Acerina cernua, 246

Acinia prehensa, 233
Actinia, 233, 234

Actinophrys, apparent intelligence
of, 20
Adamsia, 234

Adaptive movement, as evidence of
mind, 2, 3

Addison, his definition of instinct,
11

Addison, Mrs. K., on gesticulating

signs made by a jackdaw, 316
Elian, on division of labour in har-
vesting ants, 98

Esthetic emotions of birds, 279-
82

Affection,sexual, parental, and social,

of snails, 27; of ants, 45-9 and
58, 59; of bees, 155, 156, and 162;
of earwig, 229; of fish, 242-6; of
reptiles, 256, 258, 259; of birds,
270-6; of kangaroo, 326, 327; of
whale, 327; of horse, 329; of
deer, 334; of bat, 341; of seal,
341-6; of hare, 338-40; of rats,
340; of mice, 341; of beaver, 367;
of elephant, 387-92; of cat, 411,
412; of dog, 437, 440, 441; of
monkeys, 471-5 and 484-98
Agassiz, Professor A., on instinct of
hermit-crab, 232; nest of fish, 242-
3; on beaver-dams, 384, 385
Agassiz, Professor L., on intelligence
of snails, 26

Alison, Professor, on curious instinct
of polecat, 347

ANT

Allen, J. A., on breeding habits of
pinniped seals, 341–6

Alligators, 256-8 and 263
Alopecias vulpes, 252

Amaba, apparent intelligence of, 21
Anemones, sea, 233, 234

Anger, of ants and bees, see under
of fish, 246, 247; of monkeys,
478, 479 and 484-96
Angler-fish, 247, 248
Annelida, apparent intelligence of,
24

Antennæ, effects of removal in ants,
142; in bees, 197

Antithesis, principle of, in expression

of emotions by monkeys, 494, 495
Ant-lion, 231, 235

;

Ants, powers of special sense, 31-37,
of sight, 31-33; of hearing, 33;
of smell, 33-37; sense of direction,
37, 38; memory, 39-45; recogni-
tion of companions and nest-
mates, 41-45; emotions, 45-49;
affection, 45-48; sympathy, 48,
49; communication, 49-57; habits
general in sundry species, 57-93;
swarming, 57, 58; nursing, 58,
59; education, 59, 60; keeping
aphides, 60-64; making slaves,
64-68; wars, 68-83; keeping
domestic pets, 83, 84; sleep and
cleanliness, 84-7; play and leisure,
87-89; funeral habits, 89-93;
habits peculiar to certain species,
93-122; leaf-cutting, 93-96; har-
vesting, 96-110; African, 110,
111; tree, 110, 111; honey making,
111-114 and 142; ecitons, or mili-

APE

tary, 114-122; general intelli-
gence, 122-142; Sir John Lub-
bock's experiments on intelligence,
123-128; intelligence displayed
in architecture, 128-130; in using
burrows made by elater larvæ,
130; in artificial hives, 130; in
removing nest from shadow of
tree, 131; in cutting leaves off
overshadowing tree, 131, 132; in
bending blades of grass while
cutting them, 132, 133; in co-
operating to glue leaves together,
133, 134; in getting at food in
difficult places, 134, 135; in making
bridges, &c., 135-139; in tunnel-
ling under rails, 140; anatomy
and physiology of nerve-centres
and sense organs, 140-2
Apes, see Monkeys

Arachnidæ, 204-225, see Spiders and
Scorpions

Arago, his observation regarding
sense of justice in dog, 443
Arderon, on taming a dace, 246
Argyroneta aquatica, 212

Arn, Capt., on sword- and thresher-
fish, 252, 253

Articulata, see under divisions of
Ass, general intelligence of, 328 and
333

Association of ideas, see under vari-
ous animals

Atenchus pilularius, 226

Athealium, apparent intelligence of,
19-20

Atkinson, the Rev. J. C., on reason-
ing power of a dog, 458, 459
Audubon, on ants making beasts of
burden of bugs, 68; plundering
instincts of white-headed eagle,
284; variations in instinct of in-
cubation, 299, 300

Auk, nidification of, 292

Automatism, hypothesis of animal, 6

BEC

Baer, Van, on organisation of bee,
241

Bailey, Professor W. W., on dog stop-
ping a runaway horse, 459
Baines, A. H., on dog communicating
wants by signs, 446, 447
Baker, on sticklebacks, 245
Baldamus, Dr., on cuckoo laying
eggs coloured in imitation of those
of the birds in whose nests they
lay them, 307

Ball, Dr. Robert, on commensalism
of crab and anemone, 234
Banks, Sir Joseph, on intelligence
of tree-ants, 133; fish coming to
sound of bell, 250

Bannister, Dr., on cat trying to
catch image behind mirror, 415,
416; on intelligence of the Eskimo
dogs, 461, 462

