Such with a clear complexion and a ruddy flush on his cheek that kept for ried with him to the grave. But his spirits never failed. | his eyes might be sometimes able to revise his work, and him to the last an appearance of comparative youth, but, above all, Only it seemed to him for a time that he might, for want he could add on the blank pages his corrections. If he with a smile that was the most absolutely contagious I ever looked of a suitable person to read foreign languages to him, have published in London, there was a fair copy to print from. upon. As he grew older, he stooped a little. His father's figure was bent at even an earlier age, but it was from an organic infirmity to postpone his Spanish subject, and then he proposed to But should he publish? He paused in dread. His father of the chest, unknown to the constitution of the son, who stooped occupy himself "with an Historical Survey of English Lite-advised him that "the man who writes a book which he is chiefly from a downward inclination which he instinctively gave to "rature. The subject has never been discussed as a whole, and "afraid to publish is a coward." He caused, therefore, his head so as to protect his eye from the light. But his manly therefore would be somewhat new, and, if well conducted, the whole work to be stereotyped. The first chapter was character and air were always, to a remarkable degree, the same. Even in the last months of his life, when he was in some other re." popular." But a month's consideration satisfied him that written out three times and printed twice before it was spects not a little changed, he appeared at least ten years younger it would take five years to do anything satisfactory to finally left to be stereotyped as it now stands, and the than he really was. As for the gracious, sunny smile that seemed himself with so broad a subject as English literature, and complete work was published at Boston by the American to grow sweeter as he grew older, it was not entirely obliterated even he resolved finally, at the age of thirty, to work alto- Stationers' Company, who received the stereotyped plates by the touch of death. gether for his proposed history of Ferdinand and Isabella. and engravings that had been made at the author's charge, At the time of his marriage he had arranged with young So he began by listening patiently to several volumes of and agreed to print 1,250 copies at their own charge, five friends of like tastes-half of them since credibly known Spanish, read to him by a person who understood not a years being allowed them to dispose of them. In a few as authors-a social Literary Club, which gathered some word of what he was reading. He was resolved to make months, more copies were sold than had been supposed of its productions into a few numbers of a short-lived his ears do the work of his eyes, and presently his friend saleable within the five years. In four months the Hismagazine, called The Club Room,' which Prescott edited. Mr Ticknor found for him, in Harvard College, a student, tory was admitted in its own country to the same rank it The Club itself was not short-lived, and its members grew Mr James L. English, who agreed to study law in the now occupies, no work of equal size and gravity having up together in familiar intercourse, Prescott being known office of Mr Prescott, senior, and his son-in-law Mr Dexter, ever before obtained in America so brilliant a success. among them first as the Gentleman,' when he alone had and at the same time to read or write for the son five or The success began in Boston, where the charming author no distinct calling in life, then as 'the Editor,' and at last six hours every day. "It was," says Mr Ticknor, "the of the book was personally a prodigious favourite. When as 'the Historian.' "happy beginning of a new order of things for the it was known in Boston, only a short time before its pubBy what stages the gentleman passed into the historian "studies of the historian, and one which, with different lication, that a book by William Hickling Prescott was Mr Ticknor now proceeds to show. His father's means "secretaries or readers, he was able to keep up to the last." about to appear, were easy, and the question was not how to procure a live- In working to a special end, as in his laying of a broad The fact (says his friend Mr Gardiner) excited the greatest lihood, but how to find an occupation for a life that was to foundation for all future work, Mr Prescott went resolutely surprise, curiosity, and interest. The day of its appearance was be almost the life of a blind man. Young Prescott chose and slowly through an arranged mass of study. He looked forward to and talked of. It came, and there was a perfect deliberately literature as his pursuit, and proceeded to put studied general history and the philosophy of history, had from being a man of letters,-indeed, a person who rarely read a rush to get copies. A convivial friend, for instance, who was far himself into a course of thorough training. He studied, the Spanish grammar read over to him that he might feel book,-got up early in the morning, and went to wait for the openlike a schoolboy, Lindley Murray, and Blair's Rhetoric, sure-footed in the language, learnt Spanish topography from ing of the publisher's shop, so as to secure the first copy. It came and the prefatory matter to Johnson's Dictionary. Then books of travels, and as he approached his particular sub-out at Christmas, and was at once adopted as the fashionable he began and proceeded systematically to make himself ject went afresh over the concluding parts of Mariana's Christmas and New Year's present of the season. is the history of this remarkable sale at its outbreak. Love of the acquainted with the best English writers, noticing the History, the best general outline that might serve as basis author gave the first impetus. That given, the extraordinary merits style of each, from Ascham, Sir Philip Sidney, Bacon, for his own work, and proceeded then to the special autho- of the work did all the rest. Raleigh, and Milton, down to our own times; giving at the rities for special portions of his subject. So he worked Meanwhile in England, declined by Mr Murray the same time an hour a day to the old Latin authors, in whom with the reader or secretary by whose eyes he was to be elder and by Messrs Longman, Mr Prescott's work was he noticed not so much their style as their sentiments. served. A green screen darkened that part of the room accepted by Mr Bentley, who became its English pubHaving finished this course in about a year, he turned to towards which he turned his face. The window behind lisher, and sent word to its author that he was "proud of French, and dealt with that language as he had dealt with him was fitted with a series of blue muslin curtains, of "having published such a book, and thought it would English. But, except in Lafontaine and Molière, he found which he knew the strings as a sailor knows his ropes, and "prove the best he had ever brought out." Its success French literature less rich, vigorous, and original. While with which he would adjust the degree of his light, even to was soon everywhere as complete as it deserved to be. seriously studying French literature during parts of the the change made by the passing of a cloud. In his grate, We have traced thus far, by help of his friend's deyears 1822 and 1823 Prescott listened also to much when there was a fire, it was a coke fire that gave out no lightful record, the story of the formation of the best hisreading of miscellaneous history, was going through a flame, while even then a screen shut off from his eyes the glare torian America has yet produced. When his first work somewhat complete course of the English drama, and was of the embers. Sometimes his own eyes could read a little, appeared he was in his forty-second year, his character was attending, as far as he had opportunity, to the old English but usually he sat holding the ivory style of a noctograph' formed, the way of his life was fixed, and in a little while romantic literature. In the autumn of 1823, his age then apparatus for writing by the blind which he had brought his fame was established. The rest of his career, until his being twenty-seven, the labour of preparation for a literary from England, making occasional notes with it, asking that sudden death by apoplexy in January 1859, we leave to life proceeded into studies of Italian literature, which made certain passages read should be marked for re-reading or be read in Mr Ticknor's pages, lively with minute and pleaa deep impression on him, and into which his mind could future reference, and listening intently, with the aid of the sant detail that adds to the reader's knowledge of a man enter far more thoroughly than into the literature of France. unusually good memory that could now serve him in his whom it is liberal education to know well. There is the same After a year's work at Italian he pursued the plan he had laid need, from ten in the morning until two in the afternoon, bright, kindly, joyous nature running through all, even to down for himself by attacking German. Two years earlier he and from about six to eight in the evening. The interven- the last word Prescott spoke. The biography includes also had written, "I am now twenty-six years of age nearly. By ing time he spent in digesting all that he had heard. correspondence, in which letters to or from friends and "the time I am thirty, God willing, I propose, with what While he was thus working Mr Prescott lost the eldest of acquaintances of mark in England and America have been "stock I have already on hand, to be a very well-read his two children, a pet daughter of four or five years old, selected with sound judgment. The book, in short, is all English scholar; to be acquainted with the classical and who had been always a welcome intruder in his study. A that could be wished. It is illustrated with a portrait on "useful authors, prose and poetry, in Latin, French, and fortnight after the death of his child he resolved to begin, steel from a photograph taken in 1856, with a steel en"Italian, and especially in history; I do not mean a and began, with the assistance of his father as a man skilled graving of a photograph from Mr Prescott's bust by "critical or profound acquaintance. The two following in the scrutiny of evidence, a course of inquiry into the evi- Greenough, with sketches of different houses that were Mr "years I may hope to learn German, and to have read the dence of Christianity. This only confirmed a living faith in Prescott's temporary homes, interior views of his study, "classical German writers; and the translations, if my the Gospels and a reverence for Scripture, that he resolved and of the library in Beacon street, Boston; besides headeyes continue weak, of the Greek. And this is enough never to cloud with a word of levity, "but he did not find pieces and initial letters worthy of a piece of Messrs Welch "for general discipline." But over German he broke "in the Gospels, or in any part of the New Testament, the and Bigelow's American printing that quite equals the down, and perhaps the unsettlement of mind which now "doctrines commonly accounted orthodox, and he deli- best work of the press of Mr Whittingham. lasted for about a twelvemonth may have been the cause "berately recorded his rejection of them." Meanwhile rather than the consequence of a failure that Mr Ticknor Prescott was writing every year one literary article for attributes to the greater difficulty of the language. But the North American Review, and three years and a half after while the study of German lay in abeyance