eral exchange of prisoners, a liquidation of all accounts on both sides for the maintenance of prisoners, and provision for their future support-were not accomplished.

THURSDAY, MARCH 28.

At Morristown, New Jersey: "The spirit of enterprise, so conspicuous in your plan for surprising in their quarters and bringing off the Prince William Henry and Admiral Digby, merits applause; and you have my authority to make the attempt, in any manner, and at such a time, as your own judgment shall direct."- Washington to Colonel Matthias Ogden.

Prince William Henry, afterwards William IV., who was serving as a midshipman in the fleet of Admiral Digby, was at this time in New York with the admiral. How far the attempt to capture them progressed is not known; but it is supposed that the enemy became aware of the plan and took the necessary precautions to prevent it.

Washington left Morristown on the morning of March 28, and reached Newburgh, New York, on the 31st, stopping at Pompton and Ringwood on the way. He was accompanied by Mrs. Washington and an escort of an officer, sergeant, and twelve dragoons.

SUNDAY, MARCH 31.

At Newburgh, New York: " March 31st.-His Excellency Gen. Washington arrived at Newburgh; he had been absent from the main army since the 19th of the preceding August, having spent the winter at Philadelphia, after the capture of Earl Cornwallis."-Heath's Memoirs.

"April 2d.—Our General [Heath] went up to Newburgh [from West Point], to pay his respects to the Commander in Chief, where he dined, and returned at evening: Gen. Washington established his quarters at Newburgh."-Heath's Memoirs.

THURSDAY, APRIL 4.

At Newburgh: Orderly Book.-"The Commander in Chief, having returned, and resumed the command of the main army, he presents his thanks to Major General Heath, and the troops which have been employed under his order, for having preserved the important posts committed to his

charge, and covered the country so successfully against the depredations of the enemy, during the absence of the General."

Washington's head-quarters at Newburgh, on the Hudson, eight miles above West Point, were at the "Hasbrouck House," still standing, on the brow of a hill, in the southern part of the city. The house, a substantial stone building, one story high with a high sloping roof, was erected in 1750 by Jonathan Hasbrouck, and enlarged in 1770. The property remained in the possession of the Hasbrouck family until 1849, when the title became vested in the State of New York. In 1850 it was placed by act of assembly in the hands of the board of trustees of the village, to be preserved as nearly as possible as it was at the time of its occupation by Washington. The building was at once restored by a committee appointed by the board of trustees, and the place formally dedicated on the 4th of July of that year. In 1865, by the city charter, the care of the property passed to the city authorities, where it remained until 1874, when the legislature appointed, by act of May 11, a board of trustees to hold and maintain it.—Ruttenber's History of Orange County.

SATURDAY, APRIL 6.

At West Point: "April 6th.-The Commander in Chief visited West-Point, and reviewed the first Massachusetts brigade. On his arrival at the Point, he was saluted by the discharge of 13 cannon."-Heath's Memoirs.

TUESDAY, APRIL 9.

At West Point: "April 9th.-The Commander in Chief reviewed the 3d Massachusetts brigade and 10th regiment, and dined with our General."-Heath's Memoirs.

SATURDAY, APRIL 27.

At Newburgh: "Finding the commissioners appointed to liquidate the accounts of money due for the maintenance of prisoners, and make permanent provision for their future support, have separated without accomplishing any thing, I think it highly expedient, that measures should be adopted, at this moment, for taking the German prisoners of war into our service. As this measure has been considerably agitated, I shall not amplify upon the justice and propriety

of it, which to me seems very obvious."- Washington to the Secretary at War.

In November, 1776, when it was proposed to enlist deserters and prisoners into the American army, Washington expressed his disapproval of the measure, as being neither consistent with the rules of war nor politic; and again, in March 1778, in writing to the President of Congress, he objected to the preamble of a resolution of February 26, prohibiting the enlisting of deserters and prisoners, which implied that such enlistments had been made, saying that if any had been made, he at least was not aware of it. His change of opinion on this subject must have been brought about by the difficulty of securing recruits and the continued expense of maintaining the British prisoners. The suggestion does not seem to have been acted on by Congress.

SUNDAY, APRIL 28.

At Newburgh: "Permit me sir, to express the high sense I have of the honor you have done me in communicating the favorable opinion entertained of my conduct by the Court and nation of France, and to acknowledge my obligation to those officers, who have inspired these Sentiments." Washington to M. de la Luzerne.

