fick, horn-making: cornigerous, horn-bearing. The definition of corniculate will be seen in the quotation from Chambers. Cornage is, a tenure by which a landholder is bound to blow a horn, in order to give notice of an invasion; also a mode of transferring property. Ladies, that have your feet The man that makes his toe Shall of a corn cry woe, Id. King Lear. Even in men, aches, and hurts, and corns, do engrieve either towards rain or towards frost. Bacon's Natural History. Such as have corneous or horny eyes, as lobsters, and crustaceous animals, are generally dimsighted. Browne. There will be found, on either side, two black filaments, or membranous strings, which extend unto the long and shorter cornicle, upon protrusion. Id. countries near the Picts' wall; and the hom was blown when any invasion of the Scots was ob served. By stat. 12 Car. II. all tenures are converted into free and common socage. An old rental calls cornage, newt-geldt, q. d. nestgeld. Lord Coke says, in old books it is called horngeld. CORNARIUS (John), a celebrated German physician, born at Zwickow, in Saxony. His original name was Haguenbot, but he is best known by that of Cornarius. At twenty years of age he taught grammar, and explained the Greek and Latin classics to his scholars; and at twenty-three was licentiate in medicine. He objected to most of the remedies provided by the apothecaries; and observing that the greatest part of the physicians taught their pupils only what is to be found in Avicenna, Rasis, and the other Arabian physicians, he carefully sought for the writings of the best physicians of Greece, and employed about fifteen years in translating them into Latin, especially the works of Nature, in other cornigerous animals, hath placed the Hippocrates, Aetius, Eginetes, and a part of horns higher, and reclining; as in bucks. Up stood the corny reed, Embattled in her field. Id. He first that useful secret did explain, That pricking corns foretold the gathering rain. Gay's Pastorals It looks as there were regular accumulations and gatherings of humours, growing perhaps in some people as corns. Arbuthnot. Thus Lamb, renowned for cutting corns, An offered fee from Radcliff scorns. Swift. The various submarine shrubs are of a corneous or ligneous constitution, consisting chiefly of a fibrous Woodward. Corniculate plants are such as produce many distinct and horned pods; and corniculate flowers are such hollow flowers as have on their upper part a kind of spur, or little horn. matter. Chambers. CORNS, in surgery, consist of indurations of the skin arising on the toes, and sometimes on the sides of the feet, where they are much exposed to the pressure of the shoes. By degrees they press farther down between the muscular fibres of these parts, and by their irritation occasion extreme pain. Many cures have been prescribed, but the total removal of them is always found to be attended with great difficulty. It has been recommended to soften them with plasters, and then to pull them up by the roots, to apply caustic, &c. A muscle laid on, by way of plaster, is also said to be effectual; but the best cure is to bathe them frequently in warm water, and pare away as much as possible of the indurated skin without drawing blood; taking care to remove the tightness of the shoe. CORNAGE was very frequent in the northern those of Galen. He meanwhile practised physic with reputation at Zwickow, Frankfort, Marpurg, Nordhausen, and gena, where he died of an apoplexy in 1558, aged fifty-eight. He also wrote several medicinal treatises; published editions of many poems of the ancients on medicine and botany; and translated some of the works of the fathers, particularly those of Basil, and a part of those of Epiphanius. CORNARO (Helena Lucretia), a learned Venetian lady, daughter of John Baptist Cornaro. She not only acquired a complete knowledge of the languages and sciences, but went through the philosophy of the schools; and at last took her degree at Padua, being the first lady that ever was made a doctor. She made a vow of perpetual virginity, and devoted her time entirely to study. The fame of her learning attracted the attention of Louis XIV, who ordered the cardinals Bouillon and D'Etrees to wait on her; and they reported that her talents had not been exaggerated. She died in 1685. CORNARO (Lewis), a Venetian noble, memorable for having lived in health and activity to above 100 years of age, by a rigid course of temperance. By the ill conduct of some of his relations he was deprived of the