Prescott's mind he had fixed his choice upon a subject, after three months' was directed strongly towards Spanish. His friend and reading and taking notes for his first chapter, he began to biographer had then been for two or three years exclusively write. It was a month before that first chapter was devoting himself to Spanish literature, and had been written, and afterwards it was re-written. In two months The author of this curious little volume is the same Mr lecturing on Spanish literary history in Harvard College. more, he had reached the end of the third chapter, and was Markham who twice travelled in Peru, once in 1853 and To amuse and occupy Prescott in that season of irresolute alarmed at the extent to which he had overrun the space once in 1860, being employed by the Indian Department on listlessness, Mr Ticknor read to him on successive evenings marked out in his synopsis. Yet it was long before the last of these occasions to collect and transfer to India his college lectures upon Spanish literature, and the he abandoned his first purpose of confining the work to the celebrated Cinchona, or Jesuit's bark plant, heretofore biographer now touches lightly and modestly upon the fact two volumes. He admitted a third volume, but kept confined to the mountains of Peru, and who published a that they set Mr Prescott's mind to work on a new course his resolve to abide within that limit. Constantly ex- most instructive and faithful narrative of his adventures and of study. He began to study Spanish with M. Jossé's ceeding his allowance of space, he as constantly re-wrote successful travels. Of his services in conveying the cinGrammar and Solis's Conquista de Mexico' for his first and abridged his work so as to keep within it. In his chona let us say a few passing words. Next to the opium reading-book. Mr Ticknor was away from home during manner of constructing a history he was much guided by poppy, the cinchona is the most valuable ingredient of the the next winter, but Prescott, left with free range of the the treatise of Mabley, 'Sur l'Etude de l'Histoire.' Still whole Materia Medica. An apprehension existed that the Spanish books in his library, proceeded with his Spanish the old joyous, gentle nature sustained him in all his tree would soon be exhausted by the vast demands for it. studies, and on his friend's return began to write notes in struggle against the impediment set in his way by Every tree is cut down in Peru for its bark, and no care is Spanish, borrowing and returning books, and sometimes physical infirmity. "There is no happiness," he wrote taken to assist nature in furnishing a new supply, just as giving his opinion of those he sent home. after he had proceeded for several years with his work, happens with the plants producing India rubber and gutta Contributions towards a Grammar and Dictionary of the Having advanced thus far in his preliminary training "there is no happiness so great as that of a permanent and percha. Whether the apprehension be well founded or not for the profession he had chosen, Mr Prescott began to search "lively interest in some intellectual labour. . . As does not affect the merits of the man by whose persefor a particular subject that he might, in continuation of "this must be my principal material for happiness, I verance, skill, and diplomatic tact the cinchona tree has his studies, fit himself to write about. He conceived and "should cultivate those habits and amusements most been supplied to our own dominions. There it now considered such topics for his first book as Spanish History "congenial with it, and these will be the quiet domestic flourishes as if in its native Ceylon land, in the mountains from the Invasion of the Arabs to the Consolidation of the "duties-which will also be my greatest pleasures-and of the Himalaya, of the Neilgherries, and ghauts of Monarchy under Charles V.; a history of the Revolution"temperate social enjoyments, not too frequent and Malabar. of ancient Rome that converted the Republic into a "without excess. Seek to do some good Mr Markham appears to have passed his leisure hours in Monarchy; a history or general examination of Italian "to society by an interest in obviously useful and the study of the Quichua, or language of the Incas of Literature; American History; a biographical sketch of "benevolent objects. Preserve a calm, philosophical, Peru, the only people of America who had so long practised eminent geniuses, with criticisms on their productions, and "elevated way of thinking on all subjects connected agriculture that their exhausted lands required dressing to on the character of their times; a history of the Reign of "with the action of life. Think more seriously of the restore their fertility. Hence the renowned guano, or sea Ferdinand and Isabella. To the last-named subject he "consequences of conduct. Cherish devotional feelings of birds' dung, which once fertilized the lands of Peru, and made up his mind in January, 1826, and he was preparing "reliance on the Deity." So he wrote at the age of thirty-which now enhances the productiveness of the fields of Engfor a thorough course of special study, with the help of nine. In that year he finished his history of Ferdinand land to the yearly amount of near 150,000 tons, equal to the books procured from Spain, when the strain over a letter, and Isabella, having allowed himself for the closing chapter dressing of six millions of acres. Trade is a mighty engine of carefully written for the furtherance of this desire, pro- which reviewed the whole subject five months of labour, human comfort and civilization. As to the Quichua language, duced what he spoke of as "a new disorder" in the eye, and having taken seven. The completed labour of ten Mr Markham tells us in the volume now before us that it which seemed to him to add an injury to the nerve, from years was then before him. As the work proceeded, he had "had its origin in the districts around the ancient city which he never afterwards recovered. The marks made caused four copies to be printed for his private use, in large "of Cusco, and, as is well known, it was the policy of the on his temples by the cuppings he then underwent he car-type and upon only one side of each leaf. In such a copy" Incas of Peru to introduce it into every country they ་་ gone a ruption and constraint. conquered. Thus its use was gradually extended over few Europeans before him had visited, is told with trans-" stance of his house for love, it would utterly be con"the vast region from Quito to the frontiers of Chile and parent honesty and excellent wit. "temned." Of the song itself he says: "Tucuman, which formed the Empire of the Incas." About Egypt and Syria, having little that was new to M. Ernest Rénan has happily divided this poem, and apportioned Of the 1,200 enumerated distinct languages of America, tell, he tells but little. The bulk of his work is a record its parts to suitable speakers, without disturbing the position of any we have no doubt but that this Peruvian tongue was the of what he saw and did in Arabia, Persia, India, and the one verse or word in the received text, and without importing into it most extensively spoken, for most of the rest were the islands beyond India. The city of Mecca he found to be single attempt at emendation, or introducing any extraneous idea. Sulem, a village of northern Palestine belonging to the tribe of tongues of small tribes of arrant savages, and even in "most beautiful, and very well inhabited, containing about Issachar, is by a well-known part of Sacred History (1 Kings ch. i.) Mexico the Aztec, or language of the conquerors, was " 6,000 families," and he was especially struck by the designated as a locality where might be found virtuous and beautiful accompanied by a score of tongues wholly distinct from it. number of foreigners passing through it and dwelling in maidens. The argument of "The Song of Songs" is the romantic The wide spread of the Quichua is, therefore, clear evi- it, some on religious pilgrimages, but more for trading adventure of one such, brought into great danger by a slight imprudence, and escaping temptation by faithfulness to her pledged dence of the power as well as the civilization of the Peru- purposes, bringing commodities from the most distant love. She is a Hebrew Pamela. Her virtuous heart disdained vians. "He who travels," says Mr Markham, "in the parts of India and Africa to be carried on for sale in luxury of the harem, the fascinations of glittering ornaments "land of the Incas, and sees the rapid diminution of the Europe. All the ships for Mecca had to call at Aden, and accompanied by the dull flattery of a dotard, and even the excite "aboriginal population and the constantly increasing cor- there our traveller found a very rude system of custom- ment of being the adored object of a whole city's gaze in a royal "ruption of their ancient tongue through the substitution house supervision. "As soon as a ship comes into port procession. She was an orphan in the custody of avaricious brothers. King Solomon's emissaries were prowling the country, purveyors of "of the Spanish for Quichua words, the introduction of "the officers of the Sultan of the said city board it, and stock for the sensual monarch's seraglio. Her guardian brothers, Spanish idioms, and the loss of all purity of style, cannot "desire to know whence it comes, the nature of its cargo, calculating the price to be obtained for her, thought, with proverbially "but feel that the language once so flourishing, which was "and when it left its own country, and how many persons national aptitude for traffic, to make their demands proportionate to "used by a polished Court and a well-established Govern- "there are on board. And when they have obtained this the facility or the difficulty of obtaining her assent to the condition in which they proposed to place her. The King was truly working ment, which was spoken throughout the extent of country information, they remove from the said ship the masts, out a literal fulfilment to the prophecy of Samuel respecting kingly "is now fast disappearing. Ere long, perhaps, it will fade sails, rudders, and anchors, and carry them all into the government (vide 1 Samuel viii, 10-18) a fact glossed over, not "away entirely from the memory of living generations." "said city; and this they do in order that the said persons unaccountably, in many an ingenious critic's or learned biblicist's "With it will disappear the richest form of the great may not depart without paying the dues to the Sultan." established treatise on "Fulfilled Prophecy." The brothers, to evade At Aden Varthema was seized on suspicion of being a Lebanon.' There they assigned to her the charge of overseeing a vinehis agents, sent their sister to a remote part of the country nearer to "American of languages, no small loss to the student group "of philology. With it will be lost all the traditions Christian spy, and put in prison for sixty-five days. In a yard. Her heart had been already given to a shepherd, and she "which yet remain of the old glory of the Incas, all the long and amusing narrative he tells how he deceived all expected his love would compel him to seek the neighbourhood of her 'poems, elegies, and love-songs which stamp the character who had charge of him, and used the great favour shown new abode. At an early hour of the morning, before the duties of "of a once happy people." him by the Queen of the country in obtaining his liberty. tending the vines had commenced, she went from the vineyard to see As soon as he was released he went to see some parts of there. She was caught and carried to the royal seraglio in