State Inebriate Asylum, at Binghamton.-This | 138 of the older boys were permitted to enlist in institution, the first in the United States, and pro- the army, and have acquitted themselves well. bably the first in the world, for the medical and There were no deaths. 216 (74 of them girls) were moral treatment of intemperate persons, will be indentured. The receipts for the year from all opened early in 1863 for patients. It will have sources for general expenses were 800,544 32, and accommodations for 400 patients, and applications the expenditure $53,716 35. Of this sum $3.704 35 have already been made for the admission of more was for furniture, interest, &c., and not directly than twenty times that number. A farm of 252 for the support of the institution, leaving $50,012 acres of land was donated to the asylum by the as the net expenditure for support. The average citizens of Binghamton, and will furnish employ number of children resident was 528, and the cost ment to such of the inmates as are disposed to per head $94 73, of which $13,399 82, or $25 37 per labor. head, was from the earnings of the boys. CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS.-The State has a large number of these. There are two Houses of Refuge; one on Randall's Island, East River, New York, under the care of the Society for the Reformation of Juvenile Delinquents, but receiving aid from the State in the erection of its buildings, and an appropriation from the city, together with the licenses of places of amusement, and a stipulated sum for the support of each child committed; the other, The Western House of Refuge, at Rochester, entirely a State institution. The Juvenile Asylum, New York City, and the Truants' Home, Brooklyn, are intended for a somewhat younger class, usually committed for vagrancy, truancy, or petty larceny; while the Five Points House of Industry, Home for the Friendless. Children's Aid Society, and kindred institutions, though intended in part for the rescue and reformation of the same class of offenders, are voluntary in their character, and do not resort to physical restraint to retain their inmates. The statistics of the House of Refuge, Randall's Island, for 1861, are as follows:-Whole number of children received since the opening of the house in 1825, 8737; number in the house, Jan. 1, 1861, 568 (boys 462, girls 106, white 521, colored 47); received during the year, 424 (boys 297, girls 127, white 389, colored 35); discharged or disposed of, 504 (boys 387, girls 117, white 473, colored 31); remaining, Jan. 1, 1862, 488 (boys 372, girls 116, white 437, colored 51). During the year The Western House of Refuge, at Rochester, S. S. Wood, Superintendent, is intended for boys only. In 1860 it had 426 pupils. Its expenses for ordinary support were $39,679 63, or $93 14 per pupil per annum. The Juvenile Asylum receives occasional grants from the State, but is mainly supported by the city of New York. It has two departments,the House of Reception, in 13th Street and the Asylum proper, on Washington Heights. The House of Reception in 1860 had 947 inmates, of whom 126 were remaining Jan. 1, 1861; of the remainder, 295 had been discharged by magistrates, 422 sent to the asylum, 61 discharged by the committee, 31 escaped, and 12 were indentured. The asylum proper had in the course of the year 839 inmates, of whom 200 were discharged by the committee, 210 were indentured, 2 escaped, and 5 died, leaving in the asylum, Jan. 1, 1861, 422. The total number received in 8 years was 6550. The expenses for support for the year were $50,365, or $119 91 per pupil per annum. Very few of the children are retained in the asylum a year, the average residence being less than six months. Large numbers are indentured, mostly at the West, and the asylum has exercised great care and watchfulness over | those indentured, its agent visiting them twice a year and ascertaining the condition of each. The purposes and operations of the Truants' Home of Brooklyn are in general similar to those of the Juvenile Asylum. The voluntary organizations, Receipts for current expenses. Expenditures, our rent expenses. New York City alone to the West. except the Children's Aid Societies and some of | far from 2000 children are thus sent annually from the Industrial Schools or Missions, have asylums, in which the children are instructed and trained for a variable period, but after a time homes are usually sought for them in the country. The Children's Aid Societies, Industrial Schools, and Missions, have schools which furnish in part the food and clothing necessary for the subsistence of the children, and eventually send such as are willing to go to families at the West. In all, not Prisons-There are three convict prisons in the State, besides the Insane Asylum for convicts. They are located at Sing Sing, on the Hudson River, Auburn, and Clinton, in Clinton co., There is at Sing Sing a separate female prison. The following table gives the principal statistics of these prisons for the year ending Sept. 30, 1861:- Criminal Statistics.-The report of the Secretary of State on this subject gives the number of convictions in courts of record for the year 1861 as 2275 (2101 males, 174 females). Of these, 562 (525 males and 37 females) were for offences against the person; 340 (335 males and 5 females) offences against property with violence; 619 (548 males and 71 females) offences against property without violence; 150 (143 males and 7 females) offences against the currency; 604 (550 males and 54 females) offences against society. The clerks of the county courts return for the year 1242 indictments tried, of which the parties in 826 were convicted, in 400 acquitted, and in the remainder the juries could not agree. 