dignity of a Venetian noble; and, seeing himself excluded from all employments under the republic, he settled at Padua. In his youth he was of a weak constitution, and by irregular indulgence reduced himself, at about forty years of age, to the brink of the grave, under a complication of disorders; at which extremity he was told, that he had no other chance of his life, but by becoming sober and temperate. Being wise enough to adopt this counsel, he reduced himself to a regimen of which there are very few examples. He allowed himself no more than twelve ounces of food and fourteen ounces of liquor each day; which became so habitual to him, that when he was about seventy years of age, the experiment of adding two ounces to each by the advice of his friends, had nearly proved fatal to him. At eighty-three he wrote a treatise which has been translated into English, and often printed, entitled, Sure and Certain Methods of Attaining a Long and Healthful Life; in which he relates his own story, and extols temperance to a degree of enthusiasm. At length the yolk of an egg became sufficient for a meal, and sometimes for two, until he died with much ease and composure, at Padua, in 1566. The Spectator, No. 195, confirms the fact from the authority of the then Venetian ambassador, who was a descendant of the Cornaro family. CORNAVII, an ancient people of Britain, who dwelt in the country, beginning in the heart of the island, and extending to Chester: now divided into the counties of Warwick, Worcester, Salop, Stafford, and Cheshire. COʻRNEA, Lat: The horny coat of the eye. There is a bright spot seen on the cornea of the eye, when we face a window, which is much attended to by portrait painters; this is the light reflected from the spherical surface of the polished cornea, and brought to a focus. Darwin. CORNEILLE (Michael), a celebrated painter, born at Paris in 1642, and instructed by his father, who was himself a painter of great merit. Having gained a prize at the Academy, young Corneille obtained a pension from Louis XIV. and was sent to Rome, where that prince had founded a school for young artists of genius. Having studied there some time, he gave up his pension, and applied to the antique with great care. He is said to have equalled Caracci in drawing, but in coloring he was deficient. Upon his return from Rome, he was chosen professor in the Academy at Paris; and was employed by Louis in all the great works he was carrying on at Versailles and Trianon, where are still to be seen some noble efforts of his genius. CORNEILLE (Peter), a celebrated French poet, born at Rouen in 1606. He was brought up to the bar, which he attended for some time; but, being formed with a genius too elevated for such a profession, he soon deserted it. An affair of gallantry occasioned his writing his first piece, entitled Malite; which had prodigious success. Encouraged by the applause of the public, he wrote the Cid, and other tragedies that have immortalised his name. In his dramatic works he discovers a majesty, a strength and elevation of genius, scarcely to be found in any other of the French poets; and like our immortal Shakspeare, seems more acquainted with nature, than with the rules of critics. Corneille was received into the French Academy in 1647, and died dean of that academy in 1684, aged seventy-eight. Besides his dramatic pieces, he wrote a translation in French verse, of the Imitation of Jesus Christ, &c. The best edition of his works is that of 1682, in four volumes 12mo. CORNEILLE (Thomas), brother of the above, was a member of the French Academy, and of that of Inscriptions. He discovered in his youth a great inclination to poetry; and published several dramatic pieces in 5 vols. 12mo, some of which were applauded by the public, and acted with success. He also wrote, 1. A Translation of Ovid's Metamorphoses, and some of Ovid's Epistles. 2. Remarks on Vaugelas. 