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LAW MAGAZINE and LAW

REVIEW, for MAY, being No. 13 of the United New
Series, is This Day published, price 5s and contains:-1. Pri-
vileges of Parliament. 2. The Tenure of Real Property in
Guernsey. 3. Costs in the Probate Court. 4. Shakespeare in
the Queen's Bench. 6. Mr Locke King's Intestacy Bill. 6. The
Library of the Middle Temple. 7. Principles and Law of
Banking. 8. Judicial Anticipation. 9. The Failure and Fate of
the Statute Law Commission. 10. Taylor on Poisons. 11. The

Divorce Court. 12. Bankruptcy Law Reform. 13. Lord Murray.
14. Recent Attacks on the Titles to Real Property. Conservative
Landed Estates Bills, Notes of Recent Leading Cases: Smith
Notices of New Books, Events of the Quarter,

The work is now complete formight the Library Edition: Smith (Divorce Court), Scott & Dixon, (Queen's Bench). POEMS. By the late Dr DRENNAN. Second

CHARTOGRAPHY, by J. R. JACKSON, F.R.S. OUR NAVAL POSITION and POLICY. the Fugitive Reminiscences of & Retired Governess.-German

Story-Telling.-A Brace of Novels.-GETTING (by the
Author of Behind the Scenes in Paris '), Chaps. XII to XVII:
-Wanted a Carate-One Weary Journey ended, another begins
-A Very Flagrant Case-Arcades Ambo; or, a pair of Rasonls
R.E.-Sinking a Sly Shaft-Secretary to El Dorado.-The New
Books:-Gray's-inn Lane, past and present-The Decline of
Streets-Petticoat Lane-A Penny Gaff-Christianity in the

No. 2,676.]

THE POLITICAL EXAMINER.

If I might give a short hint to an impartial writer it would be to tell him his fate.
If he resolved to venture upon the dangerous precipice of telling unbiassed truth
let him proclaim war with mankind neither to give nor to take quarter. If
he tells the crimes of great men they fall upon him with the iron hands of the
law; if he tells them of virtues, when they have any, then the mob attacks him
with slander. But if he regards truth, let him expect martyrdom on both sides,
and then he may go on fearless; and this is the course I take myself.-DE FOE.

THE RETURNED MEMBERS' DEBT TO THE
COUNTRY.

jects. On the Middlesex hustings excellently remarked Mr of prerogative, Parliament not sitting, increases the allowance to 4d. Byng: Are not these matters, Sir, pregnant with the greatest of meaning? We shall see how this new House of Commons deals with them. I duct of a member of Parliament should be guided. He should, I decidedly of opinion that a searching, impartial inquiry into the I will tell you what in my opinion are the rules by which the con- am anxious to have a Reform Bill as soon as possible; but I am think, boldly state and boldly abide by his principles. He should means of alleged corruption used at this election is the preliminary choose the party to which he should attach himself; and I say this step. It will lay bare the plague-spots which require immediate because I am one of those who hold the opinion that it is neither wise excision, if not a healing cure, which I fear is impossible, for it will nor politic for a member of Parliament to maintain an exaggerated in-require a deep cutting with the pruning knife, and a thorough dependence. He must belong to some one party or another if he hopes probing of matter to show to an honest Government the direction the to achieve any good. He should, moreover, be prepared to support remedial measures should take. But, Sir, is this all? If there be a his party when he finds its principles to be in unison with his own subject more delicate, more tender than another, it is the question of convictions and in accordance with the professions which he might the treatment of religious sects in this country. Now, I am about have made to his constituents. In order that we may secure an effi- to speak in the presence of a valued, and, I had almost said, a much The country has done much for its Liberal representa- cient and stable Government it is necessary that individual politicians loved friend of the Roman Catholic persuasion (referring to Mr should merge their own private differences and peculiar crotchets, and Philip Howard). Mr Bowyer, a Roman Catholic, at Dundalk, tives; what will they do for it in return? It has resisted aid their party in carrying out that policy which they believe to be for stated on the hustings that Lord Derby's Government had given the arts of cajolery and corruption, and in many cases inti-the benefit of the country. It is of course idle to expect that among a reason to the Roman Catholics in Ireland to believe that they conparty mustering, as the Liberal party does, considerably over 300 templated granting a charter of incorporation for a Roman Catholic midation. Many an elector has given an honest vote, for members, diversity of opinion in matters of detail should not be found University in Dublin. I am utterly incredulous as to any such inwhich he will lose custom or suffer ejectment, and many thich I am a humble but sincere member, "Sink your differences main in power, will ever grant the charter; but certainly Mr Bowyer to exist. I would, however, respectfully say to that great party, of tention. I do not believe that Lord Derby's Government, if it realso have made sacrifices of their time and exertions in in the desire to strive for the public good. Recollect that your con- is a gentleman on whom reliance can be placed, and he stated reason order to send to Parliament men who will promote Reform, stituents have sent you to the House of Commons pledged to a Libe- to hope had been given that such a charter should be granted. Now, ral line of policy, how are you to answer the questions which they that is what has been done in Ireland. Has nothing of the same preserve peace so far as England is concerned, and support are sure to put to you if, owing to some petty spite or the pursuit of sort been done in England? I am afraid in a case at Nottingham, Liberal principles. But what avails all this if some general particular crotchet, you refuse to unite with others for the general where the Roman Catholics had at repeated former elections done agreement and co-operation be wanting? In politics as in weal, and rather than forego your own individual opinions upon a their very utmost to support Liberal candidates, from communicawar, an assemblage without organization and discipline is a fiament, and the country misrepresented?" Such I believe to be the fidential communication to them, it was desired from authority the given point, are content that a great party should be eclipsed in Par- tions made to the Roman Catholic priesthood, in the shape of a conmob utterly incapable of any great and lasting success. It sentiments which it is our duty to inculcate on the minds of our Roman Catholics should vote for Mr Paget, the Whig, and for is, as Mr D'Israeli called it, a rope of sand. How is cohe- leaders, as well as upon the rank and file of our party. another gentleman who was a candidate in Lord Derby's interest. sion to be introduced? Why, everywhere except on a cerThe Roman Catholics there manfully repudiated any such advice. It tain side of the House of Commons, men who find themwas attempted to seduce them from their former course, but manfully they voted as before. selves in bodies give up something individually in order to obtain something collectively. It was so at every Liberal And notwithstanding the unholy Ministerial alliance with member's election. His supporters did not agree with him Cardinal Wiseman and the ultra-Popish set, the clergy of the Church of England have lent Lord Derby's party their in all points; some differed with him about one thing, and some about another, but they did not therefore stand aloof, The annual expenditure of England for packet communication most strenuous and, indeed, passionate aid, so little of that and finding the good predominate, they sunk their minor establishment at Dover had been conducted until very recently really at heart. Never, we believe, was there an election in approaches 1,000,000., an enormous expenditure. The packet Protestant feeling of which they boast so much have they differences and gave him their cordial support. And this by contract. The contract had expired. Before the election the which there was so much clerical meddling and flagrant is wise and honest party conduct. In times past party has question of renewing it had been brought under consideration of had its excesses, and been carried to a vice; but we have Government. The Government had declined to renew the contract; misconduct as in the present. We have heard of instances of late seen also what is eulogistically called independence and it is stated (I cannot vouch for it) that immediately upon the of actual ruffianism which would be incredible but for the in excess, and carried to a vice. In the rope of sand every into, and the fact of that new contract for packet service at Dover eve of the election the contract which had been refused was entered perfect reliance we can place on the truth of our informants. distinct and separate atom conceits itself independent, but turned the votes of a very decisive number of voters. what comes of it but the rope of sand. Independence is in thing against Dover.