Barrett, W. F., on instincts of young
alligator, 256

Barton, Dr., on alleged fascination
by snakes, 264

Bastian, on termites, 198

Bates, on ants' habit of keeping
pets, 84; cleaning one another,
87; play and leisure, 88, 89; leaf-
cutting, 93-95; tunnelling, 99 ;
ecitons, 114-21; on sand-wasp
taking bearings to remember pre-
cise locality, 150; mygale eating
humming-birds, 208; on nidifica-
tion of small crustacean, 232, 233;
habits of turtles, and alligators,
257,258; intelligence of vultures,
314; bats sucking blood, 341
Batrachians, 254, 255
Bats, 341

Baya-bird, nidification of, 294
Bears, 350-352

Beattie, Dr., on dog communicating
desires by signs, 447

Beaver, 367-85; breeding habits,
367, 368; lodges, 368-73; dams,
373-79; canals, 379-83; gene-
ral remarks upon, 368, 377, 379,
383; age of their buildings, 384;
effects of their buildings on the
configuration of landscapes, 384,

385

Bechstein, on birds dreaming, 312

BEE

Bee, mason, 178, 179; tapestry, 179;
carpenter, 179; rose, 179; card-
ing, 179, 180

Bees, sense of sight, 143, 144; of
smell and hearing, 144; of direc-
tion, 144-51; remembering exact
locality of absent hive, 148-49;
following floating hives, 149;
memory, 151-55; sympathy, 155,
156; distances over which they
forage, 150; powers of communi-
cation, 156-60; economy of hive,
160-8; food and rearing, 160-
163; swarming and battles of
queens, 163, 164; drone-killing,
164-68; plunder and wars, 168-
170; architecture, 170-8; way-
finding, 181, 182; instinct of
neuters, 181; recognising com-
panions, 183, 184; barricading
doors against moths, 184, 185;
strengthening combs in danger of
falling, 185, 186; mode of dealing
with surfaces of glass, 186; with
strange hives, 186, 187; evacua-
ting fallen hive, 187; ceasing to
store honey in Barbadoes and
California, 187, 188; recognising
persons, 188, 189; biting holes in
corollas, 189; ventilating hives,
191, 192; covering slugs, &c., with
propolis, 190, 191; effects of re-
moving antennæ, 197
Beetles, see Coleoptera
Belshaw, on cat knocking knockers,
422

Belt, on ants, duration of me-
mory in, 39, 40; sympathy, 48;
division of labour, 99; ecitons,
114-19 and 138; tunnelling
under rails, 140; on sand-wasp
taking precise bearings to remem-
ber locality, 150, 151; struggle
between wasps and ants for secre-
tion of frog-hoppers, 194, 195;
intelligence of spiders in protect-
ing themselves from ecitons, 219,
220; beetles undermining stick
supporting a dead toad, 228; in-
telligence of monkeys, 480
Benedictson, on navigating habits of
Iceland mice, 364, 365

BLA

Bennet, on birds dreaming, 312
Bennett, on conjugal fidelity of
duck, 270, 271

Berkeley, G., on beetle storing its
food, 228, 229

Bettziech-Beta, on termites, 199
Bidie, on suicide of scorpion, 222,
223; on reasoning power of cat,

415

Bingley, on intelligence of ants,
133; carpenter-bees, 179; account
of alleged training of bees, 189;
co-operation of beetles, 226, 227;
ant-lion, 230, 235; domestication
of toad, 255; fascination by snakes,
264; sympathy in birds, 272;
eccentricity of nest building in-
stinct, 295; education of birds,
312; pigs pointing game, 339,
340; intelligence of otter, 346;
memory of elephant, 387; vindic-
tiveness of elephant, 387, 389;
elephants enduring surgical opera-
tions, 399, 400

Bird, Miss, on combined action of
crows in obtaining food from dogs,
320

Birds, 266-325; memory of, 266-70;
emotions, 270-82; special habits
of procuring food, 283-6; of in-
cubation and taking care of off-
spring, 287-310; general intelli-
gence, 310-25; dreaming and ima-
gination, 311-12; learning to avoid
telegraph wires, 313; recognising
painting of birds, 311; submitting
to surgical operation, 313-14;
honey-guide, 315-16; appreciation
of mechanical appliances, 315–16;
concerted action, 318-322
Birgus latro, 233
Bison, 334-5

Blackbirds, breaking shells against
stones, 283; removing eggs, 289;
mobbing cat, 291

Blackburn, Professor H., on dis
tances over which bees forage,
150

Blackhouse, R. O., on dog being
alarmed at a statue, 453

Blackman, on cats learning to beg
for food, 414-15

BLA

Blackwall, on early display of in-
stincts by spiders, 216
Blanchard, on mason-bee, 178
Blood, on reasoning power of a dog,
464
Boa-constrictor, really a Python,
which see

Bodley, W. H., on dogs crossing a

river to fight undisturbed, 451-2
Bold, on canary singing against own
image in mirror, 276
Bombyx moth, larva of, 238-40
Bonnet, on spider following her
eggs into pit of ant-lion, 205; his
experiments on instincts of cater-
pillars, 236; observations on ditto,
238

Boobies, plundered by frigate peli-
cans, 284

Bosc, on migrating fish, 248

Bower-bird, instincts of, 279-81, 325
Bowman, Parker, his cat opening
swivel of window, 425
Boys, C. V., his experiments with a
tuning-fork on spiders, 206, 207
Brehm, on wasps recognising per-
sons, 188; intelligence of lapwing,
315, 316; curiosity of monkeys,