3. A Dictionary of Arts, 2 vols. folio; and 4. A Univer sal, Geographical, and Historical Dictionary, in 3 vols. folio. CORNE'L,n.s. & adj. Old Fr. cornille; CO'RNELIAN-TREE, n. s. from Lat. cornus. A species of tree. See CORNUS. The cornel-tree beareth the fruit commonly called the cornel or cornelian cherry, as well from the name of the tree, as the cornelian stone, the colour whereof it somewhat represents. The wood is very durable, and useful for wheel-work. Mortimer, Take a service-tree, or a cornelian-tree, or an eldertree, which we know have fruits of harsh and binding juice, and set them near a vine cr fig-tree, and sec whether the grapes or figs will not be the sweeter. Bacon't Natural History. A huntress issuing from the wood, Reclining on her cornel spear she stood. Dryden, On wildings and on strawberries they fed; Cornels and bramble-berries gave the rest, And falling acorns furnished out a feast. Dryden's Ovid. Mean time the goddess, in disdain, bestows The mast and acorn, brutal food! and strows The fruits of cornel, as they feast around. Pope's Odyssey. A mount stood near: thick cornels shagged its head; And there, with tall straight shoots, a myrtle spread. Symmons' Eneis. Two cornel javelins armed with steel they bear; And some, bright quivers o'er their shoulders wear. Id. CORNEL TREE, in botany. See CORNUS. CORNELIA, daughter of Scipio Africanus, and the mother of Tiberius and Caius Gracchus. She was courted by a king, but she preferred being the wife of a Roman citizen to that of a monarch. When a Campanian lady once made a show of her jewels at Cornelia's house, and intreated her to favor her with a sight of her own, Cornelia produced her two sons, saying, These are the only jewels of which I can boast.' CORNELIA LEX, Cornelian law, in antiquity, a name given to sixteen Roman laws: viz. 1. De civitate, enacted A. U. C. 670, by Sylla; confirming the Sulpician law, and requiring the citizens of the eight newly elected tribes to be divided among the thirty-five ancient tribes. 2. De judiciis, in 673, ordaining, that the prætor should always observe the same invariable method in judicial proceedings, and that the process should not depend upon will. 3. De sumptibus, limiting the expenses of funerals. 4. De religione, in 677, restoring to the college of priests the privilege of choosing the priests, which by the Domitian law had been lodged in the hands of the people. 5. De municipiis, revoking all the privileges which had been granted to the towns that had assisted Marius and Cinna in the civil war. 6. De magistratibus, giving the power of bearing honors, and being promoted before the legal age, to those who had followed the interest of Sylla; while the sons and partizans of his enemies, who had been proscribed, were deprived of the privilege of standing for any office of the state. 7. De magistratibus, in 673, ordaining that no person should exercise the same office within an interval of ten years, or be invested with two different magistracies in one year. 8. De magistratibus, in 673, divesting the tribunes of the privil making laws, interfering, holding assemblies, and receiving appeals. All such as had been tribunes were incapable of holding any office in the state by that law. 9. De majestate, in 670, making it treason to send an army out of a province, or engage in a war without orders, to influence the soldiers to spare or ransom a captive general of the enemy, to pardon the leaders of robbers or pirates, or for the absence of a Roman citizen to a foreign court without previous leave. The punishment was aquæ et ignis interdictio. 10. Giving the power to a man accused of murder, either by poison, weapons, or false accusations, and the setting fire to buildings, to choose whether the jury that tried him should give their verdict palam vivâ voce, or by ballot. 11. Making it aquæ et ignis interdictio to such as were guilty of forgery, concealing and altering of wills, corruption, false accusations, and the debasing or counterfeiting of the public oath. All who were accessary to this offence were deemed as guilty as the offender. 12. De pecuniis repetundis; by which a man convicted of peculation or extortion in the provinces was condemned to suffer the aquæ et ignis interdictio. 13. A law giving power to such as were sent into the provinces with any government, of retaining their command and appointment, without a renewal of it by the senate. 14. Another ordaining that the lands of proscribed persons should be common, especially those about Volaterræ and Fesulæ in Etruria, which Sylla divided among his soldiers. All the above were enacted by Sylla. 15. A law by C. Cornelius tribune of the people, in 686; it ordains that no person should be exempted from any law acording to the general custom, unless 200 senators were present in the senate; and no person thus exempted could hinder the bill of his exemption from being carried to the people for their concurrence. 