a

THE MINISTERIAL JOBBERY.

Sir James Graham has thrown additional light on the
Dover election:

That is some

many senses an honourable thing, but not the independence It is indeed. And why is the Calais line of packets THE OPENING OF THE CAMPAIGN. of one man of others in a body having a common cause. continued except for electioneering purposes? To keep Austria has missed fire. The weather has not suited the Each must depend on others for success, bear and forbear, up a Tory interest in the place the Paris mails are delicate constitution of her army. She has got wet in the and give up some freedom of action to obtain the advantages sent a round of sixty or seventy miles, instead of being feet. Her valour has caught cold. She has stuck in of concert and co-operation. These are commonplaces we forwarded direct through Folkestone and Boulogne. The the ud in Piedmo She is in a mess. She has know, but they are commonplaces that are wanting in Par- pretext for this inconvenient arrangement has been had no footing for fighting. She must wait till it gets liamentary conduct on the Liberal side, though eminently that there is water at all times of tide at Calais, which dry. Yet, though like the poor Ophelia, she has had illustrated on the opposite. is not the case at Boulogne, but the recent stranding of "too much of water," nevertheless she has been doing The present is no ordinary juncture. Never was a Par- the Frederick William mail packet gives the flattest nothing but dabbling in rivers, crossing the Po, and reliament elected to watch over the councils of the nation in practical contradiction to this argument. It may be true crossing the Po, crossing the Sesia, and recrossing the circumstances more critical and momentous. A small mis- that for some days in every fortnight the mail for Bou- Sesia. She has occupied places and evacuated them. She take may plunge us into a great war, the end of which few logue would have to wait perhaps three or four hours for has advanced and retreated, advanced and retreated again. may live to see, all to rue. If ever wisdom was required in tide time, but in the long run this loss would be more than An invader, she has taken post behind a river, and thrown our Government it is now, and the man in representative made up by the time gained in the shortened land journey, up defensive works. She has been within easy reach of trust who believes it to be wanting, and who refrains from Be it borne in mind that the Calais route costs a regular the enemy, but acts as if she had no business with him, endeavouring to remove incapacity and substitute ability, is loss of two hours and a half day in the communication nothing to do with either Piedmontese or Frenchmen, the worst traitor to his country. Men who have confidence with Paris and Marseilles, while the delay for the few un-except to keep out of their way. She might as well, or in the Ministry will do well to give it their hearty support; suitable tides in a fortnight by the other route of Boulogne better, have stayed at home. But the rains are to account we blame them not, we respect them for their consistency; would not amount to thirty-five hours, or anything like it. for all. Is it not, however, perfectly well known that May but those who have no such confidence will betray their duty But Dover is not the only place where the public interests is a wet month in Piedmont, and, knowing what was to be to their constituencies and their country if they do not in- have been sacrificed to electioneering jobbery. Again hear expected, might not Austria have waited for a more favourstantly take their measures to place the fortunes of the Sir James Graham: able season, and at the same time spared herself the obloquy

