All in exact proportion to their state:
Nothing to add, and nothing to abate.
5 Each beast, each insect, happy in its own,
Is heaven unkind to man, and man alone?
Shall he alone whom rational we call,

Be pleased with nothing, if not blessed with all? This bliss of man, (could pride that blessing find,) 6 Is not to act or think beyond mankind;

No powers of body or of soul to share,
But what his nature and his state can bear.
7 Why has not man a microscopic eye?

8 For this plain reason: man is not a fly.
Say what the use, were finer optics given,
To inspect a mite, not comprehend the heaven?
9 Or touch, if tremblingly alive all o'er,
To smart and agonize at every pore?

Or quick effluvia darting through the brain,
Die of a rose in aromatic pain?

If nature thundered in his opening ears,

O And stunned him with the music of the spheres,
How would he wish that heaven had left him still
The whispering zephyr and the purling rill!
11 Who finds not Providence all good and wise,
Alike in what it gives, and what denies?

Pope.

Sentence 6th.-A declarative double compact with the first and second proposition only, expressed. "The bliss of man is not, &c., but it is no powers, &e." Sentence 9th.-A semi-interrogative, consisting of a simple declarative, and a compound indefinite imperfect loose interrogative. Each of the parts of the interrogative, single compact. Sentence 10th.-A semi-exclamation: The connection of the parts compact.

SEC. LXVIII.

THE CRUELTY OF THE INFIDEL.

There are in most societies, a set of self-important young 1 men, who borrow consequence from singularity, and take precedency in wisdom from the unfeeling use of the ludi2 crous. This is, at best, a shallow quality; in objects of eternal moment, it is poisonous to society. I will not now, 3 nor could you then, stand forth armed at all points to repel the attacks which they make on the great principles of your belief, but let one suggestion suffice, exclusive of all internal evidence, or extrinsic proof of revelation. He who 4 would undermine those foundations upon which the fabric of our future hope is reared, seeks to beat down that column which supports the feebleness of humanity. Let him but think for a moment, and his heart will arrest the cruelty of 5 his purpose: would he pluck its little treasure from the bo

som of poverty? would he wrest its crutch from the hand of age, and remove from the eye of affliction the only solace of its woe? The way we tread is rugged at best: we 6 tread it, however, lighter by the prospect of that better country to which we trust it will lead. Tell us not that it will end in the gulf of eternal dissolution, or break off in 7 some wild, which fancy may fill up as she pleases, but reason is unable to delineate; quench not that beam which. amidst the night of this evil world has cheered the despondency of ill-requited worth, and illumined the darkness of suffering virtue. Mackenzie.

Sentence 5th.-"If he will let, &c., then his heart," &c. Sentence 7th.-A dou.ble compact declarative, with the first proposition only, containing two members, expressed.

SEC. LXIX.

BOLDNESS AND PERSEVERANCE IN THE CAUSE
OF JUSTICE ONLY, COMMENDABLE.

Dare nobly then; but, conscious of your trust,
1 As ever warm and bold, be ever just;
Nor court applause in these degenerate days:
The villain's censure is extorted praise.
2 But chief, be steady in a noble end,

And show mankind that truth has yet a friend.
3 'Tis mean for empty praise of wit to write,
As foplings grin to show their teeth are white;
To brand a doubtful folly with a smile,
Or madly blaze unknown defects, is vile :
"This doubly vile, when, but to prove your art,
You fix an arrow in a blameless heart.

Pope.

Sentence 3d.-If "t is mean for empty praise, &c., then 't is doubly mean, &c."

SEC. LXX. THE SUFFERINGS OF THE HUGUENOTS.

1 At length, the edict of Nantz was formally revoked. Calvinists might no longer preach in churches, or in the ruins of churches; all public worship was forbidden them; 2 and the chancellor Le Tellier could shout aloud, Now, Lord, lettest thou thy servant depart in peace: even the eloquent Bossuet, in false rhetoric that reflects disgrace on his understanding and heart, could declare the total overthrow of heresy; while Louis XIV., believed his glory perfected by an absolute union of all dissenters with the Roman Church.

3 But the extremity of danger inspired even the wavering

with courage. What though they were exposed, without 4 defence, to the fury of an unbridled soldiery, whom hatred of heretics had steeled against humanity? Property was 5 exposed to plunder: religious books were burned: children torn from their parents: faithful ministers, who would not abandon their flocks, broken on the wheel. Men were 6 dragged to the altars, to be tortured into a denial of the faith of their fathers; and a relapse was punished with extreme rigor. The approach of death removes the fear of persecu7 tion: bigotry invented a new terror: the bodies of those who died rejecting the sacraments, were thrown out to wolves and dogs. The mean-spirited, who changed their 8 religion, were endowed with the entire property of their family. The dying father was made to choose between 9 wronging his conscience by apostacy, and beggaring his offspring by fidelity. All children were ordered to be taken 10 away from protestant parents; but that law it was impossible to enforce nature will assert her rights. It became a 11 study to invent torments, dolorous, but not mortal: to inflict all the pain the human body could endure, and not die. What need of recounting the horrid enormities committed 12 by troops whose commanders had been ordered "to use the utmost rigor towards those who will not adopt the creed of the king? to push to an extremity the vain-glorious fools, who delay their conversion to the last?" What need of 13 describing the stripes, the roastings by slow fires, the plunging into wells, the gashes from knives, the wounds from red-hot pincers, and all the cruelties employed by men who were only forbidden not to ravish nor to kill? The 14 loss of lives cannot be computed. How many thousands 15 of men, how many thousands of children and women, per ished in the attempt to escape, who can tell? An historiar 16 has asserted, that ten thousand perished at the stake, or or the gibbet and the wheel.

