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A WEEKLY

ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE

VOLUME XI.

NOVEMBER 1874 to APRIL 1875

"To the solid ground

Of Nature trusts the mind which builds for aye."-WORDSWORTH

LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR
UNIVERSITY

London and New York:

MACMILLAN AND CO.

1875

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INDEX.

Abbott (C. C.), American Stone Implements, 190, 215; Habits
of the Belted Kingfisher, 227

Abel (Prof. F. A., F.R.S.), Accidental Explosions, 436, 477
Aberdeen University, 413, 457

Acari mounted for the Microscope, 406

Acclimatisation: Paris, New Zealand, Cape of Good Hope, 77,
98; of Plants, 135, 174; of Salmon, in Otago, 209
Acoustic Reversibility, Prof. Tyndall on, 239

Adams (Prof. A. Leith), Fossil Remains of Fallow Deer in
Malta, 247

"Aerial World," by G. Hartwig, M. D., 385
Aeronautics (See Balloons)

Africa: Explorations in, 116, 195, 293, 356, 457, 496; by Dr.
Lenz, 475; Livingstone's "Last Journals," 142, 182; Lieut.
Cameron's Expedition, 153; Mr. H. M. Stanley's Expe-
dition, 153; Capt. Gordon's Expedition, 435; Progress in,

435

Agassiz (Prof. A.), Embryology of the Ctenophora, 76
Agassiz Memorial Fund, 413

Agricultural Education, 104

Agricultural Society and the Potato Disease, 67, 109, 128
Agriculture in Victoria, 361

Allport (Samuel), Geology and the Arctic Expedition, 268
Aloes (Tree) of South Africa, 89, 254
Alpha Fibre (Esparto Grass), 333
Alpine Club Map of Switzerland, 8

"Amazon and Madeira Rivers," by Franz Keller, 241, 262
America: Bancroft's "Native Races of the Pacific States," 442;
Academy of Arts and Sciences, 203; Survey of Colorado,
154; of Texas, 155; Anderson School of Natural History,
167; Natural Phenomena in, 329, 386; Scientific Survey,
381; Temperature Chart, 267

American Society, Paris, 135

Amphibia, Development of the Columella Auris in, 68

Amú Expedition, 29

Amú Darya River, Cause of the Change of its Course, 229

Anabas scandens, or Climbing Perch, 109

Anatomy, Journal of, 257

46

Anatomy, Human," by W. Turner, M.D., 464

Ancient Monuments Bill, 481

Anderson School of Natural History (U.S.), 167

Anderson (Prof. Thos.), Obituary Notice of, 35

Angell (J.), "Elements of Animal Physiology," 185
Animal Kingdom, Classification of the, 101
"Animal Physiology," by J. Angell, 185

"Animal Physiology," by J. Cleland, M.D., F.R.S., 504

Antares, as a Double Star, 249, 274, 287, 405; Occultation of,
308

"Anthropological Contributions," by George Gerland, 384
Anthelm's Star, 407

Anthropological Institute, 60, 99, 139, 199, 239, 278, 379, 398,
459

Anthropological Society, Paris, 98; Munich, 496

Anthropology, Notes and Queries on, 226

66

Ants, Harvesting," by J. T. Moggridge, F.L.S., 245]
Ants and Bees, 306

Aquaria Utilisation of, 87; Manchester, 36: Hastings, 216;
Southport, Westminster, Plymouth, Edinburgh, Scarborough,
Birmingham, 393, 396, 427

Arctic Exploration: Dr. Petermann on, 37; English Arctic Ex-
pedition, 16, 55, 61, 75, 85, 87, 114, 134, 153, 173, 235, 253,
293, 348, 355, 372, 474; German Arctic Expedition of 1869-
70, 63; Austro-Hungarian Expedition of 1872-74, 366, 396,
415; Geology, 268, 447, 467, 492, 508; Meteorology, 434,
467; Vegetation, 433

Argelander (Prof. F. W. A.), Obituary Notice of, 332

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Argentine Republic, Science in the, 253