nation in safer hands. This is no time for trifling and At a cost of 240,0001. a-year of public money, intercourse is of a move putting her in the wrong in the opinion of the temporising, no time for jealousies, personal dislikes, and established between this country and America through the medium world? As it is, Austria has with curious infelicity incurred petty grudges. The vessel of the State is menaced with of the Cunard packets passing from Liverpool to North America; all the moral penalties of the first blow without any of the and there is further, at the expense of the American Government, a a storm that requires the best men at the helm. Who will system of packets between New York and Southampton, and any man military advantages. In fact, she is the sufferer, for while refuse to shake hands in order to join hands in this good work with the necessary means for the expense can pass from the States to her troops have been perishing from the weather, the Piedof duty and necessity? Are the greatest calamities to be England, and from England to the United States, with the certainty montese and the French have been quietly proceeding with

bethought themselves, at the instance of a valuable body of members

brought on this now happy and thriving land because this of the old mail coach, once in a fortnight. Now, Government their preparations and assembling their forces. Altogether man will not act with that man for some bygone reason of in the west of Ireland, that it would be desirable to add to this com- there is something absolutely ludicrous in the contrast pique or dissatisfaction? Will the desire to serve the country munication a communication by Galway, at a cost of 70,000l. a-year. between what was expected of Austria and her performances. in its difficulties and perils never prevail against these I say it would have been cheaper for the people of England to give Europe looked for the opening of a great tragedy, and it sees wretched resentments? And what are they compared with the Government 100,000%. capital to be expended in secret service a laughable farce. A great Power goes forth with all the money in buying up the Galway votes and debauching the voters the great occasion calling for their renouncement? See what rather than 70,000%. under contract for seven years. But they made pomp of war on a work of aggression, gets caught in the the country wants at this critical moment, and see with shame the contract, and the consequence has been that Mr Lever, the head rain, and the double-headed eagle becomes as incapable as what it is that stands between it and the supply of its wants. of the company, was returned at the head of the poll an avowed a wet fowl, to borrow the French phrase. The Emperor Haman's gibbet should be the lot of him who can be recon- supporter of Lord Derby. Francis Joseph is not like the Eastern Potentate, Lord of ciled to nothing while a Mordecai is in the gate. The Canadians complain bitterly that their interests are the Umbrellas. His Mars is not waterproof. The appeal to the country was against a vote of censure sacrificed in order to obtain for Lord Derby some two or The action of Austria may be likened to the runon the Government: the response is the election of a ma- three Irish votes, and the Toronto correspondent of the away knock, in which the London blackguards so much jority having no more confidence in the Ministry than its Daily News asks point blank, "Why, if the House of Com- delight. In answer to a thundering knock the door predecessors, but less, indeed, inasmuch as the dissolution, mons consents that Mr Lever and his Parliamentary is opened, and a fugitive is seen with hasty heels just without, as confessed, any expectation of a majority, is "friends shall be bribed, why should the line not make turning the corner. We are told there is a profound another proof of the first magnitude of the untrustworthi-" Quebec its terminus? Bribe your men without injuring meaning in all this, and that Austria has good reasons ness of the Government. The country has given judgment, us, is the modest and moderate request of our Canadian for all she has done and for all she has not done, it is for its representatives to carry the sentence into brethren. and that she will show her might all in good time. It may execution. The public has not been put to the pain, But Sir James Graham has not done. He has more be so. She may be like little Acres, who prays his second, trouble, and disturbance of this most inconvenient election shabby tricks and intrigues to bring to light, the worst of Sir Lucius, if he loves him, to let him bring down his man to let things remain as they were, a minority ruling, as all, perhaps, the lures to the ultra-Popish party: at a long shot. But it seems odd that Austria's haste was

66

Sir James Graham observes, and a majority tamely and I will go no further. I have given you three instances. Well, all to put herself in the wrong, and it is to be regretted that abjectly agreeing to its own subserviency. But to end now, it just occurs to me while speaking, that you will be aware the she did not reverse the parts, and show her backwardness as this anomaly and scandal there must be concord and disci-publicans at an election are a very influential body, extremely respects the violation of peace, and her forwardness, when desirous to consult the public; but they have always complained of pline in the Liberal camp, and so much party as is essential the small allowance for billeting soldiers-only three halfpence a-day. engaged, in striking at an unprepared enemy. Perhaps, to the success of any body of men having any common ob- At the very moment of the election, the War Department, by an act however, she is with a subtle policy teaching her foes the

LATEST EDITION.