"I cannot deny myself the pleasure of informing you of the sentiments with which the reports of the French officers, on their return to Versailles, inspired the court and nation towards your Excellency. Their testimony can add nothing to the universal opinion respecting the great services, which you have rendered to your country; but, to the esteem and admiration of the French, will henceforth be added a sentiment of affection and attachment, which is a just return for the attentions our officers have received from you, and for the progress they have made in their profession by serving under your orders."-Luzerne to Washington, April 18.

WEDNESDAY, MAY 8.

At Newburgh: "Upon the most mature deliberation I can bestow, I am obliged to declare it as my candid opinion, that the measures of the enemy in all their views, so far as they respect America, are merely delusory, (they having no serious intention to admit our independence upon its true principles), and are calculated to produce a change of ministers to quiet the minds of their own people, and reconcile them to a continuance of the war; while they are

meant to amuse this country with a false idea of peace, to draw us off from our connexion with France, and to lull us into a state of security and inactivity, which having taken place, the ministry will be left to prosecute the war in other parts of the world with greater vigor and effect."-Washington to Meshech Weare.

FRIDAY, MAY 10.

At Newburgh: "Just as I was closing these despatches, I received a letter from Sir Guy Carleton, covering sundry printed papers, a copy of which, with the papers, I have now the honor to enclose to your Excellency."- Washington to the President of Congress.

"New York, 7 May, 1782.—Having been appointed by his Majesty to the command of the forces on the Atlantic Ocean, and joined with Admiral Digby in the commission of peace, I find it proper in this manner to apprize your Excellency of my arrival at New York. The occasion, Sir, seems to render this communication proper, but the circumstances of the present time render it also indispensable; as I find it just to transmit herewith to your Excellency certain papers, from the perusal of which your Excellency will perceive what dispositions prevail in the government and people of England towards those of America, and what further effects are likely to follow. If the like pacific dispositions should prevail in this country, both my inclination and duty will lead me to meet it with the most zealous concurrence. In all events, Sir, it is with me to declare, that, if war must prevail I shall endeavour to render its miseries as light to the people of this continent, as the circumstances of such a condition will possibly permit." -Sir Guy Carleton to Washington.

The papers enclosed in the letter were printed copies of the proceedings in the House of Commons on the 4th of March, respecting an address to the king in favor of peace, and also a copy of the bill reported in consequence thereof, enabling his Majesty to conclude a peace or truce with the revolted colonies in North America. As this bill, however, had not passed into a law when Sir Guy left England, it presented no basis for a negotiation, and was only cited by him to show the pacific disposition of the British nation, with which he professed the most zealous concurrence.

WEDNESDAY, MAY 22.

At Newburgh: "With a mixture of great surprise and astonishment, I have read with attention the sentiments

you have submitted to my perusal. Be assured, Sir, no occurrence in the course of the war has given me more painful sensations, than your information of there being such ideas existing in the army, as you have expressed, and I must view with abhorrence and reprehend with severity. . . . I am much at a loss to conceive what part of my conduct could have given encouragement to an address, which to me seems big with the greatest mischiefs, that can befall my country. If I am not deceived in the knowledge of myself, you could not have found a person to whom your schemes are more disagreeable." - Washington to Colonel Lewis Nicola.

In reply to a letter in which, after calling attention to the discontents of the officers and soldiers respecting the arrearages of pay, and the probability of no adequate provisions being made by Congress, Colonel Nicola wrote that many were led to look for the cause in the form of government, and to distrust the stability of republican institutions. From the innumerable embarrassments in which the country had been involved during the war, on account of its defective political organization, he inferred that America could never become prosperous under such a form of government, and that the English government was nearer perfection than any other: "Therefore I little doubt, that, when the benefits of a mixed government are pointed out, and duly considered, such will be readily adopted. In this case it will, I believe, be uncontroverted, that the same abilities, which have led us through difficulties, apparently insurmountable by human power, to victory and glory, those qualities, that have merited and obtained the universal esteem and veneration of an army, would be most likely to conduct and direct us in the smoother paths of peace. Some people have so connected the ideas of tyranny and monarchy, as to find it very difficult to separate them. It may therefore be requisite to give the head of such a constitution, as I propose, some title apparently more moderate; but, if all other things were once adjusted, I believe strong arguments might be produced for admitting the title of KING, which I conceive would be attended with some material advantages."

Lewis Nicola at the time of writing this letter was colonel of the corps of invalids, having been appointed by Congress, June 20, 1777. Previous to this he had acted as barrack-master at Philadelphia from April 20, 1776, to December 2, 1776, when he was appointed, by the Council of Safety of the State, town-major of Philadelphia. This office he held in connection with that of colonel of the invalid regiment until February 5, 1782, when he was dismissed from the service of the State with the thanks of the Su