Ascherson (Dr.), Vegetation of the Libyan Desert, 137
Ashe (W. Percy), Kirkes' Physiology, 227, 363

'Assyrian Discoveries," by Geo. Smith, 441

Astronomy: Our Astronomical Column, 228, 249, 269, 286,
308, 348, 365, 387, 407, 428, 446, 472, 489, 507; Brinkley's
Astronomy,' by Stubbs and Brünnow, 83; Drayson's
"Proper Motion of the Fixed Stars," 66
Atlantic Notes, 234, 290, 312

Atmosphere, Upper Currents of the, 457
Atomic Weights, Dalton's Table of, 52
Attraction and Repulsion arising from Radiation, 494
Aurora, Geographical Distribution of, 14

Austro-Hungarian North Polar Expedition, 396, 415
Australia: Exploration in, 93; Flora of, 254 (See Sydney, Vic-
toria)

Baker (Sir Samuel W., Pacha, F.R.S.), "Ismailia," 24
Baldwin (Prof. Thos.), Agricultural Education, 104

Balfour (F. M., B.A., and M. Foster, B.A.), "Elements of
Embryology," 126

Balloons: Siege (French), 76; Ascent from Paris, 429; Experi-
mental in America, 456; Fatal Ascent of the Zenith, 495, 513
Bamboo Poison, 18

Banbury, Science at, 310

Bancroft (H. H.), "Native Races of the Pacific States," 442
Barometer, Chameleon, 307, 365

Barrett (Prof. W. F.), Sensitive Flames, 129; Morse Code, 325
Basilisk, H.M.S., Survey of Coast Lines, 134

Baynes (Prof. S.), “Encyclopædia Britannica," 343

Beaumont (Elie de), Obituary Notice of, 41

Beavers imported to the Isle of Bute, 216

Beccari (Dr. O.), Discoveries in Herpetology, 447

Becker (C. L. C.), Obituary Notice of, 455

Becquerel (M.), Solar Physics, 132

Bee, Tailor, 476

Bees and Ants, Sir J. Lubbock, Bart., F.R.S., on, 159, 305
Bees and Flowers, 248, 285

Beetroot Cultivation, 314, 395

Belfast Natural History Society, 155

Belgium; Horticulture, 154; Royal Academy of Sciences, 398;'

Roman Tombs, 435; Temperature of Brussels, 444

Bellot (Lieut.), Volunteer for the Arctic Expedition, 173

Bennett (Alfred W.), Flowering of the Hazel, 466

Berlin Academy of Sciences, 114; German Chemical Society,

200, 240

Bessemer Steamer, 342

Bettany (G. T., B. A.), Practical Science at Cambridge, 131
Bidie (G.), Suicide of Scorpions, 29, 47

Biology, Results of the Polaris Expedition, 134

Bird (Isabella J.), "The Hawaiian Archipelago," 322; Vol-
canic Action in the Sandwich Islands, 386
Birds of Europe," by H. E. Dresser, F.Z.S., 485
"Birds of Northumberland and Durham," by John Hancock, 281
"Birds of Shetland," by II. L. Saxby, M.D., 81
Birds: Flight of, 364; Migration of, 5, 135, 149, 234; Birds of
Borneo, 407; Bird of Paradise, New, 208; Birds of Paradise
in New Guinea, 248; Birds of Utah, 136

Birmingham and Midland Institute; Address by Sir John
Lubbock, Bart., F.R.S., 21; Natural History Society, 274;
College of Science, 331

Black (Dr. J. W.), Columnar Formation in Mud Banks, 285;
Ocean Waves, 444

Blackbird, Ring, 187, 209, 228

Blake (Rev. J. F.), Sub-Wealden Exploration, 267

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Bonney (Rev. T. G.), Ice Caves, 327