477

Broderip, on vindictiveness of ele-
phant, 389

Brodie, Sir B., his definition of
instinct, 15; on bees strengthen-
ing their combs, 185, 186
Brofft, Herr L., on powers of com-
munication in bees, 160
Brougham, Lord, on hexagonal form
of bees' cells, 172; on intelligence
of a dog, 450

Brown, Capt., on vindictiveness of a
stork, 277-8

Brown, W., on a cat extinguishing
fire by water, 425

Browne, Dr. Crichton, on cat ring-
ing bell, 423

Browne, Murray, on fox allowing

itself to be extricated from trap,
431

Browning, A. H., on intelligence of a
dog, 450

Brydon, Dr., on collective instinct
of jackals, 434

BUL

Buchanan, Dr., on climbing perch,
249; on nidification of baya-bird,
294

Büchner, Professor, on ants: nursing
habits, 59; stocking trees with
aphides, 63; warfare, 71-9; play,
87-88; leaf-cutting, 95-96; in-
telligence in making a bridge of
aphides over tar, 136; of them-
selves over a space, 136-37; and
of a straw over water, 137;
ecitons, 139; anatomy and phy-
siology of brain, 141-42. On bees
and wasps: powers of communica-
tion, 158-60; swarming habits,
168; wars and plunder, 169; cell-
building,
177-78; evacuating
dangerous hive, 187; keeping
hives clean, 190; carrying dead
from hive and burying them, 191;
ventilating hives, 191-92; hornet
and wasp dismembering heavy
prey, and carrying it to an
eminence in order to fly away
with it, 196; on termites, 198-
202. On spiders: web-building,
211-12; wolf-spider, 213; trap-
door spiders, 217-18; intelligence
of a spider habitually fed by Dr.
Moschkau, 218-19; spiders weight-
ing their webs, 221. On beetles :
co-operation of, 227-28
Buck, E. C., on intelligence of
crocodiles, 263; on collective in-
stinct of wolves, 433; on combined
action of pelicans, 319

Buckland, F., on pigeon remember-
ing voice of mistress, 266; crows
breaking shells by dropping them
on stones, 283; birds avoiding
telegraph wires, 313

Buckley, on harvesting ants, 103
Buckton, G. B., on caterpillars,
236

Buffalo, 335-37

Buffon, on hexagonal form of bees'
cells, 171-72; association of ideas
in parrot, 269; sympathy in ditto,
275; goat-sucker removing eggs,
289

Bufo obstetricans, 254
Bull, intelligence of, 338

BUR

Burmeister, on powers of communi-
cation in ants, 49
Byron, Lord, lines on alleged
tendency to scorpion to commit
suicide, 222

CADDIS-WORMS, 240

Cairns, Mr. W., on reasoning
power of a dog, 461
Campbell, Mrs. G. M. F., on in-
telligence of goose, 316
Canary, jealousy of, 276; modifica-
tion of incubating instinct in
cage, 287; flying against mirror,
311; trained, 312

Canning, J., his dog knowing value
of different coins, 452-3
Carassius auratus, 246

Carbonnier, M., on telescope-fish,
246

Carlisle, Bishop of, on congregation

or court held by jackdaws, 324
Carpenter, Dr., on intelligence of
rats, 361

Carreri, Gernelli, on monkeys thrust-

ing stones between oyster-shells
to keep them from closing, 481
Carter, H. J., on apparent intelli-
gence of athealium, 19; of acti-
nophrys and amœba, 20-1

Carus, Professor, on spiders weight-
ing their webs, 221
Cat, the, 411-25; general remarks
upon, 411-14; emotions of, 412-
13; general intelligence of, 413–42;
showing zoological discrimination,
414; punishing kittens for mis-
behaviour, 414; begging for food,
414-15; feeding kittens on bread
when milk fails, 415; carrying
kittens to be protected by master,
415; trying to catch image behind
mirror, 416; communicating by
signs, 419; devices for catching
prey, 417-20; appreciation of
mechanical appliances, 420-25;
extinguishing fire by water, 425
Caterpillars, instinct of assisted by
intelligence, 236-8; migrating,
238-40

Choice, as evidence of mind, 2
Clark, G., on intelligence of a bat,
341

Clark, Rev. H., on harvesting ants,
99; on dog recognising portrait,
454-5

Clarville, on co-operation of beetles,
228

Clavigero, on sympathy of pelicans
for wounded companions, 275
Claypole, on intelligence of horse,
331-2

Cnethocampii pitzocampa, 244
Cobra, sexual affection of, 256;
charming, 265; intelligence of,
262

Cock, domestic, killing hen upon
hatching out eggs of other birds,
278

Cælenterata, movements of, and
question concerning their intel-
ligence, 22

Coleoptera, 226-9; co-operation of,
226-8; other instances of intel-
ligence, 228-9

Colquhoun, on reasoning power of
a dog, 463-4

Commensalism, between crab and
anemone, and between mollusk
and anemone, 233

Communication, see Co-operation
Concerted action, see Co-operation