dangerous, lesson to despise their enemy, or re-enacting the they are intended. The design in its theory is to discover and doors, and on the description, number, and arms of the asstratagem of the last of the Horatii; and certainly, when- the seeds of the military aptitudes, but the execution oversailants?] ever the Austrians fall back on their defensive chain of looks this altogether, and would seem to have no other Battle of the Metaurus, and Marlborough those of Blenheim and By the application of what general principle did C. Nero win the posts, tough work will the French have before them. An object but to display the examiner's intellectual hoards. Ramillies? State the remarkable similarity between the two Battles organ of the French Government has another view of the Suppose for a moment the tables turned, and the big-wig of the Metaurus and Ramillies. matter. The Pays says that Austria broke into Piedmont himself put to the question, what could he be well called on [Is it warrantable to assume that C. Nero even knew of this suponly to rob the larder, that she has levied exorbitant con- to do requiring more knowledge and mature reflection than to two battles, one of which was fought with fire-arms, and the other posed general principle? Can there be much similarity between these tributions of victuals, far exceeding the wants of the army, describe the British Constitution, its chief merits, peculiari- without; one by forcing a position behind a marshy rivulet, and the and transported the surplus into Lombardy. Certain it is ties, &c.? We should like to see it done by one of the other by overtaking a force in full retreat along the banks of a river, that the forced contributions have been most heavy and op- Board themselves in the compass of a sheet of paper. Or a and seeking in vain for a ford by which to cross and escape ?] pressive, and if the Austrians retire having done or at- resumé of the history of British India, for the fourth ques Let us conclude with recommending this subject to our tempted nothing else, it will look extremely like a piece of tion cited above amounts really to nothing less. Or to correspondent Caveto; nobody would better handle it, and Imperial brigandage on the largest scale. illustrate the caesura in the Greek metres from all the poets, in truth it is intimately connected with the defences of the The great question now is whether it will be possible to epic and tragic! What a judicious nut to give a schoolboy country, which stands more in need at present of soldiers confine the war to Italy, as fire is kept in a grate or a stove to crack! Nay, not even a schoolboy, but only a candidate than scholars, and riflemen than rhymers. without burning the house down. Germany is reported to for a schoolboyship, and in a school of arms into the be very inflammable; but let the Germans act as they may, bargain! The wide difference between being learned England must not be dragged into this bad quarrel. In and wise has never been more strongly impressed upon high places there is an Austrian party here ready to commit us than by the examination we have quoted, considering The acquittal of Mr Sickles was not an event to surprise the country to war whenever Germany may appear to be in what the examiners appear to have lost sight of entirely, anybody; nor was there anything in it calculated to call for any danger, but Germany can only run into danger by her the years of the candidates, their aim in life, and the whole a severer remark than that it was a verdict less in accord own misconduct, and must be left to the penalties of her scope of the system itself, which is certainly not to officer with law than with natural feeling, considering the circumrashness. The policy of England is not to be tied to the our army with pedants and bookworms. We should much stances of the crime and the usual composition of juries. impolicy of another people, so as to be dragged headlong like to know how these examiners are themselves appointed. The proper verdict would, undoubtedly, have been guilty, after it into the crime and miseries of war. It is too com- It must surely be by the same competitive process, the which might with equal propriety have been accompanied monly said, if the war should extend it will be difficult for us amount of their information so far surpasses the solidity of with the strongest possible recommendation to mercy, to keep out of it. Difficult as it may be, it is a duty to be their judgment. founded on the provocation to the murder. Manslaughter observed, but neutrality will not be safe unless the country We come next to the examination of those candidates for was out of the question, but not more so than the conclusion looks to it, and puts a peremptory veto upon departure from Commissions who have passed through the military school. to which the jury came, or rather the opinion they proit upon any pretext. It is for the nation to lay its com- It is obviously taken for granted that those ripe wits under nounced, that the act was one of insanity, there not being mandment on its Government-Thou shalt not war. eighteen have been well grounded in the depths of abstract a tittle of evidence to establish such a plea beyond the deed political philosophy, since we find the following, among itself which was to be excused by it.

RIFLE CORPS.

OUR INSTITUTIONS IN AMERICA.

other similar questions propounded to them-"State the However, as we have already said, we are not disposed "three heads under which the constitution of a country to quarrel with the result, which might have taken place People are graciously permitted to prepare themselves for may be considered, and describe the political constitu- on this side of the Atlantic as well as on the other. the defence of their country in Volunteer Corps, under "tion!" It is also demanded of them-" What is meant English juries have done many stranger things, but on certain conditions set forth in a despatch from the War by the external life of a nation? What by the internal?" the other hand we trust the day is far distant when an Office to the Lieutenants of Counties. It is evidently the Could we answer ourselves? We are diffident enough to English court of justice will exhibit the phenomena which design of the War Minister to avail himself as little as doubt it. The external life is perhaps the army and navy; the court of New York presented on the termination of Mr possible of the present wish for the formation of Rifle Corps. the internal the police. If anybody calls this ridiculous, Sickles' trial. The incidents that followed the announceHere are two conditions which will restrict the volunteering we reply that the absurdity of no possible answer can match ment of the verdict afford materials for as grotesque and as very considerably: the absurdity of the question. ugly a picture of American society as has yet been drawn. Of the questions "proposed to candidates for Direct The violation of all professional decorum by the prisoner's Commission," or boys who have not passed through Sand-counsel, the licentious conduct of the audience, the monhurst, a single specimen will be quite enough. These strous behaviour of the jury themselves, the ferocious youths are presumed to have fathomed the mysteries of the demonstrations of joy by the public out of doors, all together cæsura, and to be so perfect in the Greek metres as to be made a scene which has painfully affected all who like nothing less than Greek bards themselves. They are ourselves feel a deep interest in American civilisation, and required, incredible as it may seem, to translate the following watch with anxiety the working of institutions identical passage into Greek Iambics!

That its members undertake to provide their own arms and equip

ments, and to defray all expenses attending the corps, except in the

event of its being assembled for actual service.

The uniform and equipments of the corps may be settled by the members, subject to your approval; but the arms, though provided at the expense of the members, must be furnished under the superintendence and according to the regulations of this department, in order to secure a perfect uniformity of gauge.

It is quite right that the arms should be of one sort, and that the rifle, though for this there is no stipulation; but in order to secure the uniformity, and also to put the weapons. into the greatest number of hands, they ought to be presented either gratuitously or at the cost price, for many a man in humble circumstances cannot afford to pay for a rifle and the equipments pertaining to it.

