Sect. 2. He shall, from time to time, give information to the legislature of the state of the union. He may recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient. He may convene them on extraordinary occasions. In case of disagreement between the two houses, with regard to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he thinks proper. He shall take care that the laws of the United States be duly and faithfully executed. He shall commission all the officers of the United States; and shall appoint officers in all cases not otherwise provided for by this constitution. He shall receive ambassadors, and may correspend with the supreme executives of the several states. He shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons; but his pardon shall not be pleadable in bar of an impeachment. He shall be commander in chief of the army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several states. He shall, at stated times, receive for his services à compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during his continuance in office. Before he shall enter on the duties of his department, he shall take the following oath or affirmation: "I 46 solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute "the office of president of the United States of America." He shall be removed from his office on impeachment by the house of representatives, and conviction in the supreme court, of treason, bribery, or corruption. In case of his removal as aforesaid, death, resignation, or disability to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the president of the senate shall exercise those powers and duties until another president of the United States be chosen, or until the disability of the president be removed.

ARTICLE XI.

Sect. 1. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one supreme court, and in such inferior

courts as shall, when necessary, from time to time, be constituted by the legislature of the United States.

Sect. 2. The judges of the supreme court, and of the inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour. They shall, at stated times, receive for their services a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.

Sect. 3. The jurisdiction of the supreme court shall extend to all cases arising under laws passed by the legislature of the United States; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls; to the trial of impeachments of officers of the United States; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies between two or more states (except such as shall regard territory or jurisdiction ;) between a state and citizens of another state; between citizens of different states; and between a state or the citizens thereof, and foreign states, citizens and subjects. In cases of impeachment, cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be party, this jurisdiction shall be original. In all the other cases before mentioned, it shall be appellate, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the legislature shall make. The legislature may assign any part of the jurisdiction above mentioned (except the trial of the president of the United States) in the manner, and under the limitations, which it shall think proper, to such inferior courts as it shall constitute from time to time.

Sect. 4. The trial of all criminal offences (except in cases of impeachments) shall be in the state where they shall be committed; and shall be by jury.

Sect. 5. Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend farther than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit, under the United States. But the party convict

ed shall, nevertheless, be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment, according to law.

ARTICLE XII.

No state shall coin money; nor grant letters of marqué and reprisal: nor enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation: nor grant any title of nobility.

ARTICLE XIII.

No state, without the consent of the legislature of the United States, shall emit bills of credit, or make any thing but specie a tender in payment of debts: lay impost or duties on imports: nor keep troops or ships of war in time of peace: nor enter into any agreement or compact with another state, or with any foreign power: nor engage in any war, unless it shall be actually invaded by enemies, or the danger of invasion be so imminent as not to admit of a delay until the legislature of the United States can be consulted.

ARTICLE XIV.

The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states.

ARTICLE XV.

Any person charged with treason, felony, or high misdemeanor, in any state, who shall flee from justice, and shall be found in any other state, shall, on demand of the executive power of the state from which he fled, be delivered up and removed to the state having jurisdiction of the offence.

ARTICLE XVI.

Full faith shall be given in each state to the acts of the legislatures, and to the records and judicial proceedings of the courts and magistrates of every other state.

ARTICLE XVII.

New states, lawfully constituted or established within the limits of the United States, may be admitted by the legislature into this government; but to such admission the consent of two thirds of the members present in each house shall be necessary. If a new state shall arise within the limits of any of the present states, the consent of the legislatures of such states shall be also necessary to its admission. If the admission be consented to, the new states shall be admitted on the same terms with the original states. But the legislature may make conditions with the new states concerning the public debt, which shall be then subsisting.

ARTICLE XVIII.

The United States shall guarantee to each state a republican form of government; and shall protect each state against foreign invasions; and, on the application of its legislature, against domestic violence.

ARTICLE XIX.

On the application of the legislatures of two thirds of the states in the union for an amendment of this constitution, the legislature of the United States shall call a convention for that purpose.

ARTICLE XX.

The members of the legislatures, and the executive and judicial officers of the United States, and of the several states, shall be bound by oath to support this constitution.

ARTICLE XXI.

The ratification of the conventions of

shall be sufficient for organizing this constitution.

states

ARTICLE XXII.

This constitution shall be laid before the United States in congress assembled, for their approbation; and it is the opinion of this convention that it should be afterwards submitted to a convention chosen in each state, under the recommendation of its legislature, in order to receive the ratification of such convention.

ARTICLE XXIII.

To introduce this government, it is the opinion of this convention, that each assenting convention should notify its assent and ratification to the United States in congress assembled; that congress, after receiving the assent and ratifications of the conventions of states,

should appoint and publish a day, as early as may be, and appoint a place for commencing proceedings under this constitution; that after such publication, the legislatures of the several states should elect members of the senate, and direct the election of members of the house of representatives; and that the members of the legislature should meet at the time and place assigned by congress, and should, as soon as may be, after their meeting, choose the president of the United States, and proceed to execute this constitution.