16. Another by Nasica, in 582, to make war against Perseus, son of Philip king of Macedonia, if he did not give proper satisfaction to the Roman people. CO'RNER, n. s. French corniere. An CO'RNERED, adj. angle; the point at CORNER-STONE, n.s. which a perpendicular CO'RNERWISE, adv. line cuts a horizontal, a secret or remote place; the utmost limit: thus every corner is, the whole, or every part. Corner-stone is the principal stone; the stone which unites the two walls at the corner. Cornered is, having corners. Cornerwise is, with the angle placed in front. The stone which the builders refused is become the head stone of the corner. Psalm cxviii. 22. It is better to dwell in a corner of a house top, than with a brawling woman and in a wide house. Proverbs xxv. 24. I am persuaded that none of these things are hidden from him; for this thing was not done in a corner. Acts xxvi. 26. And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ himself being the chief cornerstone. Ephesians ii. 20. And eke about at the corner All these together in one heape were throwne, Spenser. Faerie Queene. Thou in dull corners doest thyself inclose, Id Ne tastest princes pleasure. Id. Tempest. Dryden Those vices, that lurk in the secret corners of the soul. Addison The cattle mourn in corners, where the fence Screens them, and seem half petrified to sleep In unrecumbent sadness. There they wait Their wonted fodder; not like hungering man, Fretful if unsupplied; but, silent, meek, And patient of the slow-paced swain's delay. Couper I should like to support the present minister on fair ground; but what is he? a sort of outside passenger— or, rather, a man leading the horses round a corner, while reins, whip, and all, are in the hands of the coachman on the box! Sheridan. CORNER-TEETH OF A HORSE, are the fore-teeth between the middling teeth and the tushes; two above and two below, on each side of the jaw, which shoot when the horse is four years and a half old. 'A CO'RNET, n. s. Fr. cornet, cornette; It CO'RNETCY, n. s. › cornetto, from Lat. cornus. CO'RNETTER, n.s. Cotgrave and Sherwood give a full definition of the word cornet. cornet, a trumpe; a little horne; also a sea-cut, or cuttle-fish; a bugle, hutchet, or little horne; also a doctor's tippet; also a cornet of horse; and, the ensigne of a horse companie; also a fashion u senden, of horse con in old time, and at this day, by some old women; also the tuft, or tipping, of a hawkes hood.' A cornet of paper is, the cornet, or coffin of paper, wherein a grocer makes up his retailed parcel of spice;' so called from its being twisted into a horn-like form. 'The shadow or boone grace' was a sort of headdress, which appears to have entirely veiled the face; for Surrey, in the sonnet quoted below, complains that it kept the face of his mistress always hydden from him,' so that he lost the lyghte of her fayre looks.' Cornetcy is the com mission of a cornet. Cornetter is one who blows the cornet. Israel played before the Lord on psalteries, and on 2 Sam, vi. 5. timbrels, and on cornets. I never sawe my lady laye apart Her cornet blacke, in colde nor yet in heate, Sith fyrst she knewe my griefe was grovn so great. Surrey. These noblemen were appointed, with some cornets of horse and bands of foot, to put themselves beyond the hill where the rebels were encamped. Bacon, Other wind instruments require a forcible breath; Bacon's Natural History, Seventy great horses lay dead in the field, and one cornet was taken. Hayward. So great was the rabble of trumpetters, cornetters, and other musicians, that even Claudius himself might have heard them. Hakewill on Provid. They discerned a body of five cornets of horse full, standing in very good order to receive them. as trumpets, cornets, and hunters' horns. Cornets and trumpets cannot reach his ear; Under an actor's nose, he 's never near. CORNET, in the ancient military art, a musical instrument, much in the nature of a trumpet, as in the diagram. When it only sounded, the ensigns were to march alone without the soldiers; whereas, when the trumpet only sounded, the soldiers were to move without the ensigns. Cornets and buccinæ gave the signal for the charge and retreat; and the cornets and trumpets sounded during the battle. very Clarendon, CORNET-STOP, on an organ, is a compound treble stop, in the use of which, each finger-key acts upon, and occasions five pipes to sound at the same time, viz. one in unison with the note proper to that finger-key, and also with the same note in the stop, called diapason; another which is tuned a true major third above it; another a fifth, another an eighth, and the uppermost a true major seventeenth above the note. CORNHERT (Theodore), an enthusiastic secretary