Jeruif her lover thus showed reciprocal fidelity. The King's agents were Now, although we agree with our author in the necessity Arabia that he had not already visited, and then proceeded salem. and propriety of preserving a record of the ancient language to Persia, calling first at the island of Hormuz, the head- The author aims at showing us in each act his heroine passing of the Incas, we cannot join him and the historian Prescott quarters of the pearl-trade. There he saw the people through a temptation which ends in the victory of true love over cor in their high estimate of Peruvian civilization, and their fishing for pearls in the manner still followed by the men regret at the change which the Peruvian language has under- of these parts. "There are certain fishers, with some place and scene wrought chiefly by the imagination of the audience; The system of composition has two essential marks: change of since the Conquest. We cannot, for example, conceive "little boats, who throw out a large stone attached to a and recitals to supply what the imperfect histrionic means at the "a polished Court where the courtiers could neither read northick rope, one from the stern and one from the prow, author's disposal would leave obscure. The medieval "Mysteries" "write," and as to the present language, we have not the "in order that the said boats may remain firm; and they are examples of a similar state of dramatic performances. smallest doubt but that it has received advantages from its throw down another rope, also with a stone, to the The play shows us the Sulamite isolated from all objects of attachadmixture of Spanish, corresponding to those which the bottom. In the middle of the boat is one of these fishers, inmates of the harem who would have her become one with them. ment, and exposed to the solicitations and example of the luxurious Anglo-Saxon received from admixture with French, and "who hangs a couple of bags round his neck, and ties Her senses are overpowered by artificial odours. Mingled with the Celtic languages of Britain, Ireland, and Armorica, from large stone to his feet, and goes fifteen paces under water, praises of her personal beauty, she hears ironical sarcasms in ridicule an admixture, first of Latin and then of English and French." and remains there as long as he is able, in order to find of virtuous affection. She is honoured with the pomp of a royal The admission of foreign words in such cases does not imply "the oysters in which are pearls. As he finds them he thoughts are engrossed by recollections of the shepherd to whom her entry as the King's chosen bride. She repels all templation. Her corruption but improvement, for they are evidence of the "puts them into bags, and then leaves the stone which he truth is plighted. She hours only him. For him she disregards the access of new ideas. Mr Markham anticipates the loss "had at his feet, and comes up by one of the ropes." In King's fulsome adulation, looks with disdain upon the tempter, and which letters would sustain by the change of the ancient most of the other places that he visited, Varthema saw turns away from the scene of splendid vice. She escapes, while the tongue, although it is difficult to understand what kind commerce and society in almost exactly the same state in King's prurient eyes are engrossed by a lascivious paramour. of literature worth preserving could have existed in the which we see them now. The maiden is then triumphantly welcomed in her return to the At Herât he found "an abun-abode of innocence; and disdaining pecuniary gain, she goes undowered ignorance of letters which the Peruvians shared, in common "dance of stuffs, and especially of silks, so that in one day to her lover's arms. The moral is solemnly enunciated by a grave with all Americans. In truth, it was the very art which you can purchase here three or four thousand camel-loads friend; and King Solomon's representative is left an object of deri the conquerors taught them which has enabled us to know of silk; "and at Shiraz he saw a wonderful supply of sion to the actors and spectators of this drama, invented to instruct, what the Peruvian civilization was 350 years ago. The turquoises, rubies, and musk. "The Persians," as well as delight, the pure-minded despisers of his pomp and senpeople who spoke the Quichua language were conquerors, traveller, "are the most cunning men in intellect, and at suality. The temptations of the Sulamite are the acts of the drama. In and their Empire was formed by a succession of conquests falsifying things, of any nation in the world. And I each act the tale is completed by her overcoming a special temptation. of feebler tribes than themselves in a long sequence of "likewise will say of them that they are the best com- The terminations of the first two acts are identical. There is no ages, yet so feeble was this boasted fabric that it fell with panions and the most liberal of any men who inhabit the continuation of the story from act to act; yet the fifth act works out unprecedented facility before the attack of a few hundred earth." a conclusion by showing the King's attention entirely diverted from his attempts to seduce the virtuous maiden. The daughter of some half-armed Spaniards of a rude European age. Two-thirds of Varthema's narrative treat of India and subdued monarch exhibits her charms in a dance. An opportunity Having made these few strictures, we have to recom- the islands of the Indian Archipelago. His first visit was thus arises, as in a modern opera is found some excuse for introducing mend the Grammar and Dictionary of the ingenious and to Guzerat, whose Sultan "had mustachios under his nose the ballet, to show the graces of a professionally trained dancer. The fascinations of a skilled artist engross the sensual voluptuary's diligent author to the curious in Philology and Ethnology. so long that he tied them over his head as a woman The Grammar, which is perspicuously written, extends to "would tie her tresses." He made a long stay at to her mother's cottage and its well-remembered apple-tree. A eyes. The maiden escapes. Her beloved shepherd bears her home forty-five pages, and the Dictionary, which pretends to be Calicut, "the place of the greatest diguity in India," and villager speaks the moral of the piece. In a short epilogue, the no more than the sample of one, consists of two parts, he fills three-and-twenty chapters with an account of its brothers are shown unconscious of all that has been going on. They Quichua explained in English and English-Quichua, the topography, trade, agriculture, and animal and vegetable are money-making Hebrews, calculating their expected gain. The first containing about 2,800 words, and the last, more productions, as well as of the mode of government and safe, not by their protection. She has received, on leaving the palace heroine sneers at their want of precaution. She proclaims herself copious, above 5,300. If the Quichua be as copious as the administration of justice, religious observances and with honour, a present of money, as Oriental usage would dictate. language of the Maoris of New Zealand, Mr Markham's divisions into castes, warfare and navigation. "They She shows herself superior to mercenary respectability by paying to essay, as represented by the last of these numbers, will "make their vessels," he says, "each of three or four Solomon, somewhat sarcastically, rent due for the vineyard; and embrace one half of the language of the Incus. The "hundred butts. And when they build the vessels they then, handing the overplus to her brothers, she is, without a dowry, accepted by her beloved. Spaniards of Peru have published many grammars and "do not put any oakum between one plank and another Vocabularies of the Quichua, but the work of the diligent "in any way whatever, but they join the planks so well, This is absurdly ingenious, but Mr Hambleton's reducand observant Clements Markham is the first of its kind "that they keep out the water most excellently. And tion of the whole idea into verse is only ingeniously by an Englishman. "then they lay on pitch outside, and put in an immense absurd. For example : "quantity of iron nails. The sails are made of cotton, "and at the foot of the sails they carry another sail, and they spread this when they are sailing in order to catch more wind; so that they carry two sails where we carry "only one.' The Travels of Ludovico di Varthema in Egypt, Syria, "Arabia Deserta and Arabia Felix, in Persia, India, and Ethiopia, A.D. 1503 to 1508. Translated from the Original Italian Edition of 1510; with a Preface by John Winter Jones, Esq., F.S.A.; und Edited, with Notes and an Introduction, by George Percy Badger, late Government Chaplain in the Presidency of Bombay, Author of 'The Nestorians and their Rituals, &c. &c. &c. With a Map. Printed for the Hakluyt Society. A new publication by the Hakluyt Society is always welcome. The rare books or hitherto unprinted manuscripts selected for issue are never ill-chosen, and never published without good editing. But in the present instance the Society has been particularly fortunate. Better editors than Mr Winter Jones and Mr Badger could not easily have been found, and their scholarship has been well employed in making known to English readers the story of an old traveller, hardly less amusing and instructive than Marco Polo or Sir John Mandeville. say's our Varthema's account of the far off Indian islands is less a trustworthy than the other parts of his narrative, not "Her look!" What means that fiery flash? As if my ears had heard the clash the third act: On the sides of Mount Gilead the goats hang in flocks, The Song of Songs [The Voice of the Bridegroom and the Voice of the Bride?] Divided into Acts and Scenes, with the Dialogues apportioned to the different Interlocutors, chiefly as directed by M. the Professor Ernest Rénan, Membre de l'Institut. Rendered into Verse from the received English Translation and other Versions, by Joseph Hambleton. Trübner and Co. The author of this little publication unwittingly reduces the secularization of the Song of Songs to absurdity by Of Ludovico di Varthema nothing is known, save what not only accepting M. Rénan's view of the distribution of he himself has told in the narrative of his travels. A its several parts among different speakers, but by giving us native of Bologna, he left Europe towards the end of 1502, a rhymed version of it as a five-act drama, coming from "determined personally, and with his own eyes, to endeavour a people of whom he admits that they had no theatre at "to ascertain the situations of places, the qualities of all. The arguments to his acts read more absurdly than "peoples, the diversities of animals, the varieties of the his prefatory account based on M. Rénan's view of the The "fruit-bearing and odoriferous trees of Egypt, Syria, whole festal poem as it may have been once performed with "Arabia Deserta and Felix, Persia, India, and Ethiopia, alternate song and dance at marriage feasts. The spirit "remembering well that the testimony of one eye-witness of the work the author of this version sums up in its "is worth more than ten thousand hearsays," and the pith words: " Many waters cannot quench love, neither can of his five years' observations in regions, many of which"the floods drown it. If a man would give all the sub-support he here receives, At the festival joyous, the pride of the year, As the halves of a pomegranate, under thy veil, King is interrupted in his stale song of compliment by the SHEPHERD, who speaks as from without: Certainly M. Rénan has no reason to be grateful for the In the Tropics. By a Settler in Santo