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FOUNDRIES AND MACHINE-SHOPS.

Wages paid per hour in iron foundries, machine shops, and ship-building yards in the consular district of Leith.

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Wages paid per day of eight hours in and in connection with coal mines in the consular dis

trict of Leith.

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Wages for miners are much the same now as they were in 1878, when last reported on. They fell slightly in 1879, during a period of general depression, but rose again in 1880, when times improved, and have fluctuated variously since then. Previous to the year 1850, when the movement for bettering his condition was only in its infancy, the wage of the miner was 61 cents per day, and, counting off his usual deductions, he was left with a sum even less than was paid to the poorest agricultural laborer. Wages (per day) have varied very considerably since 1850, as the following brief note will show: Year 1854, $1.21; 1859, 79 cents; 1864, 97 cents; 1869, 91 cents; 1872 to 1874, $1.46 to $2.43; 1879, 73 cents to $1.09.

The miners generally did not save much out of the high wages ob tained during the period 1872 to 1874. Such a time is not likely to occur again, as the high prices then got for coal stimulated other nations to search for it, with the result that several countries to which coal used to be exported in large quantities from Great Britain, have now coal-mines of their own.

With reference to the cost of living it may be stated that miners, as a rule, make the cost of living exactly the same as the wages they

earn. The rents they pay are generally about 25 to 26 cents per week, and deductions are made from their wages of 6 cents perm an per week for doctors' fees, 4 cents for sharpening their working tools, and 4 cents for school. This last is a great advantage to a man with a large family, which nearly every married miner has.

Strikes are frequent and the feeling between the miners and their employers for a long time has not been of an amicable nature.

Almost every colliery has a benefit society for itself, the men paying each fortnight a sum into the funds and in the event of sickness, personal or otherwise, getting help.

In many collieries they have co-operative stores, which are consid ered of great benefit to the men.

RAILWAY EMPLOYÉS.

The wages paid per day, week, or year, to railway employes, those engaged about stations as well as those engaged on the engines and cars, linemen, laborers, &c., in the Leith consular district.

Clerks in offices in Edinburgh, Leith, and district surrounding, apprentices, $73 first year, $97.33 second year, rising to $340.65 by increments of $48.66 per annum. A few salaries rise to $584 per annum.

Chief clerks in the several head offices having $730 to $973.30.

Agents at stations from $253.05 to $584; average, $364.98, with free house, coal, gas, garden, and some other prequisites.

Inspectors in traffic department under general superintendent and goods manager, $350.65, $584, and $389.32.

Rates of wages paid per week to the various classes of workmen employed upon railways in Scotland in 1873, 1878, and 1884.

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* All these classes are paid extra for Sunday or extra for night-shift. The rates are for six days of twelve hours at the utmost, but around Edinburgh eight hours shifts for signalmen.

↑ Rising 24 cents per day.

According to class of cabin and signals.

A few at this price, but all over the line $4. 80 is the rate.

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Court to the various classes of workmen employed upon “acays in scotland in 1973, 187, and 1884.

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The salary of $973.30, or anything near it, is that of buyers, who are usually heads of depart

ments.

First and second year. 848 66; fifth year, $121.66. $729.97, or anything near it, to managers.

Apprentices usually receive $48 66 the first year, $58.40 the second, $73 the third, and $87.60 the fourth year. When a fifth year's services are given the pay is generally $102.20.

HOUSEHOLD WAGES.

Wages paid per year to household servants in the consular district of Leith.

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Wages paid per year to agricultural laborers and household (country) servants in Scotland.

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Day laborers receive from 42 cents to 91 cents per day according to demand for them and to their ability.

Wages paid per year to agricultural laborers, &c.—Continued.

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*Without food. In harvest, however, women get from 73 cents to 97 cents per day, but they have to do almost men's work.

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