It is proposed to pay the Volunteers when called out at the same rate as regulars. It would be much better to dispense with this provision, and in lieu of it to substitute the offering of the arms as a gift, or at the cost price, or as lent, and to be restored if required. In the only event that could warrant calling out the Volunteers for active service, invasion, every man would be ready enough to take the field without thinking of pay, while for the commencement of the organisation the cost of arms and equipment will be a serious obstacle to many thousands who have not the spare means for the necessary outlay.

Madam, an hour before the worshipped Sun
Peered forth the golden window of the East,
A troubled mind drove me to walk abroad;
When, underneath the grove of sycamores,
That westward rooteth from this city's side,
So early walking did I see your son;
Towards him I made, but he was 'ware of me,
And stole into the covert of the wood.
I, measuring his affections by my own,
That most are busied when they are most alone,
Pursued my humour, not pursuing his,

with our own. Mr Sickles was indeed an object of pity, but was he an object of admiring sympathy even in its calmest forms? He had sustained a grievous, but a common wrong, and he had avenged himself with a sanguinary brutality without many parallels even in a land where deeds of violence and blood are too familiar. What was there about him of the hero, or about his crime to ennoble it? It was a mere act of revenge, distinguished from the atrocities of its class by its unusual ferocity; it was not even done in the tornado of passion, but with the coolest forethought and And gladly shunned who gladly fled from me. preparation, without affording his victim the slightest opporHere is a specimen of a military exercise! We want tunity or chance of defence. Apart from the circumstances young men who will mount the breach, and we educate that deprive the murdered of all claim to our compassion, them to scale the "Gradus ad Parnassum." a more cowardly butchery was never perpetrated. And the Again we must crave leave to recal things to the first acquittal of such a man as this was received with an outintention. What is the object? Is it to produce bad Greek burst of glee that has rarely in any age or country greeted poets, or good British officers? Was this the way in which the escape of persecuted patriotism, or the most immaculate the Greeks themselves trained their warriors? Was this probity from the like risks. We have certainly heard or the schooling of the Macedonian phalanx? Has this Etonian read of no public virtue in peace, or glory in arms, machinery been introduced into the army with a deliberate that was ever honoured in the United States with a THE EXAMINATION SYSTEM IN THE ARMY. conviction that our troops will fight better than they ever triumph comparable with that of Mr Sickles. The fought before, if we place them under the command of verdict was received, says the narrator of the event, In our remarks last week on the manning of the navy, Lieutenant Porson, or Captain Syntax? If so, we have with a "loud, wild, thrilling, tumultuous burrah," with we alluded to the difficulty which is beginning to be felt of obtaining the requisite supply of junior officers, owing to the nothing to do but to combat the idea of the system; if waving of hats and handkerchiefs, and a general hubbub deterring effects of the examination process, overstrained as not, we cannot too strongly protest against its mode of of delight which the judge and the officers of the court in working. vain endeavoured to repress. The counsel for the pri it is in practice. The same preposterous mistake is comAnd it is well worthy of remark that the Thebans of the soner formally thanked the jury, an indecency, perhaps, not mitted in the land service, and, it may be safely presumed, Horse Guards (for such Grecians must be from Boeotia) are unprecedented in New York, but, we believe, without example with the same or analogous bad results. There is now before introducing these follies into military instruction just at a in the judicial records of England. Our judges are in the habit us a short pamphlet by Major-General Lord De Ros, containmoment when our civil education has well nigh exploded of rebuking sternly the slightest manifestation of popular ing some judicious observations on this point, illustrated by them altogether. It is happily observed by the Globe that applause intended for themselves, and here we have a memspecimens of the Army Examination papers of last DeWhile academical authorities have the good sense to feel, and to ber of the bar in the presence of the bench committing the cember, a few extracts from which will satisfy any reader of act on the feeling (witness the late rifle meeting at Cambridge), that same, nay, a grosser indecency. After thanking the jury common sense either that the system itself is wrong, or that Greek, Latin, and mathematics will be no substitute for the staple it was quite in keeping to excite the mob, which was Mr it is grossly abused in the working. commodity of the backwoods, in case any sudden "stress of politics" The first list of questions we find quoted is taken from bring it in demand in our tight little island-while they are encou- Stanton's next exploit in that splendid bit of American forenthe examination of candidates for admission to the Royal raging, and most wisely encouraging, the elite of our youth under sic eloquence, "Now go it!" The details of the scene that Military College, Sandhurst. The reader is to remember that severe than they voluntarily practise for mere amusement, and the he left the dock, was deluged with congratulations, strangled their charge to fit themselves by preparatory exercises (much less followed must be read to be appreciated. Mr Sickles, as the examinees in this case are fledglings of fifteen or six-somewhat barren laurels of a boat-race or cricket match) for taking with embraces, nay, by one individual, scarcely more raptuteen, not competing for commissions, but merely for admis- their part in the first duty of Englishmen-the defence of Englandsion into the seminary, where they are to be prepared for our military and naval authorities would seem to have been exactly rous than the rest, he was in danger of being kissed to commissions. Keeping this in view, the propriety and reversing the rôle to have been expected from good sense on their death. He had not run half so much hazard of his life in part, viewing the main scope and real requirements of those services. the hands of justice. As he passed the jury box, the jury reasonableness of the following list of questions may be left While the universities are turning out riflemen, the united services to speak for themselves: f are threatening to turn out pedants-or to keep out of the military and rushed forward to salute him, and were honoured in return Describe the English Constitution, pointing out its chief merits and naval professions all who have not the acquirements to which pedants with the personal expressions of his gratitude. At the door of the court the applause was taken up by the multitude Military affairs are certainly not entirely neglected in the outside; the conquering hero was called on to make a examinations from which Lord De Ros takes his examples; speech, an effort was made to extemporise a triumphal car, but the military questions are not of a nature to reinstate and when night came on, the charms of music were called in the examiners in our good opinion. We shall give only two, to delight the spirit of the acquitted homicide. with his lordship's comments on them: hausted Sickles declined the tribute of a serenade, which How may a two-storied thatched house be placed in a state of de- was not, however, thrown away, for it was accepted by his fence? and what number of men are usually allotted to the defence counsel and by the jury! These are astounding traits of manof each story? [Is it meant that this house can only be defended in one way?ners, are they not? A serenaded jury! How very curious is Must not the number of men entirely depend on the size of the house, the mixture of romance and ruffianism through the whole of on the nature and security of its walls, on the number of its windows the proceedings !

