it exactly equals the dense population of Holland, and consequently exceeds that of England by one half, or perhaps, more nearly one third. and the Imperial enumeration of the Chinese world, and demonstrate its annual increase of citizens to be two millions : and consequently in less than fifty years the increase will ascend to one hundred millions! When will the prejudices of Europe confess that a season of peace and an undivided empire are more favorable to popularity than bloody wars ? and that the human kind, like the herring or the rabbit, if permitted to increase without the interruption of wars and famines, and plagues, soon doubles its numbers ? Having thus cleared the Chinese census (recorded in the Annual Register) of fraud or error, let us propose two calculations.-1st. On the greatest possible population of the whole earth.-2d. On its possible perfect cultivation. With the Chinese ratio of people, the world would contain ten thousand millions of sons and daughters. This circumstance may be easily calculated. China includes twenty degrees of either kind, or a square of four hundred the globe three hundred and sixty in circumference, and one hundred and eighty in latitude; of which space seas occupy two thirds, and leave the rest habitable for man: the arctic circle excluded. Europe claims thirty by sixty, or 1800 square degrees : with a population equal to China, it would support 1,498,000,000 of souls, or above ten times its present numbers. Asia, exclusive of China, of North Siberia, of New Holland, of its seas and its lakes; boasts at least of forty degrees in length and ninety in breatdh. It is infinitely more fertile than Europe. With the Chinese population it might nourish 2,664,000,000 of inhabitants. America, exclusive of its Northern districts, its lakes and seas, includes in the Northern hemisphere 2000 square degrees, in the Southern 1800; in the two 3800. With a Chinese population it would comprehend 3,330,000,000 of natives, or ten times the population of China. Africa, no uninhabitable continent as the antients creamed, but fertile and productive, embraces 2800 square degrees; with |