No righteous spirit ever passeth here; And, therefore, if with anger Charon met With that the dismal land beneath my feet Bereaving me of every sense :—and then 130 135 25 CANTO IV. Ruppemi l'alto. ARGUMENT. The Poets descend into the first circle of Hell, or Limbo, wherein are placed the spirits of those, who, not having sinned in the theological sense, have yet, owing to their want of baptism, come short of salvation; and also of those, who, having lived in pre-Christian times, neglected the dictates of natural religion. Emerging from the dense crowd of souls in the direction of a light shining in the darkness, they meet the shades of Homer, Horace, Ovid, and Lucan, by whom they are accompanied into the separate abode of the great spirits of antiquity. The sleep that bound my head was broken by Uplifted on my feet I moved around My rested eyes, and looked with eagerness, To ascertain the place wherein I was. 5 'Tis true—upon the margin of the Abyss Our steadfast gaze discern'd no single thing. 'Descend we now to the blind world below ;' My Teacher thus his speech all pale as death Replied; 'How shall I go, if thou dost fear, That are down here pourtrays upon my face ΙΟ 15 20 The foremost circle that surrounds the Abyss. Within, far as the listening ear could hear, 25 No wailing sound arose, save that of sighs Of sorrow born, without tormenting pain— Sorrow, that held the crowds thick-banded there Of infants, and of women, and of men. 30 Said the good Master then; 'Dost thou forbear To ask what spirits are these that here thou seest? Yet would I have thee know, ere thou draw near, These have not sinn'd:1 and, if they have their merits, 'Tis not enough, for, being unbaptised, They enter'd not the portal of thy Faith : And, if they lived before the birth of Christ, They render'd not due worship unto God. And these are they with whom my lot is cast. For these defects—these only—we are lost, Guiltless besides : yet only in this afflicted, That without hope in vain desire unblest We live.' Great sorrow then my heart possess'd, Soon as I heard, because I knew that souls 35 40 Of highest worth were in that Limbo placed. Thus I began, that I might of that Faith Appear'd?' He saw my hidden drift, and made 45 50 1 Sin is 'the transgression of the law,' or 'the rejection of divine grace.' The heathen, having had no divine law, and the unbaptized, lacking divine grace, had not 'sinned' in the technical theological sense of the term. This, I presume, is the meaning of the Poet. Response, and said; 'New in this state was I, He took from us the shade of our first parent, 55 With that of Abel, and his who 'scaped the flood, Moses the lawgiver obedient, Abram the patriarch, and royal David, Israel, with his father, and his children, And Rachel, for whose sake so long he labour'd, 60 And many more; and led them up to heaven: 65 The forest, I mean, form'd by the surging mass Of souls. We were at no great distance from The highest elevation, when I saw A light that shone amid the encircling gloom. 2 Onward a little farther yet in haste We went, until I could perceive in part That honourable people held that place. 70 2 The light of the wisdom of the ancients shining amid the darkness of the heathen world. |