peculiarities!

What is meant by rough breathing in reference to English grammar?

What is meant by the expression Great Revolution Families? What territories were formerly in possession of the Mogul-the Peishwah-the Nizam-the Nabob of Arcot? Is the power of those princes diminished or taken away? And if so, by what events? Illustrate the casura in heroic and Iambic metre by quotations from Homer and the Tragic Poets!!

The public ought to be informed by some return who the sage examiners are that frame such questions for the merest boys, to say nothing of the special pursuit for which

attach exclusive value.

The ex

The original report in the American papers contains are also told how the potion worked with the unworthy The object of this paper is to exhibit how the Nation may obtain twenty other incidents scarcely less marvellous than Catholic gentry of the shire, men who never deserved the at any moment the greatest possible number of the best sailors for those already selected. There was the scene in the par- liberties of which they make so base and ungrateful a use. Sir manning the navy. A sailor is a skilled operative, who has acquired his skill at his lour at the National Hotel, where Mr Sickles retired with Robert Gerard and Sir Humphrey de Trafford, with their own expense, and who works for wages in his own calling. The the jury who had just tried him. There was weeping again tenantries at their backs, supported the Derbyite candidates. nation, when it requires his service, must offer him the same rate of there; the gaoler himself wept; another gentleman" cried Captain Anderton plumped for Mr Legh. Mrs Stapleton's wages which he would be able to command in the service of the merchant;-and as the service which the nation requires him to per"like a child ;" an orange merchant laid a box of oranges tenantry, who always went with the Liberals before upon form will expose him to peculiar risks and hardships, it is idle to exat the feet of the victor; and, of course, among the rest was this occasion, went with the Tories. The letter contains many pect that he will consent to undergo them unless the nation will our Irish friend, Mr Meagher," of the Sword," going about more facts, which we would quote if we had space. The either pay him higher wages than he can obtain in the merchant serclapping people on the back, and demanding" if it were correspondent, however, who calls our attention to it states vice, or offer him an additional pecuniary inducement. Owing to the manner in which the nation has hitherto treated "not glorious!" There was also one of the jury who had a that the Catholics of South Lancashire were not all the sailors as a class, it has inspired them with the strongest traditional fiddle, having brought it with him to the jury-box to be- slaves of my Lord Cardinal and dupes of my Lord Derby. aversion to its service. None of the present generation of sailors have guile the tedious nights during which the mockery of a Several electors of that persuasion, and some of the oldest felt the operation of impressment, but they have all heard of it, and trial had lasted. We do not know whether American juries Catholic families, expressed the greatest indignation at the they have observed that whenever the subject of manning the navy is discussed, there is always some intimation that it is desirable to are indulged with meat and drink while engaged in their conduct of their clergy, and voted in their teeth for Liberal hold this detestable instrument in reserve. If you would have an functions; but it seems that they are indulged in music, candidates. We have also letters from Nottingham and Bos-effective plan for manning the navy you must begin by conspicuously and the fiddle, probably, leads to a country dance or a jig ton revealing similar foul practices to influence the Roman abrogating this tyrannical privilege, and follow it up by abrogating occasionally. There is some touch of humanity in this, at Catholics of those districts, with the same general result, and whatever should ever be inflicted, except on virtue of a sentence of an the practice of arbitrary punishment in the navy. No punishment all events, the spirit of which, at least, might be transferred similar honourable exceptions in the conduct of individuals. authority constituted to try whether the alleged delinquent deinto our English practice with advantage. In Ireland, of course, the game was played much more exten- serves it. But all this is food for serious reflection, and suggests sively in proportion to the greater profits to be realised. more speculations, both as to causes and consequences, than We find a no less eminent Catholic gentleman than Mr More we are now at leisure to enter into. The facts of this O'Ferrall (whose return to Parliament we observe with the extraordinary case disclose many grounds of apprehension greatest pleasure) pointedly alluding on the hustings of both for society and its most important bulwarks. It is Kildare the profligate endeavours of traitors of his own perIn order to control and sway any class of men it is always neceshard to say to what still more extravagant and dangerous suasion to decoy Catholic electors into Lord Derby's nets: sary to ascertain how their general feelings as men are affected by the particular vocation they follow, and by its accompanying circumlengths a populace might not be carried by such an excesIt was his (Mr O'Ferrall's) conviction that if the Catholics of stances. The English sailors amount, I believe, to about 250,000, and sive excitability, overwhelming the calmer faculties alto- Ireland knew or believed that an attempt was made through persons they are scattered all over the world in the way of their employment. gether. We cannot regard, without some degree of horror, professing their religion to overturn all their interests and defeat Nothing binds them to their country but the recollection of their the deplorable admiration, almost amounting to idolatry, of their best hopes, not one man acting in that way would be safe in wives, children, mothers, sisters, and mistresses; and their separabrute force in its most passionate and savage exhibitions. and real welfare of the country, but for the credit of the religion to affections, notoriously causes them to be more amenable to the influappearing upon any hustings in the country. Not only for the peace tion for long periods of time from these, the natural objects of their There are many other moral aspects in which we might which he belonged, he deeply and sincerely deplored that such a ence of their female relationships than any other class of men whatconsider the events of Mr Sickles' trial, but perhaps, upon the course had been adopted, and if persevered in it would end disastrously. ever. It is upon this peculiar feature of their character as a class whole, we shall not be wrong in concluding that the worst He the more sincerely deplored it, if statements which he had heard that I propose to act. I propose to put every one of them in such a were true, that that course had been instigated by persons of high condition that he shall be able to confer a great and a continuing indication of all which it affords is the striking absence of position-persons who, above all others, should be the last to do obligation on those that are dearest to him, if he thinks fit. the instincts of decorum, the sense of public duty, and the anything that would breed ill-feeling and ill-will among men. feelings of self-respect, not to say in the behaviour of a Whether the rumours which he had heard were ill-founded he could rabble, but in the conduct of men who ought to be examples not say, and being unable to state them as facts he abstained from to others of all the proprieties,-lawyers capable of applaud- he might be, who could take a course so injurious. speaking as he otherwise would of any individual, however elevated ing and thanking sworn jurors for their verdict, and jurors who did not receive such applause as the grossest insult.