Domingo. With you, and feel a pride and pleasure in affording instruction in knot- "tors to approach nearer the discovery of what they are; an Introductory Notice by Richard B. Kimball, ting, splicing, steering, and many other minor sailor-like accomplish-to disclose the peculiarities of their structure; to show Author of St Leger.' Sampson Low, Son, and ments, which no class can more thoroughly instil into your hitherto uninitiated mind. I would recommend you to habituate yourself to "how each of the New Testament writings grew out of Marston. regard the seamen as humble and dependent friends, by their situa-"cotemporary circumstances, and can only be understood "This work," says Mr Kimball, its American editor, tion excluded from most of the advantages of knowledge and educa- "in reference to those circumstances; how, in short, by "is written with a simplicity absolutely fascinating, re-tion which you possess, but who, in every time of danger, are the "giving up a delusive semblance of pragmatical history, "minding us of the finer passages of Defoe." Few critics first to rush forward, and, amidst the fury of the gale, the havoc of "we get substantial materials for a reliable literary history." artillery, and the peril of shipwreck, are ever ready to expose themon this side of the Atlantic will be able to say quite as selves for a good officer, to protect his person, shield his honour, and Baur's labours in this direction began nearly forty years much in its praise; but it is too good a book to be lost exalt his name in the records of his country's glory. Nor must you ago, his Symbolik und Mythologie' having been pubsight of. It is a straightforward and intelligent account be led away by the idea that they are universally men of extravagant lished in 1825, and as his opinions gained ground in Gerof the way in which a young man, emigrating from New or dissolute habits. You will find many of them discerning, temperate, many, he drew to his side vast numbers of free theological and sagacious, uniformly regular and exemplary in their conduct, York to St Domingo, prospered in his adopted home. and who would scorn to transgress their duty, with as much firmness writers, amongst whom some of the principal may be cited: Telling his story in a dozen chapters, the author gives an as the most high-minded and well-educated gentlemen; whilst the Zeller, formerly professor of philosophy at Marburg, and interesting narrative of his own experiences of the island, many instances of filial piety, in allotting great part of their pay to now occupying the philosophical chair at Jena; Schwegler, its people, and its productions during the twelve months their parents, should afford you a high opinion of their generosity and who has been dead some years; Ritschl and Volkmar, both in succession, put together in such an orderly way that it sense of natural affection. Never, then, address them with contume of them professors of theology, the first at Basle, the second lious epithets nor in any way abuse your authority over them. may serve as a guide to any who are disposed to follow. at Zürich, where they still exercise those functions; and his example. "The most manly workers I have seen in On the nature of "true" and "false" valour, Captain Hilgenfeld, a Jena professor, who by the number and "this country," he writes, "are white men; under the Inglefield makes the following admirable observations: importance of his works is looked upon as the present "warm sun of the tropics white working men and machi- "True valour" reserves itself to be exercised in the hour of peril, head of the Tübingen School, Dr Baur having died in "nery will yet open the grandest field of civilization ever face of death. It is meek, calm, passive, forbearing, and deliberate in the presence of the enemy, in the fury of the tempest, and in the 1860. What the results of the Tübingen School have "realised;" and the purport of his book is to show what and though it may sometimes involuntarily flash forth in a transient been Mr Mackay sets forth in his present work, which is a facilities it offers to enterprising settlers. expression of indignation, at instances of meanness, falsehood, dupli- careful and elaborate examination of the whole question of They must be as prudent and painstaking, however, as city and treachery, it must be highly provoked indeed to become a Biblical criticism. Keeping aloof, ourselves, from the enthe author of this book if they expect to share his pros- wilful aggressor. True valour is humble, generous, liberal, kind, tanglements of theological discussion, and withholding all and conciliating, the friend of the weak, the irresolute, and the perity. Leaving New York with little besides his wits to oppressed; ever cautious of giving wilful offence to any, and silently advocacy of this or that particular philosophical or religious help him, he bought forty acres of excellent land for a satisfied with itself, makes no parade, never wantons with the feelings view, we may say with perfect truth that Mr Mackay conlittle over thirty pounds, and set to work to farm it with of others, nor offers provocation to the most insignificant of its ducts his arguments and exposes his opinions in a manner his own hands. On the 1st of January he put up a tent to associates; courteous, gay, invincible, it plumes the crest of chivalry free alike from the dogmatism and the intemperance which serve as a dwelling-place until he could afford something with genuine heroism, and will die to defend a comrade or succour a disfigure so much controversial writing. The great prinfallen foe. False valour is selfish, captious, quarrelsome, boisterous, better. A black neighbour and his wife acted as both and inflated with vanity; makes an exhibition in trifles, provokes ciple which he maintains is thorough impartiality, without friends and servants to him, and with their help, followed occasion, courts a name, bullies the timid, tries to irritate the patient which, he justly says, no judgment is of value; and in by the kindly offices of other settlers, rich and poor, who and placid, and to intimidate the young and inexperienced; but in favour of free inquiry he observes as follows: "Men eagerly adopted his improvements upon their rude ways of the moment of real and imminent danger, cracks like the flash of a "hold independent inquiry to be less safe as well as far pistol, and, shrinking beneath the gaze of collected fortitude, farming, he prospered well. In the course of the year a disperses in smoke. Stupified by the actual presence of real danger, "more arduous than the comfortable assurance obtained by house was built, good crops were gathered in, and the it stands astounded on the brink of destruction, incapable of an effort clustering together in blind submission to the transmitted ground was made fit for more abundant harvests in the to avert the impending calamity; while accumulation of peril only "tenets of some religious association, as if truth was genefuture. The last page of the diary tells of the settler's serves to arouse the intrepid breast to an energetic exercise of its rally or necessarily on the side of the majority instead of Christmas-keeping. "Our Christmas-tree was a thrifty tumult and disaster, the true dignity of manhood then asserts its sway" being very rarely so-' argumentum pessimi turba est.' inexhaustible resources; rising with the increase of surrounding.. "guava, a little beyond the spring, just where the sweep in the fulness of heroic magnanimity, calmly triumphs over its "of coffee, wild plum, and pomegranate trees mingle their hectoring adversary, and, the danger over, retires again within its "shrubbery hedge with the loftier growth of the grand own original tranquillity of soul. The parade of courage in a man "old fruit grove. There was plenty of soft grass under resembles coquetry in a woman,-both assume artificial weapons, "foot and cool shade overhead. The trees around supplied and under specious impostures endeavour to hide real deficiency; both are alike unworthy of serious notice. "the fruits; our viands were, to the last item, home"grown and home-made, and our beverages-mead, Passages equally interesting in a moral point of view "coffee, lemonade, native wines, and chocolate at the abound in Captain Inglefield's Words of Advice,' some "close of the day (after the presents were distri- space, yet not at all too much, being given to the perform"buted) were produced, without a single exception, on ance of religious duties; while on subjects of practical "my own place, or brought from Delfino's sugar planta- value in relation to naval service they form "a handy-book" "tion. Yet our forty guests, men, women, and children, of universal reference. "found no lack of wholesome and palatable variety at our "rustic banquet beside the Christmas-tree." The Jobsiad, a Grotesco-Comico-Heroic Poem. From Words of Advice to Young Naval Officers. By Capt. BOOKS OF THE WEEK. TRAVEL.-Ten Months in the Fiji Islands.' By Mrs Smythe. With an Introduction and Appendix by Colonel W. J. Smythe, Royal Artillery; late H.M. Commissioner to Fiji. Illustrated by Chromolitho graphs and Woodcuts from Sketches made on the Spot. With Maps by Arrowsm th. (8vo, pp. 283.) J. H. and J. Parker.-In the Tropics.' By a Settler in Santo Domingo. With an Introductory Notice by Richard B. Kimball, Author of 'St Leger.' (svo, pp. 306.) Sampson Low, Son, and Marston. tures Harmonized, Classified, Revised, with Notes Critical and ExplanaTHEOLOGY.-The Authorized Version of the Old Testament Scriptory. By Alex. Vance. (8vo, pp. 654.) For the Author, by G. Phipps, Tothill street, Westminster.-The Collected Writings of Edward Irving. In Five Volumes. Edited by his Nephew, the Rev. G. Carlyle, M.A. Vol. I. (8vo, pp. 645.) Strahan and Co. SCIENCE.The Elements of Mechanical Physics.' By J. C. Buckmaster. (Square 16mo, pp. 128.) Chapman and Hall. SOCIAL SCIENCE.-The Insane in Private Dwellings.' By Arthur Mitchell, A.M., M.D., Deputy-Commissioner in Lunacy for Scotland. (8vo, pp. 97.) Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas. FICTION.Madeleine Graham.' By the Author of Whitefriars,' Christmas at Old Court,' &c. In Three Volumes. (Post 8vo, pp. 328, 347, 328.) Maxwell and Co.- Miriam's Sorrow. By Mrs MackenzieDaniel, Author of After Long Years,' &c. In Two Volumes. (Post Banim, survivor of the "O'Hara Family." Author of Crohvore of the 8vo, pp. 325, 325.) Newby.-The Town of the Cascades.' By Michael Billhook,' and several other of the O'Hara Tales. In Two Volumes. (Post 8vo, pp. 284, 284) Chapman and Hall.- Vladimir and CatheTiger, or Kev in the Year 1861 An Historical Romance. By a Thirty Years' Resident in Russia. (Post 8vo, pp. 311.) Chapman and Hall.Peculiar.' A Tale of the Great Transition. By Epes Sargent. Edited by William Howitt. Authorized Edition. In Three Volumes. (Post Svc, pp. 306, 322, 311.) Hurst and Blackett.-' Wylder's Hand.' A WEEKLY.