Borneo, Birds of, 407

Borrelly's Comet, 115, 229

Chesil Bank, Origin of the, 386, 506

Chester, Society of Natural Science, 322

Chicago, Botanical Gardens at, 294

China, Expedition from Burmah through, 175, 209

"Chinchon, Memoir of the Countess of," by C. K. Markham,

C.B., F.R.S., 383
Chinese Dwarf Trees, 475

Chinese Grass Plant, 315

Chisholm (H. W.), International Metric Commission, 54; his
Annual Report as Warden of the Standards, 270

Boston (U.S.): Society of Natural History, So, 180, 273; Cholera, Microscopical Researches on, 444
Academy of Natural Sciences, 419

:

"Botanical

Botany Botanical Locality Record Club, 175;
Problems," by Prof. Cohn, 261; Botanical Magazine, 317;
"Botany for Home and School Use," by Frances A. Kitchener,
147; Botany in Queensland, 271; "Botany, Lessons in Ele-
mentary," 226; "Botany, Manual of," by R. Brown, M.A.,
Ph.D., 345; Botany of Galway Bay, 395; Botany, Systematic,
Mr. Bentham on, 254

Bottomley (J. T., M.A.), Logarithmic and Trigonometrical
Tables, 424

Boxwood, 254

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Calcutta, Botanic Gardens, 18, 295

Cambridge: Science at, 17, 34, 35, 57, 92, 115, 131, 135, 196,
272, 294, 313, 333, 353, 373, 394, 413, 434, 474, 475, 515;
Philosophical Society, 140, 339, 400

Camels reared in Nevada (U.S.), 396

Cameron (Lieut.), his African Expedition, 153, 195; Map of
Lake Tanganyika, 293

Campbell (Dr. A.), Obituary Notice of, 56

Canada: Geological Discovery, 57; Science in, 414

Camphor, Distillation of, 456

Canada Rice, a new Material for Paper, 33

Caoutchouc, Cultivation of, 355, 395, 436

Carbon Cells and Plates for Galvanic Batteries, 8

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Cinchona Bark, Trade in, 373

Civil Engineers' Institute, 79, 174, 196, 240, 299, 246, 339, 459,
480

"Civilisation, Origin of," by Sir J. Lubbock, Bart., M.I.,
F.R.S., 401

Classification of the Animal Kingdom, 101

Cleland (John, M.D., F.R.S.), Animal Physiology," 504
Clerk-Maxwell (Prof., F. R.S.), Dynamical Evidence of the
Molecular Constitution of Bodies, 357, 374

Clock Movement, Inventor of its application to Equatorial Tele-
scopes, 166

Clock, New Standard Sidereal, at the Royal Observatory,
Greenwich, 431

Clothworkers' Company, Science Exhibitions at Cambridge, 34,
456

Clowes (Frank, B.Sc.), "Practical Chemistry," 107
Coal in New South Wales, 136; American, 36

Coal Ashes, Diatomaceæ in, 475

Cobbold (Dr. T. S., F.R.S.), Lewis on Hæmatozoa, 363
Cocoa Cultivation, 216

Colometer, the, 17

Coffee Plant, Disease in the, 475

Coggia's Comet, 238, 295

Cohn (Prof.), "Botanical Problems," 261
Colorado Beetle, 355, 476

Colorado, Survey of, 154

Cold, its effects on Railway Axles, 195

Cole (Sir Henry, K C.B.), appointed Commander of the Batb,

412

College of Surgeons, Casts of the Brain, 235
Colour, Bright, in Animals, 148, 208
Colour in Flowers, 28, 47

Coloured Shadows, 406

Columnar Formation in Mud Banks, 285

Comber (Thos.), Insects and Colour in Flowers, 47

Comets Borrelly's, 115, 229; Winnecke's, 228, 295, 308, 349,
473; Coggia's, 238, 295; Encke's, 134, 169, 287, 294, 308,
328, 365, 387; Halley's, 270, 286; Comet of 1766, 489;
Comet of 1812, 446; Comet of 1840, 407

Comets, Guillemin on, 196

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Dalton's First Table of Atomic Weights, 52