of the States of Holland. He wrote at and Calvinists. He maintained that every relithe same time against the Catholics, Lutherans, gious communion needed reformation; but, he added, that no person had a right to engage in accomplishing it, without a mission supported by miracles. He was also of opinion, that a person might be a good Christian without being a member of any visible church. CO'RNICE. Fr. corniche; Ital. cornice; The cornice of the Palazzo Farnese, which makes so beautiful an effect below, when viewed more nearly, Dryden's Juvenal. will be found not to have its just measures. CORNET, in the modern military economy, is the third officer in the company, and commands in the absence of the captain and lieutenant. He takes his title from his ensign, which is square; and is supposed to be called by that name from cornu, because placed on the wings, which form a kind of points or ho ns of the army. Others derive the name frora connet; alleging that it was the ancient custom for those officers to wear coronets or garlands on their heads. Cornette was likewise the term used to signify the standard peculiarly appropriated to the light cavalry. Hence, cornettes and troops were synonymous terms to express the number of light-horse attached to an army. The standard so called was made of glazed silk, eighteen inches square, upon which the arms, motto, and cypher of the general who commanded the cavalry were engraved. A scarf, of white silk, was tied to the cornette whenever the cavalry went into action, in order to render the standard conspicuous. CORNET OF A HORSE, is the lowest part of his pastern, that runs round the coffin, and is distinguished by the hair that joins and covers the upper part of the hoof. Dryden's Dufresnoy. The walls were massy brass, the cornice high Pope's Odyssey. But lo from high Hymettus to the plain, CORNICULARIUS, in antiquity, an officer in the Roman army, whose business was in assis the military tribune in quality of lieutenant. The cornicularii went the rounds in lieu of the tribune, and visited the watch. The name was given them from a little horn, called corniculum, which they used in giving orders to the soldiers; though Salmasius derives it from corniculum, the crest of a head-piece; it being an observation of Pliny, that they wore iron or brass horns on their helmets; and that these were called cornicula. In the Notitia Imperii we find a kind of secretary or register of this title. His business was to attend the judge, and enter his decisions. The critics derive the word, in this sense, from corniculum, a little horn to put ink in. CORNICULUM, in ancient geography, a town of the Sabines, east of Crustumentum, towards the Anio. It was burnt by Tarquin; but restored again after the expulsion of the kings. It is now in ruins, and called Il Monte Gennaro. CORNICULUM. See CORNICULARIUS. CORNISH, a town of New Hampshire, in Cheshire county, on the east bank of the Connecticut, between Claremont and Plainfield, about fifteen miles north of Charlestown, and sixteen south of Dartmouth College. It was incorporated in 1763. CORNU AMMONIS, in natural history, a species of fossile shells, called also serpent stones, or snake stones. They are found of all sizes, from the breadth of a sixpence to more than two feet in diameter; some of them rounded, others greatly compressed, and lodged in different strata of stones and clay; some again are smooth, and others ridged in different manners, their striæ and ridges being either straight, irregularly crooked, or undulated. See SNAKE STONE. CORNU CERVI. See HARTSHORN. CORNUCOPIA, n. s. Latin. The horn of plenty; a horn topped with fruits and flowers in the hands of a goddess. In the honeysuckle the petal terminates in a long tube, like a cornucopia, or horn of plenty; and the honey is produced at the bottom of it. Darwin. CORNUCOPIA, among the ancient poets, a horn out of which proceeded abundance of all things, by a particular privilege which Jupiter granted his nurse, the goat Amalthea. The fable is thus interpreted that in Lybia there is a little territory shaped like a bullock's horn, exceedingly fertile, given by king Ammon to his daughter Amalthea, whom the poets feign to have been Jupiter's nurse. See EGIS and AMALTHEA. CORNUCOPIA, in botany, a genus of the digynia order, and triandria class of plants; natural order fourth, gramina. The involucrum is monophyllous, funnel-shaped, crenated, and multiflorous: CAL. bivalved: COR. one valved. Species two; natives of the East Indies and of the south