17

But the efforts of tyranny were powerless. Truth en 18 joys serenely her own immortality; and opinion, which al ways yields to a clear conviction, laughs violence to scorn The unparalleled persecution of vast masses of men fo 19 their religious creed, occasioned but a new display of the power of humanity: the Calvinists preserved their faith over the ashes of their churches, and the bodies of their murdered ministers. The power of a brutal soldiery was defied by whole companies of faithful men, that still assembled to sing their psalms; and from the country and the 20 city, from the comfortable homes of wealthy merchants, from the abodes of a humbler peasantry, from the work

shops of artisans, hundreds of thousands of men rose up, as with one heart, to bear testimony to the indefeasible, irresistible right to freedom of mind. Bancroft.

Sentence 4th.-" What yet did it avail, though," &c.

SEC. LXXI. NEW YORK AS IT WAS.

Having completed his discovery, Hudson descended the stream to which time has given his name; and on the 1 fourth of October, he set sail for Europe: leaving once more to its solitude the land, that his imagination, anticipating the future, described as the most beautiful in the world.

Sombre forests shed a melancholy grandeur over the 2 useless magnificence of nature, and hid in their deep shades the soil which the sun had never warmed. No axe had 3 levelled the giant progeny of the crowded groves, in which the fantastic forms of withered limbs, that had been blasted and riven by lightning, contrasted strangely with the verdant freshness of a younger growth of branches. The 4 wanton grape-vine, seeming by its own power to have sprung from the earth, and to have fastened its leafy coils on the top of the tallest forest-tree, swung in the air with every breeze, like the loosened shrouds of a ship. Trees might every where be seen breaking from their root in the 5 marshy soil, and threatening to fall with the first rude gust; while the ground was strown with the ruins of former forests, over which a profusion of wild flowers wasted their freshness in mockery of the gloom. Reptiles sported in 6 the stagnant pools, or crawled unharmed, over piles of moldering trees. The spotted deer couched among the 7 thickets; but not to hide, for there was no pursuer; and there were none but wild animals to crop the uncut herbage of the productive prairies. Silence reigned: broken, 8 it may have been, by the flight of land-birds, or the flapping of water-fowl, and rendered more dismal by the howl of beasts of prey. The streams, not yet limited to a channel, 9 spread over sand-bars, tufted with copses of willow, or waded through wastes of reeds, or slowly but surely undermined the groups of sycamores that grew by their side. The smaller brooks spread out into sedgy swamps, that 10 were overhung by clouds of mosquitoes: masses of decaying vegetation fed the exhalations with the seeds of pestilence, and made the balmy air of the summer's evening as 11 deadly as it was grateful. Vegetable life and death were

12 mingled hideously together. The horrors of corruption frowned on the fruitless fertility of uncultivated nature.

And man, the occupant of the soil, was wild as the savage scene in harmony with the rude nature by which he was surrounded: a vagrant over the continent, in constant warfare with his fellow-man: the bark of the birch, his canoe strings of shells his ornaments, his record, and his coin: the roots of the forest, among his resources for food: his knowledge in architecture, surpassed both in strength 13 and durability by the skill of the beaver: bended saplings, the beams of his house: the branches and rind of trees, its roof: drifts of forest-leaves, his couch: mats of bulrushes, his protection against the winter's cold: his religion, the adoration of nature his morals, the promptings of undisciplined instinct disputing with the wolves and bears the lordship of the soil, and dividing with the squirrel, the wild fruits with which the universal woodlands abounded. Bancroft.

1

SEC. LXXII. A POLITICAL PAUSE.

"But we must pause!" says the honorable gentleman. What! must the bowels of Great Britain be torn out, her 2 best blood spilt, her treasure wasted, that you may make an experiment? Put yourselves, oh! that you would put 3 yourselves, on the field of battle, and learn to judge of the sort of horrors that you excite. In former wars, a man might, at least, have some feeling, some interest, that served 4 to balance in his mind the impressions which a scene of carnage and of death must inflict; but if a man were present now at the field of slaughter, and were to inquire for what they were fighting, "Fighting!" would be the answer; "they are not fighting; they are pausing." Why is that 5 man expiring? why is that other writhing with agony? what means this implacable fury? The answer must be, 6" You are quite wrong, sir: you deceive yourself: they are not fighting; do not disturb them; they are merely 7 pausing! This man is not expiring with agony; that man is not dead; he is only pausing! Lord help you, sir: they are 8 not angry with one another; they have now no cause of quarrel, but their country thinks that there should be a pause! All that you see, sir, is nothing like fighting; there 9 is no harm, nor cruelty, nor bloodshed in it, whatever; it is nothing more than a political pause! It is merely to try O an experiment, to see whether Bonaparte will not behave himself better than heretofore; and in the meantime we have agreed to a pause, in pure friendship!"