MEDICAL EDUCATION AND REQUIREMENTS FOR PRACTICE IN CANADA, CUBA, MEXICO, THE COUNTRIES OF EUROPE AND JAPAN. DOMINION OF CANADA. The British dominions north of the United States consist of the Dominion of Canada and the Island of Newfoundland. The Dominion of Canada is made up of the following provinces: Nova Scotia and Cape Breton, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Province of Quebec, Province of Ontario, Province of Manitoba, Province of the Northwest Territories. which includes the Klondyke district, and the Province of British Columbia, which includes the island of Van couver. Each of these several provinces enacts its own medical laws, which can not be interfered with by any federal legislation. At present there is no general reciprocity existing among the several provinces; any reciprocity which does exist-i. e., accepting the license of one province as good for another-will be mentioned in the description of the requirements for practice in each particular province. NEWFOUNDLAND. This province is controlled by a board called the Newfoundland Medical Board, Henry Shea, M. R. C. P., L. R. C. S., St. Johns, being president, and J. Sinclair Tait. M. D., L. R. C. P., St. Johns, registrar. In accordance with the Newfoundland Medical Act no person can begin the study of medicine without passing matriculation examination, which is equivalent to the examination required by the General Council of Medical Enregistration and Education of Great Britain. The whole examination must be passed at one time. Graduates in arts are exempted from examination. Licentiates in the various provinces of Canada and licentiates of Great Britain are allowed to practice without further examination. Candidates for licenses from the United States are required to produce evidence of having passed the matriculation examination equivalent to the one mentioned, and to have studied four years before obtaining their diplomas. NOVA SCOTIA. Nova Scotia has a separate Provincial Medical Board, of which Dr. E. W. H. Lindsay, of Halifax, is registrar. In order to obtain license to practice in this province it is necessary for British subjects to pass an examination consisting of English, arithmetic, algebra, geometry, Latin, mechanics of solids and fluids and an optional study, such as French, German or Greek. Details of this examination may be obtained from the registrar. Candidates require to take at least 50 per cent of each subject and 60 per cent on the total. Examinations are held twice a year, the first Thursday in May and last in September. The student so enregistered, after completing four years of study in a recognized university in Canada, may obtain on application his license to practice without further examination. Graduates in medicine from the United States wishing to practice in this province are usually submitted to examination unless they have been enregistered for a number of years. PROVINCE OF NEW BRUNSWICK. Province of New Brunswick has its medical education controlled by the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New Brunswick, of which G. E. Coulthard, M. D., Fredericton, is president, and G. H. Coburn, M. D., of Fredericton, is registrar. This province also requires a matriculation examination for British subjects very similar to that required by Nova Scotia, which examination or its equivalent will in all cases be required to be enregistered with the council prior to the beginning of medical study. The matriculation examinations are held in St. John twice each year, on the first Wednesday in July and the second Wednesday in September. In order to obtain a license to practice according to the amendmeuts of the Medical Act passed in March, 1895, the candidate must satisfy the council that he has passed the preliminary examination and has put in four years of study consisting of four graded collegiate courses of not less than six months each at some recognized college or university. In the absence of having such a diploma from a recognized college, the candidate. for license is submitted to the professional examination, which pro. fessional examination is held once a year in St. John, commencing third Wednesday in June. PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND. Prince Edward Island has also a medical board. At present it has an examining board for professional examinations, but admits to practice on the island those who are qualified to practice in New Brunswick or Nova Scotia on payment of a required fee. Registered practitioners of Great Britain are entitled to practice upon payment of a fee. Graduates in medicine from any university in Canada or from certain United States medical schools specified in the separate schedule to the Act, who obtained their diploma prior to 1880 are entitled to enregister upon payment of $20.00. Other than those above mentioned must present proof of having undergone the requisite amount of study in a recognized university, and must pass an examination before the medical council. These three provinces, namely, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and will probably within a year or two be governed by one medical board and no one will be admitted to practice unless he has conformed to regulations which will be similar to those in Ontario and Quebec, i. e., all will be submitted to an examination in professional subjects. PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. The medical education in the Province of Quebec is under the control of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of the Province of Quebec, of which Dr. David Marcil. Sr., of St. Eustache, Que., is president, and Dr. A. T. Brosseau, 138 St. Denis street, Montreal, is registrar, to whom all applications should be made for entrance upon practice. There is in this province a matriculation examination, which must be passed by all candidates desiring to obtain license except B. A.'s of Canadian universities, which B. A. degree must be enregistered at the time of beginning the study of medicine. The time of the beginning of the study of medicine in this as well as several of the other provinces of Canada dates from the time of matriculation. The matriculation examination is an exceptionally difficult one, being the most advanced of any other province in the dominion. Details can be obtained on application. For all students after matriculating four years of nine months each are required to obtain a license. The studies may be pursued in any of the three universities of the Province of Quebec, namely, McGill, Laval or Bishop's College. On obtaining a degree in medicine from one of these medical schools it is only necessary to register the same to obtain a license to practice. No examination is held by the council, but they exercise a supervision by means of assessors over the examinations in the three universities mentioned above. This is practically the only course that can be pursued by anyone desiring to obtain a license to practice in this province. Graduates and licentiates of the United States, unless they have passed the primary examination and studied for four years are not admitted to practice. Neither are licentiates of Great Britain except under special circumstances. The board, however, may appoint examiners and submit to an examination in professional subjects practitioners from United States who wish to practice in this province. The examinations for matriculation are held twice a year, in June in Montreal, and in September in Quebec, and in the same month the governors of the council meet to enregister practitioners. PROVINCE OF ONTARIO. The Province of Ontario is presided over by a medical council, of which Dr. R. A. Pyne, corner Bay and Richmond streets, Ontario, is the registrar, and Dr. J. Henry, of Orangeville, Ont., is president. Practitioners are incorporated under the title of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario. It consists of ten members chosen from the various universities in the province and seventeen others elected from the different elective divisions by the practioners. These seventeen territorial representatives are elected every four years. |