of the coast, and they are marked "Insulæ Corterealis." It carries back the geographical views more than half a century. In the Molineaux globe of 1592,1 preserved in London, we find a small rudimentary ' lake, which seems to be the beginning of the cartographical history of the great inland seas, a germ expanded in his map of 16002 into his large "Lacke of Tadenac." Meanwhile Peter Plancius embodied current knowledge in his well-known map of the world. So far as the St. Lawrence Valley goes, it was not much different from the type which Ortelius had established in 1570. Blundeville, in his Exercises (1622, p. 523), describing Plancius' map, speaks of it as "lately put forth in the yeere of our Lord 1592 ; " but in the Dutch edition of Linschoten in 1596 it is ww inscribed: Orbis terra rum . . . auctore Petro MARTINES, 1578. 1599; but in this plate it is not credited to Plancius. The map which took its place in the English Linschoten, edited by Wolfe, in 1598, was the same recut Ortelius map which 1 Given in Vol. III. p. 213. 2 Given in Vol. III. p. 216, and in this volanie on a later page. VOL. IV. —13. ་ Hakluyt had used in his 1589 edition. This was the work of Arnoldus Florentius à In the map, "Americæ pars borealis, Florida, Baccalaos, Canada, Corterealis, a Cornelio de Judæis in lucem edita, 1593," which appeared in that year in his Speculum orbis terrarum, Mercator and Ortelius seem to be the source of much of its Arctic geography ; but its Lake Conibas, with its fresh water, records very likely some Indian story of the Great Lakes lying away up the Ottawa,— which is presumably the river rising in the Saguenay country. A legend on the map says that its fresh water is of an extent unknown to the Canadians, who are, as another legend says, the nations filling up the country from Baccalaos to Florida. It will be observed that to the northwest the Zeno map 2 has been made tributary, while one name, “Golfo quarré," is not in the place usually given to it, since it is generally the alternative name of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The nomenclature of the coast from Cape Breton south follows the Spanish names; and though Virginia is recognized by name, there is no indication of the new geography of that region.3 De Bry in 1596 added little that was new; and much the same may be said of the maps in the edition of Ptolemy published at Cologne in 1597, and numbered 2, 29, 34, and 35.1 New France is also shown in the "Nova Francia et Canada, 1597," which is no. 18 of the series of maps in Wytfliet's Continuation of Ptolemy. Others in the same work show contiguous regions : No. 15. of it. No. 17. No. 19. “Conibas regio cum vicinis gentibus," - Hudson's Bay and the region south "Norumbega et Virginia," from 37° to 47° north latitude. “Estotilandia et Laboratoris,” — Labrador and Greenland, mixed with the Zeni geography. The map by Mathias Quaden, or Quadus, in the Geographisches Handbuch, was published at Cologne in 1600, bearing the title, "Novi orbis pars borealis." The northeastern parts seem to be based on Mercator and Ortelius. A marginal note at In this enumeration of the maps showing the Gulf and River St. Lawrence down to the close of the seventeenth century, by no means all of the reduplications have been mentioned; but enough has been indicated to trace the somewhat unstable development of hydrographical knowledge in this part of North America. Most interesting, among the maps of the latter part of the century which have been omitted, are, perhaps, the Erdglobus of Philip Apian (1576), given in Wieser, Magalhães-Strasse, p. 72; the mappemonde in Cellarius' Speculum orbis terrarum (Antwerp, 1578); the map of the world in Apian's Cosmographie augmentée, par Gemma Frison (Antwerp, 1581, 1584, and the Dutch edition of 1598); the map of the world by A. Millo (1582), as noted in the British Museum Manuscripts, no. 27,470; that in the Relationi universali di Giovanni Botero, 1 Cf. the map of New France published at this time at Cologne in the Beschreibung von America, -a translation of Acosta. See Vol. |