-Parliamentary Record.' Edited by Charles Ross. 1864. Mr Ticknor's Life of Prescott,' just arrived from America, is the book of a week not very fertile in new literature; upon that we have already dwelt. Shakespeare' has appeared. We add it to the store of The second volume of Mr Dyce's new edition of his recent Shakespeare literature upon which we have full comment in reserve. Mrs Smythe's 'Ten Months in the Fiji Islands,' illustrated with many pictures from drawings by herself, has The Tübingen School and its Antecedents: a Review of an Introduction and Appendix by her husband, Colonel the History and Present Condition of Modern Theology. W. J. Smythe, who upon the change of Ministry in 1859 By R. W. Mackay, M.A., Author of The Progress was sent by the Duke of Newcastle as Special Commisof the Intellect,'A Sketch of the History of Chris- sioner to the Fiji Islands to inquire on the spot into the tianity,' &c. Williams and Norgate. statements made concerning them by Mr Pritchard. Colonel and Mrs Smythe arrived at these islands in July 1860, and quitted them in May 1861. Mrs Smythe's letters and sketches from the Fij's thus visited constitute the chief part of this volume. Of 'In the Tropics' we have this week spoken elsewhere. In the first place you must remember that you are only a boy, having everything to learn, for a time merely repeating orders, the meaning of which you scarcely comprehend,-that many of the older seamen, to whom you may be ordered to address yourself, have served their country long and faithfully-perhaps in battle, and certainly in many a tempest,-and that a true British seaman of unblemished conduct, though undecorated by the external appendages Theological criticism in Germany has passed through of rank, is in reality one of the most valuable characters amongst numerous phases, the latest being that development which your countrymen. He bears with patience, and even cheerfulness, originated with Professor Ferdinand Christian Baur, who peril, privation, and hardships, at which the luxurious landsman would shudder with dismay. Amidst perpetual watchings, disease, was the founder of what is called The Tübingen School. toil, hunger, and thirst, alike to him are the midnight surges which This school, to use the words of Mr Mackay, had for its echo upon his ear from the breakers of a leeshore, or the wafted object "in a thoroughly free spirit to endeavour to supply Mr Vance's 'Harmonized Old Testament' is a re-arrangeodours of an Indian gale. His duty is his sole object. Patient," what was yet wanting for the comprehension of early ment of its historical matter only, which is redistributed orderly, and submissive, his life is spent in battling with the "Christian literature. The task undertaken was to clear with some changes of words and order of words from the elements; and after long years of this elemental strife, which has battered his manly frame, wrinkled his swarthy cheek, and depressed "up the problem left unresolved by Strauss, uncramped by authorized version, and printed in newly arranged chaphis hollow eye, he sinks, perhaps into silent oblivion, unknown to "the usual timidities and unworthy hesitations." Mrters (without any division into verses) like an ordinary that country which he has striven to defend from dishonour, his body Mackay then continues: "Strauss took the attitude of history. A handsome octavo volume, the first of five, is committed to the deep, and unfathomable waters are his tomb,"negation, which seems the secret of all new discovery. contains part of the works of Edward Irving, as a sequel but his merits are recorded elsewhere. Never, then, approach such a man without recollecting what is due to him; convey your orders in "He showed what the Gospels are not;-that they are not to his biography by Mrs Oliphant. an affable and friendly tone; he, in his turn, will esteem and respect strictly historical; it remained for Baur and his coadju- Mr Buckmaster's Elements of Mechanical Physics' is a capital little text-book adapted for aid to the instruction upon the Rigsdag maintaining the honour and independence of the ALTONA, Feb. 10.-News from the seat of war is still very vague. given in the evening classes of Mechanics' Institutes. country by all the legal means at its command, and on its calling upon Communication by railroad with Flensburg has not yet been re-esta the Government to take all measures for the most energetic defence for blished. It appears only certain that a portion of the Danish army, this purpose." This resolution was passed by both Houses, together instead of retreating to Alsen, has marched further north, pursued by with a second, authorising the preparation of an address to be presented the allies. General von Gablenz has addressed a letter of thanks to to the King. Advices from Stockholm state that popular demonstra- the Rendsburg authorities for the kind reception and care bestowed tions had taken place in that city, in front of the residence of the upon the wounded soldiers. in Dr Mitchell's book on 'The Insane in Private Dwellings' is meant to show the condition of the insane private dwellings as disclosed in Scotland, and also the extent of proper treatment which can, and should, be found in private dwellings for a certain class of the insane. Half-a-dozen new novels will be found in our List of Books of the Week, among which we all welcome the sight of a new tale by Michael Banim, and there is an English edition of an American anti-slavery tale of the Civil War, called 'Peculiar;'-its hero being a negro named "Peculiar Institution; "-written, says its English editor, Mr Howitt, by Mr Sargent, of Boston, U.S., the Chambers of America, who, he adds, "says to me, Here are my corrected sheets to the eighth edition of a work but a few days old; present them to your countrymen, and pay over the profits due to me to the fund for the relief of our wounded soldiers.'" * A paragraph_beginning "The Parliamentary Session of 1864," and ending in a tradesman's advertisement, appeared to our own great astonishment in our news columns last week. It was inserted late on Friday night by a printer's mistake, without the cognizance of editor, sub-editor, or publisher. We disclaim that paragraph with utter detestation for the class of which it was a sample. In no form whatever, whether with or without the word "Advertisement" attached, will the Examiner admit into its news columns a private puff. THE WAR IN DENMARK. Evacuation of Slesvig and Retreat of the Danes. The telegrams received last Saturday (which we published in our latest edition), led to the apprehension that the combined Austrian and Prussian troops had forced the position of Slesvig. The subsequent accounts received this week confirm that apprehension, and mark the progress of the Danish retreat to the island of Alsen, after gallantly holding their own as long as possible against the vastly superior armies of the invaders. In the absence of detailed account we publish the telegrams. RENDSBURG, Feb. 5.-The Austrians and Prussians have taken Fahrdorf to-night. At four p.m. to-day two Danish forts were entirely destroyed and razed to the ground. Danish Ambassador, in favour of Denmark. The THE TREATY OF 1852. A report of the War Minister has been published to-day, which continues quiet, and has thrown out patrols as far as Nybbol. The "RECHBERG." AUSTRIAN AND PRUSSIAN VIEWS. VIENNA, Feb. 10.-The Botschafter says: "Denmark, by its anterior conduct, and finally by its armed resistance, has abolished treaties. The London Treaty no longer exists. The great German Powers are masters of their policy towards Denmark. The ulterior events of the war, the circumstances under which peace will be concluded, and the regard due to the condition of Europe, will aid in determining what use they will make of this liberty of action." An engagement took place yesterday near Oversee between the Danish and Austrian troops. The Austrians, commanded by General Gablenz, completely defeated the Danes after a desperate resistance. Colonel Prince William of Wurtemberg and a lieutenant-colonel were The Ministerial organ, the Nord-Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, in severely wounded. 200 prisoners and six cannons of heavy calibre, writing on the proceedings the British Parliament, says: "Lord with a portion of the ammunition and baggage trains, were taken by Palmerston made three assertions in his speech of the 4th inst. in the the Austrians. Oversee, near which place the battle was fought, is House of Commons: First, that the great German Powers had declared situate between Slesvig and Flensburg, but nearer to the latter town. that they would maintain the integrity of the Danish monarchy; 8.-It was the intention of the Danish commander before evacuating secondly, that the German Federal Diet had no right to decide who Slesvig to blow up the castle of Gottorf, and to set fire to the maga- should be the Duke of Holstein; thirdly, that England was prepared 8.-The Austrians have attacked the Danish positions before Flens-zines. Having received orders to spare the King's birthplace neither to guarantee by treaty the revocation of the November Constitution, burg, while the Prussians are cutting off the enemy upon the right. of these intentions was carried into execution. The number of guns in lieu of the territorial guarantee demanded by the great Powers. The Danes are retreating. Large quantities of booty and many in position left behind by the Danes is stated to be 120. These three points are entirely without foundation, as the official docuprisoners have fallen into the hands of the allies. Fighting has taken BERLIN, Feb. 6.-The Austrian embassy in this city has received ments already published have amply proved. The German great place in the streets of North Flensburg, and a desperate struggle is the following telegram: "A communication was received from Gottorf Powers never entered into an engagement for the maintenance of the now going on at Ban and Kupfermühle. at 4.30 a.m. to-day at the Austrian head-quarters, stating that, according to a report from Colonel Feldegg, Slesvig had been evacuated integrity of the Danish monarchy. If the Federal Diet is not privileged to decide whether the hereditary Prince Frederick of Augustenburg without fighting. A deputation from the inhabitants waited upon should be recognized as Sovereign of Holstein, the European GovernLieutenant-General von Gablenz, and announced that the Danes had ments would be much less entitled to come to a decision on this Federal evacuated that city at 12.30 a.m. to-day. A report from Gottorf question. That England was prepared to guarantee the revocation of Castle announces that the Austrians took possession of Slesvig at seven the November Constitution may be disputed on the ground alone that o'clock this morning. The Danes, in evacuating the Danewirke, it was not in the power of the British Cabinet to give such a guarantee. left sixty heavy pieces of artillery behind them." How could it prevail upon the Danish Rigsraad to take that step? 9.-Much heavy artillery passed through this town to Flensburg in the course of the night. It is said that the allies intend to bombard the entrenchments before Duppel in place of assaulting them by storm. The Holsteiners who have deserted from the Danish army state: "The Danes have evacuated Flensburg. The Prussians and Austrians are north of Flensburg. The greater portion of the Danish troops have escaped to Alsen Island. In consequence of the hasty movements of The following telegram has been received here from Field It is presumptuous and inconsiderate to wish to dispose of the Conthe troops yesterday many dead were left on the different battle-fields. Marshal von Wrangel: "Slesvig, Feb. 6, 10.45 a.m. The stitution of another State as of an ownerless thing, and to imagine In the northern part of Flensburg the inhabitants favourable to the Danes evacuated Slesvig last night, without awaiting the attack that the great German Powers could not enforce compliance with a Danes erected barricades and fired on the Austrians, who lost in and which was intended to be made to-day. The regiments commanded demand which it is their right and interest to insist on, but that they before the town 1,100 men in killed and wounded." by Generals von Gablenz and von der Mulbe are pursuing the enemy should require English assistance and intervention in order to attain FLENSBURG, Feb. 6.