Darwin (Chas., F. R.S.), "Descent of Man," 305

Darwin (George), Endowment of Research, 27; Cousin Mar-
riages, 406

"Darwinism," by Oscar Schmidt, 267

Dawkins (Prof. W. Boyd, F. R.S.), Northern Range of Fallow
Deer, 112, 226; Cave Hunting," 302

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Dawson (Principal J. W., F.R.S.), Marine Boulder Clay, 306
Death's-head Moth, 427

Deer, Fallow its Geographical Distribution, 71, 112; in Eng-
land in Pleistocene Times, 210

Deep-sea Fishing," by E. W. H. Holdsworth, F.L.S., 421
Deep-sea Researches, 148

Deductive Method in Physical Science, by Helmholtz, 149, 211
"Dental Pathology and Surgery," by S. J. A. Salter, F.R.S.,
147

Denton (S. G.), Thermometer Scales, 427

De Rance (Chas. E.), Southport Aquarium, 393; Arctic Geo-
logy, 447, 467, 492, 508

"Development of Man," by Ernst Hæckel, 4, 22

D'Halloy (D'O.), Obituary Notice of, 254

Diatomaceæ in Coal Ashes, 475

Dissipation of Energy, 454

Distant (W. L.), Thomson's "Malacca," 248

Dobson (G. E.), Anabas scandens, or Climbing Perch, 109
Dohrn (Dr.), Naples Zoological Station, 496
Domestication of Animals, 317

Donati (Prof.), Inscription to his Memory, 75

Drayson (Lieut.-Col., R. A.), "Proper Motion of the Fixed
Stars," 66

Dresser (H. E., F.Z.S.), "Birds of Europe," 485
Droseræ, 47

Drysdale (Dr. John), Electric Conductivity of Nerves, 247
Dublin Royal Irish Academy, 76, 140, 279, 340, 412; Royal
Society, 413; Trinity College, 17, 115, 294; University, 17;
Geological Society, 334, 400; Zoological Society, 334;
Royal College of Science, 115; Proposed Museum of Science
and Art, 135

Dulwich College, Scientific Lectures, 57
Dundee, Proposed College at, 116

Duruof (M.), his Aeronautical Experiments, 369; Aeronautics,
467

Duseigneur-Kléber (M. E.), "The Silkworm Cocoon," 206
Dyer (Prof. W. T., F.L.S.), Royal Agricultural Society and
the Potato Disease, 67, 128; Tree Aloes of South Africa, 89
Dynamical Evidence of Molecular Constitution of Bodies, 357,
374, 486

Earth and Sun as Forces in Chemistry, 324

Earthquakes: 414; Carnarvonshire, 57; Innsprück, Smyrna, 77;
Chili, 94; Pyrenees, America, 173; Philippine Islands, 194 ;
Ravenna, 255, 413; Carniola, Algeria, 313; Mexico, 396
Eastbourne Natural History Society, 155

Eclipses of the Sun : April 6, 1875, 201, 215, 228, 235, 312,
35, 354, 371, 394, 412, 452, 474, 490; A.D. 878, 365; A.D.
1715, 507; A.D. 1900, 472

Edinburgh Botanical Society, 311; Museum of Science and
Art, 116; Royal Society, 120, 179, 319, 380, 400; Meteoro-
logical Society, 319; Proposed Aquarium, 427; University-
Meeting under the Presidency of the Duke of Edinburgh, 115;
University, 255, 516

Education, Agricultural, 104

Education, Female, 154, 236, 314, 373, 435

Education in Science, Address by Sir John Lubbock, Bart.,
F.R.S., 21

Education, Monthly Journal of, 486

Electric Conductivity of Nerves, 247

Electric Lamp, 154

Electric Telegraph, Progress of the, 390

Ellis (A. J., F.R.S.), "Musical Duodenes," 88

"Embryology, Elements of," by M. Foster, M. A., F.R.S., and
F. M. Balfour, B. A., 126

