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with rubble stone. This drain is to be made between the footpath and the bottom of the slope; the bottom of it to be eighteen inches below the upper surface of the finished footpath, and at the opposite side of the road, the bottom of it is to be one foot below the under surface of the metal pavement, as shown in fig. 4. An open catch drain is to be made through the cuttings, above the quicksets, and also at the tops of the slopes, where the ground inclines to the road; to be one foot deep, sloping three to one on the field side, and one to one on the road side, meeting in an angle at the bottom, and the whole neatly dressed and covered with green sod.

FENCING.

The fencing to be constructed as shown in the section; a ditch to be cut, and a mound to be raised, together occupying eight feet; the ditch to be on the field side, the mound to be cut out of the natural ground, four feet wide at top, ten inches wide at bottom, and two feet and a half deep.* The mound, of four feet wide, is to be raised by a sod, with the green or swarded side out, to the height of fourteen inches above the side channels of the road, and the top to be rounded from the ditch to the top of the sod. Two rows of quicksets to be planted on the ditch side of the mound, as shown in the section. Nine plants to be set in

* In wet land the drain should be at least four feet deep.

each lineal yard; they are to have good roots, to be two years transplanted, to be put in between the first day of November and the last day of March. A trench, eighteen inches wide and fifteen inches deep, is to be cut, and filled with good vegetable mould, in the middle of which the two rows of quicksets are to be planted: in all the cuttings the quicksets are to be planted at the distance of eighteen inches from the footpath on the one side, and the carriage road on the other side. (Plate VII. fig. 4.) On all embankments they are to be planted so that the distance between the middle of the rows on each side shall be thirtyeight feet. (Plate VII. fig. 5.) Particular attention is to be paid to the preparation and quality of the earth of the quickbed, and every thing connected with the planting of the quicksets.

The quicksets are to be protected by two rows of posts and rails on each side of the road, three rails in each length; the posts are to be five feet long, and at least five by three inches of good oak ; the rails to be not more than eight feet long, and three inches and a half by two inches and a half, and may be of good elm, ash, or fir timber. In each length of rail a prick post is to be driven into the ground; they are to be placed in the middle between the posts, to be at least twelve inches in the ground, and well fitted, and strongly nailed to each rail. (Plate VII. fig. 6.) A mound, two feet wide and fourteen inches high, to be made below the railing placed on the top of the embankments. Each field must be fenced off with the posts and

rails before any part of the road work is commenced in that field, or before any of the hedges or ditches now existing on the lands be removed or touched. Ten field gates, with iron hinges and fastenings, and ground posts, all similar to the best kinds used in the neighbourhood, to be furnished and erected; and should a greater or less number be required, they are to be allowed or deducted from the contract at so much per gate. At each gate, drains with good draining tiles not less than ten inches, or of brick one foot wide, to be laid in the sides of the road; and drains of the same construction as the cross ones, one foot square in the clear, to be made in the field or outside ditches: the length of these drains to be twelve feet, and a road to be made over them into the fields, eight feet in breadth, and covered with broken stone of the same quality as used for pitching the road; to be eight inches deep, and extending into the fields ten feet at least beyond the line of the quicksets. No inclination from the road into the fields to be more than one in sixteen, and all the gates to open into the fields.

DEPÔTS FOR HOLDING REPAIR MATERIALS.

Eight depôts to be erected in each mile of road, in such places as may be pointed out by the engineer or his assistant. (Plate IV. fig. 7.) They are to be built of stone and lime, twelve yards long, three feet high above the side channel of the road, and to be founded as low as necessary below that,

to give stability to the work. The ends to be two

the bottom, and to The thickness of throughout for the

yards and a half in the clear at rise one yard and a half at top. the work to be eighteen inches height of three feet; the work under that to be two feet thick. The top of the back, side, and slopes to be coped with large stones set on edge, and even, and flagged with sandstone in the rough, neatly jointed and well bedded.

The back and ends of the depôts are to have a mound of earth thrown up against them, eighteen inches high on the outside, and eighteen inches or two feet on the base, rounded off on the top, and faced with sod if necessary, and the regular quantity of quicksets planted in it, which are to be protected by the field row of posts and rails described before; a tile drain to be laid in front of the open, thirteen yards long, and ten inches wide.*

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS.

All the lines to be marked out by the chief engineer to the parliamentary commissioners, or his assistant, and the general formation of the road is to be to his satisfaction; he is also to be satisfied with the solidity of all embankments before the foundation or bottom course of pavement is laid on them. The stone used for the pavement, and

* A specification in the original schedule for building a bridge has been transferred to Chapter VII., on Road Masonry. The specifications also in that chapter for depôts and inlets were taken from this schedule.

the packing and setting of the same, are in all cases to be approved of by him before any broken metal is laid on. He is also to be satisfied that the top metal is of proper quality and dimensions before the binding is laid on, and that the cross drains are properly constructed and firmly backed before earth or turf is placed on them. A passage is to be constructed from the embankment at the mill near the bridge, to admit carts to Barnewall's mill and premises: it is to be fourteen feet wide, to have an inclination not more than one in sixteen, to be covered with broken stone ten inches thick at the middle, and six inches at the sides; a dry stone wall to be built on the outside, to retain the earth; to have a batter of two inches in three feet, and to rise three feet above the surface of the finished road, as a protecting parapet; to be fifteen inches thick at top, and increasing in thickness by an offset of three inches on the inside for every foot to the foundation; the top course to be set in good lime and mortar. A paved channel one foot and a half wide is to be laid along both sides of the road, from top to bottom; where the road crosses Folly Lane there will be a cutting of two feet. The lane must be lowered at each side of the road, and properly levelled to an inclination of one in sixteen for the whole width of the road. The part thus broken up must be coated with six inches of broken sandstone of the best quality in the neighbourhood. Tile drains are to be laid along the side of the road for the whole width of the lane at the point of intersection.

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