-The Danish army is being concentrated here.to Flensburg. Many guns have fallen into our hands. The Austrians their object. We decidedly repel this presumption." 8.-Field-Marshal von Wrangel's head-quarters are still here. have occupied Gottorf Castle. The troops are now pursuing the enemy Prince Frederick Charles is in Gluckburg, and the out-posts to Flensburg. It appears that the Danish decision was influenced by of the Prussian Guards occupy the Bau. No fresh engagement the knowledge that the Prussians under Prince Frederick Charles had has occurred. Danish prisoners are constantly being brought in her concentrated yesterday afternoon opposite Arnis and Cappeln, for the from the north. By order of Field-Marshal von Wrangel the German purpose of crossing the Slei. flags have been removed, but the Slesvig-Holstein colours have not been prohibited. 9.-A proclamation issued by Field-Marshal von Wrangel declares the authority of the King of Denmark to be suspended in Slesvig. The public functionaries will be maintained so long as they obey the Austrian and Prussian Civil Commissioners. All political meetings are prohibited, and tranquillity and obedience are recommended to the inhabitants. The railway between Flensburg and Rendsburg is restored. ECKERNFORDE, Feb. 7.-Cappeln, on the north bank of the Slei, bas been occupied by the Prussian division under Prince Frederick Charles, after having been previously evacuated by the Danes. KIEL, Feb. 6.—It is officially announced from "Rendsburg that the Danes have evacuated the Dannewerke, leaving sixty guns behind them. The Austrian head-quarters are at Gottorf. A deputation has arrived here from the town of Eckernförde to do homage to Duke Frederick of Augustenburg. 9.-Duke Frederick has received deputations from Schwansen, Ahlefeld, and Tonningen. COPENHAGEN, Feb. 6.-The news that the Danish army, by order of the Commander-in-Chief, had evacuated the Dannewerke, leaving behind them the material of war, and retreated to Dybbel, has aroused indescribable indignation and excitement in this city. Both houses of the Rigsdag (the Assembly for Denmark proper) have suspended their sitting. A proclamation of the King to the army has produced an unfavourable impression. 7.-Demonstrations have been made before the palace of the King to-day, demanding explanations of the order given to the Danish troops to retire from the Dannewerke. The Minister of War has declared that he had nothing to do with this order. Proceedings of the German Federal Diet. FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, Feb. 11.-At the sitting of the Federal Diet to-day the report of the majority of the Holstein Committee upon the London Treaty was read, regarding the treaty in its bearing upon Prince Frederick Charles threw a pontoon bridge over the Slei, near the succession question. The views of two sections of the minority Arnis, last night, and crossed the river with his division. Röder's bri of the committee were also submitted. They consisted of an identical gade crossed in boats, and has already pushed forward and captured opinion of the Austrian and Prussian representatives, and an opinion four 24-pounders. No losses on our side. of the representative of Mecklenburg, arrived at upon different 7.-The Government has given orders that, in reprisals for the grounds. Both advocated that this report should be discussed on the embargo placed by Denmark upon Prussian shipping, all Danish ship- occasion of the report to be made shortly on the claims of succession ping shall be seized iu Prussian ports. Count Revertera has been of the Duke of Augustenburg. Voting is to take place upon the proappointed Austrian Civil Commissioner for Slesvig, positions of the majority and minority of the committee in a fortnight. 10.-The Spenersche Zeitung of to-day says: "On the morning The representatives of Austria and Prussia declared that the nature of after the engagement at Oversee the corps of General von Gablenz, the present occupation by the two great German Powers of the Slesvig and the Prussian division commanded by General von Mulbe villages allotted to Holstein upon the north of the Eider is without entered Flensburg. They found the town already occupied by the prejudice to the rights of the Confederation and of Holstein. The cavalry of Prince Frederick Charles, which had marched from Arnes to announcement of the representative of Lubeck, that an embargo had Flensburg in one day. Generals von Gablenz and Mulbe, having been laid upon shipping, was referred to a committee. allowed their troops a day's rest, which they urgently required, advanced towards the entrenchments at Duppel." VIENNA, Feb. 7.-Denmark has informed the Vienna Cabinet that she would not place an embargo on Austrian shipping if Austria would act in a similar manner. To this the Vienna Cabinet is said to have assented. HAMBURG, Feb. 6.-At two o'clock this morning, during a snow storm, 300 fishing boats conveyed the Prussians across the Slei, between Arnis and Cappeln. THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA. The news received from New York up to the evening of the 29th ult. is of little importance. General Dodge, commanding at Pulaski, Tennessee, reports that the Confederates have been repulsed in an 9.-Rumours are current here that disturbances of a serious nature attack upon Athens, Alabama. Despatches from General Thomas have taken place in Copenhagen. According to information received confirm General Dodge's report, and state the Confederate loss at here, the Prussians were engaged with the Danes at Duppel, and had eighteen killed and captured, and that of the Federals at ten wounded, lost 500 men. Duke Frederick has been proclaimed in Flensburg. 7.The téte-de-pont at Missunde has been blown up. The Aus- have fallen back from Dalton to Kingstown, eighty miles south of Despatches via Cincinnati of the 18th assert that the Confederates trians are pursuing the Danes to Flensburg, and have captured some Chattanooga. Nashville despatches report cavalry skirmishing near guns. A sanguinary engagement has taken place near Idstedt. More Knoxville on the 23rd. Confederate accounts of that date assert that The Danish Commander-in-Chief, General de Meza, and the chief proclamations of Duke Frederick have taken place in Slesvig. the Confederate cavalry were within four miles of the town and bad of the staff have been recalled. General de Luttichan has been temThe Danes evacuated Tonningen and Fredrickstadt the day before captured 500 cattle and 100 waggons, besides much other property. porarily entrusted with the command of the army. Notwithstanding yesterday. Some twenty soldiers, natives of Slesvig and Holstein, It is reported via Richmond, the 25th, that the Mississippi River is its being Sunday both Chambers of the Rigsdag held a public sitting deeerted on that occasion from the Danish army, and made off for blockaded at Granville and Milliken's Bend by Confederate batteries; to-day. Overcome by the fatigue occasioned by five days' constant duty, the 8.-Officers report that the Prussians have marched upon Duppel near Vicksburg, in which a number of whites and several hundred also that a fight between Federal white and negro troops had occurred Danish army, giving way to superior force, retreated to Düppel, on from Holnis. They are said to have carried the entrenchments before negroes were killed. The negroes were overpowered. reaching which place the cavalry took a northerly direction, the enemy Duppel held by a small Danish force, and to have thrown forward Since the receipt of the above intelligence the following accounts, being continually in pursuit. Several engagements took place; the their main body to Apenrade, in order to cut off the retreat of the reaching to the 30th ult. have arrived:-New York, Jan. 29.-The Danish losses were considerable. The German troops in Slesvig have Danes into Jutland. The roads were blocked by cannon, which the contradictory reports which have been received during the two past everywhere participated in the demonstrations in favour of the Prince exhausted horses were unable to drag further. The Danish army is weeks from Knoxville have been reduced to intelligibility. A letter of Augustenburg. At to-day's extraordinary sitting of the Rigsdag reported to be in a state of complete dissolution. from the correspondent of the Cincinnati Gazelle states that skirmishing the President of the Council said that the King was not instrumental 10.-A proclamation issued by Field-Marshal von Wrangel on the between the forces of Generals Longstreet and Forster commenced on in the retreat of the army; that the proceedings of the Commander-in-7th inst. announces the appointment of Baron von Zedlitz as Prussian the 15th, and continued until the 20th, when the Federals fell back to Civil Commissioner of Slesvig; confirms provisionally the civil func- Knoxville, having lost upwards of 150. A great battle was considered Chief were inexplicable, and that he had therefore been recalled. Holstein. 8. After the communication made yesterday by Bishop Monrad, tionaries in their posts; declares that the German language is hence- imminent, and much anxiety was felt in Knoxville for the result. the President of the Council, the following resolution was proposed in forth to be used in all branches of the administration; and, finally, pro- Cairo despatches report that the Confederates, under Generals Marmaboth Houses of the Rigsdag: "The Rigsdag, fully recognising the hibits any political demonstrations not in accordance with the policy duke, Shelby, and Fagan, were advancing upon Pine Bluff, Arkansas, extreme gravity of the time, expects that the nation will perceive the pursued by the great German Powers and attempts to establish any on the 22nd. An attack uron Marmaduke Lieut. Payst had been renecessity of upholding tranquillity and order. The people may rely other authority in the Duchy of Slesvig. pulsed; the other columns were skirmishing with the Federals under them. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS. HOUSE OF COMMONS. and had expressed their willingness to maintain the integrity of the Danish monarchy. The despatch from Berlin, which had been read on this subject on the night of the opening of Parliament, was the last which her Majesty's Government had received, and they were of opinion that it was complete as regarded the obligation of Prussia to maintain the Treaty of 1852. Her Majesty's Government had not received any assurance from Austria and Prussia that they would evacuate the Duchies so soon as the Constitution of November had been revoked, but he apprehended that they were bound by every consideration of honour and good faith to fulfil their promise to that effect.-Mr SEYMOUR FITZGERALD complained of the apparent reluctance of the Government to produce the papers relating to the Danish question. It looked as if they feared to discuss the subject, and wished to interpose unnecessary delay.-Mr DISRAELI hinted that Parliament might have been called together earlier had the Government been unprepared with a policy, and urged that the gravity of the occasion was such that the House ought to insist on the production of Clayton. The same despatches state that guerilla firing upon the which Earl GREY condemned in strong terms the policy adopted by the great works round and in London before they agreed to any Mississippi steamers had been resumed at Milliken's Bend. Charles-Government in reference to China, and complained of our constant scheme. The best way of relieving the streets of the traffic would be ton telegrams of the 23rd via Richmond, announce that the bombard- interference in matters in the East in which our interests were not in by making new streets and widening old ones.