of Europe. CORNUS, cornel-tree, cornelian cherry, or dog-wood, a genus of the monogynia order, and tetrandria class of plants; natural order fortyseventh, stellatæ. The involucrum is most frequently tetraphyllous; the petals above the receptacle of the fruit four; the fruit itself a bilocular kernel. Of this genus there are twelve species; the most remarkable are the following: 1. C. Florida, or Virginian dog-wood, has a tree-stem branching twelve or fifteen feet high, and fine red shoots, garnished with large heartshaped leaves and the branches terminated by umbellate white flowers, having a large involucrum succeeded by dark red berries. Of this species there are several varieties, chiefly distinguished hy the color of their berries, which are red, white, or blue. 2. C. mas or cornelian cherry-tree, has an upright tree-stem, rising twenty feet high, branching, and forming a large head, garnished with oblong leaves, and small umbels of yellowishgreen flowers at the sides and ends of the branches, appearing early in the spring, and succeeded by small, red, cherry-like, eatable, acid, fruit. 3. C. sanguinea, bloody twig, or common dog-wood, has an upright tree-stem, branching ten or twelve feet high, having blood-red shoots, garnished with oblong pointed nervous leaves two inches long; and all the branches terminated by umbellate white flowers succeeded by black berries; of this there is a kind with variegated leaves. All the species may be propagated by seeds, which ought to be sown in autumn, otherwise they will lie a year on the ground. When the plants come up, they should be duly watered in dry weather, and kept clean from weeds. The following autumn they may be transplanted into the nursery; and, having remained there two or three years, they may then be removed to the places where they are to remain. They may also be propagated by suckers, of which they produce great plenty, or by laying down the young branches. CORN'UTE, v.a. CORNU'TOR, n. s. maker. Lai, cornutus. To bestow horns; to cuckold; horned; cuckolded. A cuckold. A cuckold The peaking cornuto, her husband, dwelling in a continual larum of jealousy. Shakspeare. Merry Wives of Windsor. A barber's wife in Aristænetus threatened to cormute him. Jordan I hope he cannot say that ever I gored any of my superiors, or that my being cornuted has raised the price of posthorns, lanthorns, or pocket ink-horns. L'Estrange's Queredo. CORNUTIA, in botany, a genus of the angiospermia order, and didynamia class of plants; natural order fortieth, personatæ; CAL. quinquedentated; STAM. larger than the corolla: STYL. very long: the berry monospermous. There are two species, viz. C. pyramidata, with a blue pyramidal flower, and hoary leaves, which grows plentifully in se veral islands in the West Indies; at Campeachy, and at La Vera Cruz. It rises to the height of ten or twelve feet, with rude branches, the leaves being placed opposite. The flowers are produced in spikes at the end of the branches, and are of a fine blue color. They usually appear in autumn, and will sometimes remain in beauty for two months or more. The plant is propagated either by seeds or cuttings, and makes a fine appearance in the stove; but is too tender to bear the open air in this country: and C. punctata, a shrub with axillary trichotomous corymbs, opposite, ovate, painted slightly; serrate leaves; blue flowers, with small white dots. CORNWALL, the most westerly county of England, and extending also farther to the south than any other part of Great Britain, is bounded by the sea on its north, west, and south sides, and on the east by the river Tamar, which separates it from Devonshire except in a few places. Its general shape resembles a cornucopia. The Bristol Channel washes it on the north, and the British Channel on the south; the Land's End being the point where these two seas appear to unite. It is situated in the diocese of Exeter, and belongs to the western circuit. Its extreme length from its north-eastern angle to the Land's End is about ninety miles; and from the Land's End to the Ram's Head seventy miles. Its greatest breadth, from Moorwinstow to the Ram's Head, is a little more than forty-three miles. It rapidly contracts, however, towards its south-western promontory; so that its medium breadth between Padstow and Fowey does not exceed eighteen miles, and in its narrowmost part, between Mount's Bay and the Heyle River, it is not more than four miles. Its circuit is estimated at 200 miles, and its extent has been found by actual |