Encke's Comet, 134, 169, 228, 270, 287, 294, 308, 328, 365,
387

"Encyclopædia Britannica," Ninth Edition, 343

Endowment of Research, 1, 27; Sir J. Herschel on, 347
Energy, Dissipation of, 454

English Arctic Expedition (See Arctic Exploration)

"English Men of Science," by F. Galton, F.R.S., 161

Entomological Society, 79, 160, 239, 399, 459
Eocene Mammals, New Order of, 368

Esparto Grass, 333

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Fallow Deer, Geographical Distribution of, 71, 112, 226; in
England in Pleistocene Times, 210; Fossil Remains in Malta,
247

Faraday Lecture at Royal Institution, 411

Fatigue, Law of, regulating Muscular Exertion (See Muscular
Mechanical Work)

Fehling (Dr. Hermann v.), New Chemical Dictionary, 165
Female Education in Science, 154, 236, 314; London Univer-
sity, 373; School of Medicine for Women, 435
Ferrel (W.), Constant Currents in Air and Sea, 186
Fertilisation of Flowers by Insects, 32, 110, 169
Fetis (F. J.), "History of Music," 125
Fish, Acclimatisation of American, 476
Fish; Movements of the Herring, 151
Fish, Nest of, 48

Fisher (R. C.), Hoplophora decumana, 364
Fisheries of India and Burmah, 175

"Fisheries of the British Islands," by E. W. Holdsworth,
F.L.S., 421

Flames, Sounding and Sensitive, 45, 88, 129
Flight of Birds, 364

Flint Celt, 466

Flowering of the Hazel, 466, 507

Flowers, Colour in (See Colour)
Flowers and Bees, 285

Flowers destroyed by Birds, 428, 446

Flowers fertilised by Insects (See Fertilisation of Flowers)
Flückiger and Hanbury's "Pharmacographia," 42
Fonvielle (W. de), the Recent Thaw, 194; Storms in the
Atlantic, 290; Meteorological Observations in the Pyrenees,
369; Twenty-three Hours in the Air, 429; Aeronautics,
467; Haloes, 476; Fatal Balloon Ascent-the Zenith, 495,
513

Formosa, Journey in, 216
Forests of Ceylon, 274

Forrest (John), "Exploration in Western Australia," 475
Fossils in "Trap," 129

66

Foster (M., B.A.), and F. M. Balfour, B.A., Elements of
Embryology," 126

Fountain, Monumental, at Paris, 36

Fritz (Prof.), Geographical Distribution of Auroræ, 14
Frog, Cry of the, 48

Frogs and Snakes, 167

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Gaussian Constants, 285

Geiger (J. L., F.R.G.S.), "A Peep at Mexico," 84
Geikie (Prof. A., F. R.S.), Elie de Beaumont, 41
Geographical Distribution of Aurora, 14

Geographical Society, 34, 37, 40, 75, 139, 220, 293, 339
Geography; International Congress at Paris, 232

Geology Geological Society, 57, 58, 139, 219, 299, 312,
338; Annual Meeting, Medals, 359, 378, 417, 434, 479;
Geological Museum, New, 18 Geological Survey of Victoria,
181; Geologists' Association, 179, 319, 418, 457; Geology
and the Arctic Expedition, 268, 447, 467, 492, 508; Geology,
Past and Future Work of, 290, 315

Geometrical Conics, Walker's System of, 445
Geometrical Teaching, Report on, 504

66

Geometry, Descriptive," by W. Watson, Ph.D., 265
Gerland (George), "Anthropological Contributions," 384
German Arctic Expedition 1869-70, 63

German Chemical Society, 200

German Manual of Scientific Inquiry, 321

Glasgow: Geological Society, 79, 180, 320, 400, 418; Philo-

sophical Society, 216, 320; Science Lectures, 233

Glass, Hardened, 474

Godard (M.), Aeronautics, 467

Goldsmid (Col. Sir F.J., C.B.), "Telegraph and Travel," 347
Göttingen, Royal Society of Sciences, 459

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