-Lord J. MANNERS ment of the city was almost suspended. The Courier of the 26th any way concerned. With regard to the civil war in China, we ought doubted whether the scheme of a joint committee of the two Houses states that trifling damage has been done by the Federal shells. to do one of two things-either refrain from all interference in the was a practical one; but, as the Government had proposed it, he Jan. 30.-Another letter from the Knoxville correspondent of the struggle between the Pekin Government and the Taepings, or, if we should not take upon himself to oppose it.-Sir J. SHELLEY objected Cincinnati Gazette, dated the 22nd, recounts still further losses to the did interfere, to do so in a manner worthy of our country.-Earl that the House had no information as to what the committee was to do, Federals in the recent skirmish. Two hundred prisoners were captured, RUSSELL defended the policy adopted by her Majesty's Government in besides reporting what schemes should not be proceeded with. He several caissons blown up, and a large quantity of clothing destroyed. China. We had maintained a strict neutrality in the struggle between suggested that the proper course would be to appoint a Royal CommisThe entire Federal force had retreated west of the Holston River, and the Taepings and Imperialists so long as neutrality was possible; but sion which should go into the whole question, suspending legislation skirmishing was in progress within six miles of the city. General it had been absolutely necessary to take steps for defending our treaty upon the subject for a year. He moved that the debate be adjourned.Longstreet had established an impregnable base of operations at Bull's ports from the attacks of a horde of barbarians. On the motion of Lord ENFIELD seconded the amendment, and concurred in recomGap. Confederate accounts are to the 26th, which state that the Earl GRANVILLE, a select committee was appointed in conjunction mending a Royal Commission. The discussion was continued by Mr positions of the contending forces were unchanged. Seven hundred with the Commons committee, to consider the best method of dealing Scourfield, Sir M. Peto, Mr Selwyn, Lord Fermoy, and Mr Locke, and cattle, 900 wagons, and two boat loads of provisions and tobacco had with the Metropolitan railway schemes, and to consider whether any after a reply by Mr Gibson, the amendment was withdrawn, and the been captured from the Federals. General Forster is ill, and the Ad- and what schemes should not be proceeded with during the present original motion was agreed to.-Mr GIBSON then moved a resoluministration at Washington is asserted to be seriously alarmed at the session. tion to the effect that the Lords be requested to appoint a committee situation of affairs at Knoxville. The 6th Corps from the Army of the FRIDAY.-Lord DENMAN presented a petition from the guardians to act with that of the House of Commons.-The motion was Potomac, under General Sedgwick, has been sent to the assistance of of the Bakewell Union against the renewal of the Rate in Aid Act agreed to General Forster. Richmond papers of the 28th report the capture by to meet Lancashire distress. The noble lord said the petitioners TUESDAY.-Lord PALMERSTON said, in reply to a question from Mr the Confederate General Forrest of Island No. 60, in the Mississippi considered the Act was oppressive so far as they were concerned. PEACOCKE, that he had seen the report in the papers of a Revolutionary River, with all the managers, negroes, cattle, &c. The Federals are Earl GRANVILLE thought there was no ground for the alarm that the outbreak at Copenhagen, but the very latest accounts which had come declared by the same papers to have evacuated Fort Pillow; also petitioners seemed to entertain. The grievance was not very great, and to the hands of the Government led them to believe that although Corinth, Mississippi, having first blown up their fortifications. Gen. the noble earl thought they would not probably be called upon to there had been a display of dissatisfaction on the part of the populace Forrest has defeated the Federals at Lagrange, Collinsville, and Ger- contribute for more than another year. of Copenhagen on the retreat of the army from the Danewirke, there mantown, Tennessee. A large force in West Tennessee is purposing was no truth in the report that the King of Sweden had been proto join General Forrest. Despatches recently read in the Confederate claimed, and that King Christian had departed from his kingdom.Congress relate that the Confederate troops are recruiting by brigades Mr LAYARD, in answer to Lord R. CECIL, said he could not state the for the war. Further advices state that Longstreet had been reinforced, MONDAY, Feb. 8.-A new writ was ordered for Brighton, in the precise day on which the papers on The Danish question would be laid and that fighting had commenced in Tennessee. The shelling of room of Mr CONINGHAM, who has accepted the Chiltern Hundreds. upon the table of the House, but he feared that three weeks must Charleston was still progressing. The Slesvig-Holstein question was brought forward by Lord R. CECIL, elapse.-Mr DISRAELI wished to know whether it was the opinion of NEW YORK, Jan. 30.-General Foster reports from Knoxville, on in reply to whom Lord PALMERSTON stated that her Majesty's the Government that, in consequence of the war which had broken out the 28th instant, that the Federal cavalry achieved a decided victory Government had remonstrated with the Prussian and Austrian Govern-between the German Powers and Denmark, the former had been the previous day over the enemy's cavalry ten miles east of Seirerville. ments on the steps taken by them both in Holstein and Slesvig in relieved from the undertaking which they had entered into with this "Maccock's division drove the enemy two miles, after a stubborn fight, reference to the proclamation of the Duke of Augustenburg, such pro- country and the other signataries under the Treaty of 1852? He also lasting from daylight till four p.m., when they routed the enemy from ceedings being utterly inconsistent with the good faith which ought to wished to know whether, before the invasion of the Duchies, her the field, capturing two guns and a hundred prisoners. The enemy's have been observed by those Governments, admitting, as they did, the Majesty's Government had obtained from the Governments of Austria loss was considerable." Jarrad's and Walford's division came up in binding nature of the Treaty of 1852, by which they were bound to and Prussia an undertaking that, when they had obtained the revotime to be pushed in pursuit with Strong's and Hope's to make the rout acknowledge the King of Denmark as King of those States, and incon- cation of the Constitution, they would restore the Duchies to the King complete. It is reported from Cincinatti that the Federals under Palmer sistent with the declaration that they will maintain the integrity of the of Denmark?-Lord PALMERSTON observed that he meant to have made a reconnaissance on the 28th to within five miles north of Tunnel kingdom of Denmark. The Prussian Government had stated that they said on Monday evening that a notion had been broached at Berlin, Hill, Georgia, driving in the Confederate pickets, and capturing one disapproved of the proceedings in Slesvig, and orders had been issued and in certain places in Germany, to the effect that the existence of company of Confederate cavalry. One Confederate division remained from Berlin to put matters right. With regard to Holstein, that duchy war with Denmark would release the German Powers from obligations above Tunnel Hill. The remainder of the Confederates had disap- was occupied by troops acting under the authority of the Diet, and to respect the Treaty of 1852. That was not, however, the principle peared, and were supposed to have gone to Mobile. The Confederates therefore not under immediate authority of the King of Prussia. The upon which Austria and Prussia had taken their stand, as they had have captured Scottsville, Kentucky, with a Federal garrison stationed Prussian Government had not denied the positive declaration that they already acknowledged the Treaty of 1852 to which they were parties, there. New Orleans advices state that the Mississippi was blockaded intended to abide by the Treaty of 1852. The meaning of the despatch for several days at Greenville by Confederate batteries on each side of read the other night was not very clear, but the conclusion of it the river. They were not dispersed till land forces were sent against implied that whatever question might arise, the Prussian and Austrian Governments were prepared to discuss those measures in concert with the other parties to that treaty. It was alleged in Berlin that if resistance were made in Slesvig it would lead to war, and that war put an end to treaties. That was a most preposterous doctrine, and if it were once established any strong Power which had an inconvenient treaty with a weak Power would have nothing to do to free itself from that engagement but to make an unprovoked and unjustifiable attack, and then to say war had broken out, and that therefore they were free from the engagement. That was a doctrine which no Government TUESDAY, Feb. 9.-In reply to a question from the Earl of which had any respect for itself would maintain. The Prussian MALMESBURY, Earl RUSSELL said that her Majesty's Government Government, however, since the adoption of these measures, had inhad always regarded The question of Slesvig as one of European formed her Majesty's Government that it will abide by the Treaty of interest, and not of local importance only. They had not received 1852, and will maintain the integrity of the kingdom of Denmark. any guarantee from Austria and Prussia that their troops would In reply to Mr BENTINCK, Lord PALMERSTON further stated that there evacuate the duchies so soon as the common constitution had will be No reduction in the naval and military forces beyond that which the papers within forty-eight hours.-Lord PALMERSTON and Mr been revoked; but her Majesty's Government could not consider is the natural consequence of the withdrawal of our troops from the LAYARD both promised that all despatch should be used in the printing that a treaty to which the two great German Powers, with Ionian Islands.-The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, in moving of the papers. On the motion of Lord PALMERSTON, it was Great Britain, France, Russia, and Sweden, were parties, could that the House resolve itself into committee, that he might obtain agreed that the House, at its rising, should adjourn until Thursday.— be abrogated by any outbreak of war between Denmark and Austria leave to bring in a bill to allow The making of malt-duty free to be used Mr BUXTON moved the following resolution: That this House, while and Prussia. In reply to our applications at Berlin, we were in feeding cattle, explained the principal provisions of the proposed only imputing to Admiral Kuper a misconception of the duty imposed informed by the Government of Prussia that their demands upon Den-measure, which it was intended should be temporary. After a short on him, deeply regrets the Burning of the town of Kagosima, as being mark were based upon the Treaty of 1852, which recognised the discussion, leave was given to bring in the bill.