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CONTENTS
HOMER
.
12
20
21
22
THE HOMERIC QUESTION AND THE HOMERIC THE-
OLOGY
1-63
Characterizations of the Homeric poems .
3
The critical, or disintegrating, theory.
5
Reaction in favor of the unity
6
Painting in the background
8
Development of plot .
Minor proofs of common authorship
Unity of the “Iliad”.
13
Unity of the “Odyssey'
16
Judgment of recent investigators .
The poems were probably written
Testimony of Abou Symbel .
Antiquity of Greek letters.
Recent evidence from Egypt
25
Were the Greeks a dull people?
27
Composition and transmission possible without writing 28
Later feats of memory'
30
The evolutionary theory
31
There was a hearing public
Homer had his theology
34
Undertone of monotheism
36
Zeus a magnified man
37
Relation of Zeus to fate.
39
The gods are not holy
40
They instigate iniquity
41
Origin of this conception
42
Homer's doctrine of sin
44
Sin is deception
No deep penitence in Homer
a
46
67
68
Virgil's place in history .
The poet a product of his time
His early surroundings
His personal traits .
The education of the poet .
Preēminently a literary artist
His relation to earlier Latin poetry.
The greatest of imitators
Progress in his work . .
The “Eclogues” of Virgil
The “Georgics" of Virgil
His ideas of nature and of government
The “ Æneid” of Virgil
His journey to Greece and his death
Virgil compared with Homer
Artistic rather than spontaneous
The last half of the “ Æneid”
Virgil's special merits
The apotheosis of Augustus .
Virgil a precursor of modern civilization
Virgil's theological ideas
The soul holds a higher place than in Homer
Virgil a prophet of Christianity
Sources of his predictions .
Wide influence of Virgil's poetry
69
71
72
73
74
75
77
79
80
81
82
83
85
87
89
90
91
93
94
95
· 97
III
I21
A summer study of Dante
107
Dante's birth and education .
108
Dante and Beatrice
109
Preparation for the “Divine Comedy”
Dante in exile ...
113
The “ Divine Comedy" another “ Pilgrim's Progress”. 115
Expresses Dante's philosophy of civil society
117
Expresses his ideas of man's relations to God
119
An interpretation of all known truth
Dante's scheme of the universe
Dante's verse and its influence
124
The entrance the hell
125
The hell of incontinence
128
The hell of bestiality.
129
The hell of malice .
130
Lessons of the “Inferno"
132
Sin is essentially vile and contemptible
Sin is self-perversion of the will.
133
Penalty is not external to the sinner
134
From hell to purgatory
The seven capital sins
138
The seven terraces of the mount.
139
Lessons of the “ Purgatorio
142
Purgatory is not so much a place as a process
Unwarrantably extends purification after death . 143
Regards the process of purification as a penal one
The nine spheres of the “ Paradiso”.
144
The rose of the blessed . ..
148
Light and love constitute Dante's heaven.
151
To Dante the spiritual world was the real world 154
136
143
SHAKESPEARE
THE UNIVERSALITY OF SHAKESPEARE
157-220
. 159
160
. 162
163
164
. 167
168
169
171
173
175
178
181
183
185
186
187
191
193
195
197
198
Mysterious largeness of Shakespeare .
The function of imagination .
True art is creative . .
Poetry an expression of the universal .
Dramatic poetry the highest form of art
More of truth in poetry than in prose .
The abnormal use of imagination
Universality involves impersonality.
Shakespeare partly the product of his time
Nature as well as nurture ..
A youth not wild and dissolute
The first two periods of his productive activity
The last two periods of his productive activity.
Did Shakespeare appreciate his own genius?
Concessions to the tastes of the vulgar
Meaning of the word universality
Character manifested .
Character developed .
Ethical and religious ideas
Neither naturalistic nor agnostic
Man's freedom and responsibility
Crime is not the mere result of ignorance
Personal sins and hereditary sinfulness
Responsibility for inborn depravity
(Conscience predicts retribution
Not only in the next world, but in this
The only real quittance is the work of Christ
Shakespeare a witness to Christianity .
A creator of imagery as well as of character .
The poetic diction of Shakespeare
The limitations of Shakespeare
The greatest poet of secular humanity
200
202
203
205
. 208
209
211
214
217
MILTON
THE POET OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION 221–277
Shakespeare and Milton
223
The Miltonic sublimity
224
Intense personality of Milton's poetry.
226
Its austere purity
. 226
Its immense erudition .
228
Its religious faith
229
Preparation of practical life .
231
Milton's parentage and training
233
He takes part in the struggle for liberty .
234
His pamphlets, their eloquence and their bitterness 235
His fierceness of denunciation
236
His infelicitous marriage
. 239
His “Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce"
241
He loses his sight
242
Blindness shuts him in to the supernatural
245
Scheme of the universe in the “ Paradise Lost”
246
Temptation and fall of our first parents .
249
The Paradise Regained ”
252
Can the highest poetry be didactic ?
253
Must poetry conform to correct science ?
255
Milton's “Treatise of Christian Doctrine"
257
The Scriptures an infallible divine revelation .
258
An Arminian doctrine of divine decrees
259
An Arian doctrine of the person of Christ
A Monistic doctrine of creation
263
A Traducian doctrine of the origin of the soul 264
An orthodox doctrine of anthropology and soteriology 265
A doctrine of soul-sleeping in eschatology
266
A Baptist doctrine of the church and the ordinances . 269
A final Quaker element in his religion
270
Influence of Roger Williams upon Milton
271
What is the essence of Protestantism ?
273
Milton shows the creative power of true religion .. 276
260
GOETHE
279-331
THE POET OF PANTHEISM .
Luther and Goethe compared .
Goethe the literary emancipator of Germany
Cosmopolitan Frankfort, and Goethe's parents
Attractiveness of young Goethe
Goethe incapable of true love .