THE FOOL-MAKER.

That one fool makes many is an old saying, but for one fool to make so many as 1,148 fools is, indeed, surprising; and this astonishing feat has been accomplished by one Mr Haig in Middlesex. We thought this Mr Haig had done wonders in fool-making when he had found one man silly enough to propose, and another noodle enough to second him, but that beyond that he could find 1,148 to vote for him is a marvel. All that we are told of this Mr Haig is, that he is the father of a numerous family, and certainly for propagating his own likeness in folly he seems to be without an equal.

Mr Cogan, too, the other Liberal candidate, for the same county, and also a Roman Catholic, denounced in the most energetic manner the same unnatural and dishonest com

bination :

When these two preliminary conditions shall be complied with, the way to the hearts of British sailors will be straight and open, and by the method I am about to propose the nation may procure as many as it wants, at a few days' notice, burning with desire to raise its flag over every other in every part of the globe.

The soldier is a much more costly labourer than the sailor. To the soldier you must, in the first instance, impart his skill and maintain him during the process; you must then maintain him for years at an expense of 307. per annum; and you really obtain no return for this outlay until you have need of his services against an enemy. and he costs you nothing in maintaining himself in his fitness for the The sailor, on the contrary, costs you nothing in acquiring his skill, national service, for this he fully achieves by merely following his proper calling, and thus preserving himself in the highest state of discipline and efficiency.

I propose, therefore, after the preliminary abolition of impressment There seemed to be a strange and unnatural alliance between some and the institution of a just and reasonable method for inflicting men who called themselves Liberals, and who had gone into parlia- necessary punishment, to proclaim that every able-bodied sailor, ment by the honest votes of honest Liberals, and the Derby ministry. between the ages of eighteen and forty, who will engage, wherever From that hustings he proclaimed that that would never be the and whenever called upon, to serve in the navy for three years, at the they would always be found voting against the Tories whenever they receive 21. 128. per annum, with the privilege of assigning the whole course of the representatives of Kildare, and that, as honest Liberals, rate of wages prevailing at the time in the merchant service, shall had an opportunity-that they would never, on the one side, proclaim or any part of it to whomever he pleases, upon the sole condition of liberty, and, on the other, support an ascendancy faction. The hon. following his profession in any mercantile or naval service (English gentleman read passages in which Lord Derby stated that "the or foreign, as he may like), and just as he has been doing before. Papal States are the plague spot of Italy," and that "the Roman There is not one sailor who will not, upon this proclamation, be Catholic religion was religiously corrupt and politically dangerous." solicited by his female connections to make this engagement; and in Was that the man that the Catholics of England should select as the the course of a very short time every one will have entered into it, champion of their rights, and were they, on such a ground as he had and be spontaneously keeping up his own efficiency to perform it. mentioned, to import into Ireland English Tory Catholics, and ask Wherever he may be, whether in the East or West, the North or He it was who proposed Lord Stanley for Marylebone, denounced such a policy, and told them that they would send back exertions, through the generosity of his country, and he will be bound the Liberal people of Ireland to elect them? From the hustings he South, he will feel that those he has left behind are benefiting by his and to make him member for that borough against his will. with ignominy any English Catholic who came with the cry of to it not merely by feelings of pride as an Englishman, but by gratiHe would doubtless, too, have put Lord Stanley in nomina-"Catholic" on his lip at one side, and "support of Lord Derby" at tude as a son, and the whole class of these wandering beings will be tion for Middlesex, if the thing had been possible after the the other. He cared not that the candidate had a Cardinal's letter in ever turning their thoughts to England, and be attached to it by one pocket if he had the money of the Carlton Club in the other. Marylebone attempt; but next to Lord Stanley he thought himself the fittest man to represent a great, wealthy, and Our readers will observe in the electioneering pastoral of I have been reflecting for years upon this plan. I formed it after intelligent constituency, and to go to the support of the Bishop Goss, quoted above, that his lordship calls upon of New York, Boston, and Philadelphia, and on board of vessels in careful examination of the nautical character and habits on the quays present wise counsellors of the Queen, as he is kind enough Roman Catholics to support the present Government on the the interior waters of America, as well as on the Atlantic. Your to call them. The Premier must surely be grateful for this ground of "its intentions to make all reasonable concessions space will not allow me to enter into details, but I will shortly indiadmiration, and touched by his humble follower's zeal, and in regard to spiritual aid to the Catholic inmates of gaols cate the machinery for carrying it out, and point out one most impordoubtless we shall see Mr Haig placed in some snug legal " and workhouses.” Upon this point our excellent tant and beneficial consequence that will flow from its adoption. A Registrar must be appointed in London, with power to appoint appointment. cotemporary, the Dublin Evening Post, has seasonably re-agents in the principal ports of England and Scotland, who will be called to public recollection (in great need of being so re- paid. In the smaller ports, clergymen, boards of guardians, magiefreshed) the conduet of this very Ministry upon this very trates, will supply a cheaper agency. Any sailor applying to them will be admitted; his name, age, domicile, and the question when they were first in office in 1854 : person to whom he may-if he should choose so to do-assign his pension, will be registered and forwarded to the registrar in London; he himself will be merely required to report himself to the English consul in whatever port he may be.