-The CHANCEL- contrary to those usages of war which prevail among civilised nations, integrity of the Danish monarchy, and that the King of Prussia did LOR of the EXCHEQUER moved for leave to bring in a bill to alter and and to which it is the duty and policy of this country to adhere." not intend to depart from it. It was intended at that time to occupy amend the laws relating to the Collection of the land-tax, assessed-taxes, After entering at some length into the history of our attempt to estaSlesvig, and it was also perfectly well known that the Danes would and income-tax. He explained the machinery under which the taxes blish ourselves in Japan, and condemning the bombardment of resist; therefore, to say that these assurances were given at a time of were now collected,observing that the bill would not touch the com- Kagosima, he called upon the House to disavow and repudiate so coldpeace, and subsequently rendered null and void by an act of war then missioners or the assessors, but would be confined exclusively to the blooded and disgraceful an act.-The motion was seconded by Mr contemplated and carried out next day, was too frivolous for any collectors, who, though local officers, were not popularly elected, the AYRTON.-Mr LONGFIELD moved, as an amendment to Mr Buxton's Government to maintain. Austria and Prussia were bound by the taxpayers having no voice in their appointment. He proposed to sub-resolution, the omission of the words " while only imputing to Admiral Treaty of London to the other signataries who had contracted with stitute the system which existed in Ireland and Scotland, where it Kuper a misconception of the duty imposed on him."-Sir J. HAY them, and her Majesty's Government had read the declarations of worked well, and to carry it into effect, under the Department of Inland seconded the amendment.-The tone of the discussion which ensued those Powers as admitting their responsibility in this respect.-In Revenue, by voluntary operation, the details of which, as well as other was much in the spirit of the original motion, some members conanswer to a question from the Earl of DERBY On the relations of this provisions of the bill, he explained. Leave was given.-Sir G. GREY demning and others exculpating Admiral Kuper-Lord PALMERSTON country with the Federal Government of North America, Earl RUSSELL moved for leave to bring in a bill to amend the act 3 and 4 William IV., said it was necessary for the security of British life in Japan, and also said that Mr Adams, the Federal Ambassador at the Court of St chapter 54, intituled "An Act for making further Provision for the Con- for the maintenance of the national honour, that redress should be James's, had not presented to him the despatch of Mr Seward with finement and Maintenance of Insane Prisoners." He referred at some demanded for the murder of Mr Richardson and others. Her Majesty's respect to the depredations of the Alabama, although it would appear length to Townley's case, and vindicated himself from the aspersions Government had exhausted every expedient before hostilities were that a copy of it had been presented to the Federal Congress.-Lord which had been cast upon him in reference to it, though he admitted commenced to induce the Japanese authorities to bring the perpetrators HARDWICKE, after referring to some recent Experiments with artillery, that there had been a miscarriage of justice. By this bill it was pro- of that outrage to justice. The Tycoon did all he could to make asked when the navy would be supplied with a gun and projectile that vided that the visiting justices only of the gaol in which the prisoner reparation, but the Prince of Satsuma declined to do so, and the would be effective against ships plated with 44 inches of iron.-The was confined should sign the certificate, and that they should appoint admiral on the station had no option but to use compulsion. The Duke of SOMERSET said the Government had obtained 130-pounders the medical officers who were to assist them in their examination. instructions given by Earl Russell bad the entire approval of the and 150-pounders that would pierce iron-plating, but the difficulty was After some discussion, leave was given to bring in the bill.-Mr M. Government, and they were ready to take the responsibility of them. to procure an effective broadside gun.-Lord DE GREY explained the GIBSON moved the appointment of himself, Lord Stanley, Mr Massey, He had not directed Admiral Kuper to bombard a defenceless town, causes of the delay in the proceedings of the committee, and dis- Colonel W. Patten, and Mr Herbert as a select committee to consider but he had instructed him to fire upon the defences of the place and claimed on the part of the Government any wish to favour one com- the best method of dealing with the Railway Schemes proposed to be the stronghold of the Prince, with the view of compelling him to yield petitor for the supply of arms more than another. sanctioned within the limits of the Metropolis by bills to be introduced in to force what he had withheld from justice. If, under such circum. THURSDAY.-The Earl of DERBY asked whether Government would the present session, and to report their opinion whether any, and, if stances, the town was burnt, neither the Admiral nor the Government produce the Correspondence relating to the Alabama. He commented any, what schemes should not be proceeded with during the present was responsible for it. He suggested that the more convenient course on the Government having refused to produce the despatches concerning session, and that a message be sent to the Lords requesting their lord- would be to withdraw the motion.-This was agreed to, and Mr the seizure of the rams at Liverpool, although those documents had ships to appoint an equal number of members to be joined with the BUXTON declared himself satisfied with the general expression of been laid before Congress and made public in America. He wished to members of this House. The estimated expenditure, he said, of the regret which the bombardment of Kagosima had elicited from the see the English as well as the American version, as the impression various lines which were to be proposed this session amounted to some House, and intimated his willingness to withdraw the motion.-The created by the latter was that her Majesty's Government had been 34,000,000l. or 35,000,000, and one-fourth of the area of the City Opposition, however, objecting to this course, Lord PALMERSTON compelled by the menaces of the United States to make concessions was scheduled in one or other of the bills of which notice had been moved the previous question, which on a division was carried by 164 which they had declined in the first instance. He wished also that given. Preliminary inquiry, therefore, was absolutely requisite, and it to 85.-The original motion was therefore dropped.-Leave was given Parliament should be supplied with any correspondence that might was highly desirable that the committee should be a joint committee of to Sir F. Kelly to bring in a bill to provide a further Appeal in Criminal have taken place in regard to acts of violence committed by American both Houses.-Mr CRAWFORD said he feared the reference to the Cases. cruisers upon English vessels. One of the despatches of Mr Seward to committee, limited as it was to the bills brought before the House, THURSDAY.-The Marquis of HARTINGTON, in reply to Colonel Mr Adams contained the threat that such vessels as the Alabama and would empower the committee to consider only one branch of the GILPIN, stated that Government had paid the Expenses incurred by the Florida should be followedand seized, even when they took refuge in question of improved communications in the City. When the stations Colonel Crawley in reference to the recent court-martial, except the British waters and were under the protection of our flag. It was true in Cannon street, Liverpool street, and Moorgate street were finished, expense incurred by him in the employment of legal advisers.—In a that that despatch had not been communicated to her Majesty's Govern- there would be three railways with stations within five minutes' walk Committee of the whole House on the Bank Acts (Scotland), the ment, but he thought some understanding should be come to with the of the Bank; there were three other stations-Fenchurch street, CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER moved the following resolution: United States authorities on the subject.-Earl RUSSELL said there Shoreditch, and London bridge-within ten minutes' walk, and the "That it is expedient to make provision for replacing the lapsed issue was little doubt that the steam rams which had been seized at Liver-Earl-street station and Farringdon-street station will, when completed, of bank-notes in Scotland upon payment from time to time of a certain pool, which were at first stated to be building on French account, were be within about the same distance. When the railways now in course charge in respect thereof." He explained very fully the limited effect really intended for the service of the Confederates, and he agreed with of construction were completed the railway accommodation to the City of the measure he proposed to found upon the resolution, which would Mr Adams that the arming and equipping of vessels in this country would be quite adequate to the requirements. Many persons had been place Scotch banking upon the same footing as that of England under and sending them forth to attack a Power with which we were at peace, expelled from their homes, and many tradesmen had sustained great the Act of 1844. He noticed the great increase in the metallic reserve would be an infringement of the proclamation of neutrality issued by loss by being evicted from their premises by the railway companies in Scotland, which was too large where the whole circulation was only her Majesty, and would be virtually taking part in the war in favour who had already acquired powers, and that was one of the questions about 5,000,000l., and the effect of the measure, he observed, would of the Confederate States. Her Majesty's Government were extremely which ought to be referred to the committee.-Lord STANLEY did not be to relieve the Scotch banks of such a burden with profit to the anxious that no act of theirs should give rise to such proceedings. object to the appointment of a joint commitee, but hoped it would be State. The measure would not touch the general principles of the With regard to the papers referred to, the law officers of the Crown regarded as an experiment only, and not be drawn into a precedent.- currency or of banking in Scotland.-After a short conversation, the were of opinion that the Government would suffer from having their Mr MASSEY said, though the proposition was a novel one, the circum-resolution was agreed to.-On the report of supply being brought up, case either partially stated or altogether forestalled by the production stances were peculiar. It was desirable to have the concurrence of Sir H. WILLOUGHBY observed upon the enormous Increase in the of those papers, and he should therefore decline to produce them.--both Houses; but the other House had already had a committee on expenditure which for the last five years, he said, had averaged A question put by Lord CHELMSFORD, in reference to the case of the subject, and might wish to start from the conclusion of that com- 70,000,000l. a year, whereas from 1833 to 1854 the average was not Lieutenant Tiuling, of her Majesty's ship Encounter, led to a short dis-mittee, but to that course he could not agree. The adoption of a more than 54,000,000l. a year. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEcussion on the Conduct of our Government in China, in the course of great scheme was premature. They ought to wait the completion of QUER said he would enter into the general question when he made his |