Mr Haig has not even the merit of having carried on his ridiculous contest in an honest way. His principal Westminster Committee placarded for him sixteen hundred votes and upwards, placing him in a majority over Mr Byng. This dirty trick was of course to discourage libéral electors, and make them believe it useless to take any trouble for the candidates of their party, so much distanced at starting, and it was to produce the opposite effect on the Tories. Mr Haig has the knack of multiplication in more respects than offspring and making fools.

an indissoluble bond.

In the House of Commons, June 12, 1854, in Committee of Supply on the Civil Service estimates, on the sum of 371,9831. being proposed for the maintenance of Government prisons, Mr Spooner asked for an explanation of an item of 5507. under the head of special The Registrar will table in alphabetical order the names, &c., &c., service provision for Roman Catholic priests, and was replied to by transmitted to him-have them printed twice a-year, transmit the Lord Palmerston, who remarked that "he supposed the honourable books to every foreign consul, to every ship in commission, and to gentleman wished to know why Roman Catholic priests were allowed the agents at all the ports, and knowing how many sailors may be to attend prisoners." Mr Spooner then moved that the vote be re- commanded at every port or place, will be enabled in the shortest duced by 550%, expressing his surprise that a Minister of the Crown space of time possible to provide the number requisite for manning should ask them to pay for an instruction in a religion which the ship after ship. Sovereign had declared, by her assent to the thirty-nine articles, an idolatrous faith and a dangerous deceit." Mr Adderley approved of the amendment; Sir John Pakington spoke against the proposed vote. On a division there appeared-for Spooner's amendment, 158; against it, 136.

The important consequence which attaches to this scheme results from its obviating all grounds of quarrel between England and the United States on the score of search for sailors. The American mercantile marine consists almost entirely of English sailors. Under the scheme that I propose all these men will enter American employ with the reserve that they are liable to serve for three years whenever called upon, and that, in order to secure their English relatives in the certain enjoyment of the half-yearly pension, they must report themselves to the English consul in whatever port they may enter. Suppose, therefore, an English frigate in want of a few hands to arrive in the port of Pernambuco or Canton, the captain would send sailors on board different ships that their services were required. to the English consul, who would give notice to certain covenanted The American captains would have neither power nor authority to

LORD DERBY'S INTRIGUES WITH ROME. We have received a swarm of communications, not only from Ireland, but from various parts of England, especially from Lancashire, corroborating what we said in previous In the list of that bigoted and intolerant majority are to articles upon this unholy alliance, and adding considerably be found the names of D'Israeli, Pakington, Spencer Walto our information on the subject. There is not a doubt pole, Whiteside, Colonel Taylor, Mr Whitmore, the whipperthat the Conservative triumph in South Lancashire was in of the party, John George, their Irish Solicitor-Genera', due in a great measure to the shameful intrigues of the &c. With this list before us we know not which most to Government with the Roman Catholic clergy of that county. admire, the consummate impudence of these men in now A letter in the Liverpool Journal of last Saturday, ad- feigning the most enlightened liberality, or the miserable dressed to the Right Rev. Dr Goss, Popish Bishop of Liver-folly and baseness of those Catholics who either believe their prevent their men from shipping themselves on board the English pool, quotes the following circular issued by that prelate to professions, or accept their bribes. priests of his diocese:

vessel.

I have sent the plan, of which I have now sketched an outline, on two occasions to the Admiralty, and I sent it again last July to the Commission, whose report has just been published. I was amazed to see that in the patchwork of recommendations which they laid before the nation, they had adopted, and entirely misunderstood, the

idea of the retaining fee, as far as might regard a few thousand men. This, in their plan, is so contrived as not to be an appeal to their better and nobler feelings; it is reduced to the character of a mere pecuniary douceur or bounty by anticipation. The effects of my scheme on the character of the sailor would be permanent and elevating; it will give him, from the moment he enters, the status of a servant and defender of the nation.

J. W. C.

practical perception of what is needful in nautical matters to which of the French Institute, department of the Academy of Sciences, in

Campden appeared in Lancashire fortified with letters both
from the English Cardinal and the English Minister. We no other public journal can pretend.

Professor Owen has been elected one of the eight foreign associates place of the great botanist, Robert Brown.