1405 persons were convicted on their own confession, and €69 were discharged from their indictments without trial. Of 36,662 cases tried in the courts of special sessions in the cities of Albany, Auburn, Hudson, Buffalo, Brooklyn, New York, Utica, Oswego, and Schenectady, 20,992 were males, 15,670 females; 4014 were under 21 years of age, 16,878 were married, 19,323 single, 646 46 475 167 168 10 161 73 1,143 121 729 460 15 95 16 68 42 24 5 18 18 also Ward's Island, in the East River, where they have an Emigrants' Refuge for the infirm, a general hospital, and an insane hospital, and a farm of 106 acres, cultivated mainly by the inmates of the refuge. From 1847 to Dec. 31, 1860, the number of aliens who arrived at the port of New York, for whom commutation and hospital moneys were paid or bonds demanded, was 2,671,819; the number treated and cared for by the commissioners at Ward's Island was 129,644; the number treated at the Marine Hospital was 56,877; number supplied temporarily with board and lodging, 353,136; number temporarily relieved with money, 97.754; number provided with employment, 129,148; number of persons forwarded to their desired destination, 35,268; number treated in other institutions at the expense of the commission, 13,715; number relieved in the counties of New York and chargeable to the commission, 98,194, making a total of persons cared for at the expense of the commissioners in 14 years, of 893,736. The total receipts of commutation and hospital moneys during that period were $5,227,019 08, and the total expenditures $5,153,126 50. The operations of the commissioners for the year ending Jan. 1, 1862, were:-whole number of pas 234 social condition unknown; 9350 were natives IMMIGRATION AND PAUPERISM.-The oversight of the vast immigration which pours from Europe into the United States through the great commercial port of New York is by the State vested in the Commissioners of Emigration, established in 1847. The commissioners, in 1861, published a volume containing their reports, the laws on the subject of emigration, and the statistics of what had been accomplished by the commission up to that time. They have an office at Castle Garden, an immense building on the Battery, New York; and the building itself is devoted to the use of emigrants, who there pay their commutationmoney ($2 per head) or give their bonds not to become chargeable to the State. The commissioners receive this money, and undertake to provide for all emigrants who are sick or have become impoverished for a period of five years from the period of their landing in the State. They occupy landed at the port during the year, 92,725, of whom 27,196 were citizens or persons not subject to bonds or commutation; aliens, subject to commutation or bonds, 65,529, of whom 27,139 were from Germany, 25,784 from Ireland, 5362 from England, and 6974 from other countries; number in State Emigrants' Refuge and Hospital, Ward's Island, Jan. 1, 1861, 1068; received during the year, 3710; born there, 301; total number cared for and treated, 5079; remaining Jan. 1, 1862, 716; Insane Hospital, Ward's Island, total under treatment during the year, 182; in City Asylum, at charge of commissioners, 14; small-pox cases treated during the year, at Small-Pox Hospital, Blackwell's Island, at expense of commissioners, 262; number sent to other hospitals at expense of commissioners, 64; sent back to Europe at their own request, 326; ditto, at expense of consignees of vessels, 87; number forwarded inland by the commission, 537; number temporarily relieved, 6177; number buried at expense of commission, 355; number provided with employment, 6023; number relieved and forwarded in and from the counties, 1950; number relieved, forwarded, and provided with employment in five years, 20,874; number of births on Ward's Island, 301; number of deaths, 293. The amount of commutation-money received during the year was $133,254; receipts from other sources, $42,180 56; balance from previous year, $71,750 39; total receipts, $247,184 95; expenditures, $178,401 77; balance, $68,783 18. Pauperism.-We have no full statistics of pauperism in the State later than 1860. The number of county almshouses at that time was 60; whole number relieved in them, 228,517; of which there were county paupers, 192,830; town, 25,021; temporarily relieved, 279,787; expenses connected with county poor-houses, $774,106 89; expenses of administering temporary relief, $560,859 62; whole number of acres of land attached to poor-house establishments, 7691.58; estimated value of poorhonse establishments, $1,074,230 51; cost, $760,054 17. Average weekly expense of each pauper in almshouse, 71.8; average yearly expense, $37 34. Total amount expended for out-door poor (including New York City), $677,680. Whole number received in the almshouses, 36,550; born in the almshouses, 812; died, 2428; bound out, 634; discharged, 27,475; absconded, 884; remaining, Dec. 31, 13,431 (males 7042, females 6389). Of those relieved during the year there were foreigners, 45.485; lunatics, 2669; idiots, 386; mutes, 48; children, 6262. Of the 228,517 relieved in almshouses, 94,501 were natives of the United States, and 134,016 of foreign countries. Intemperance was the acknowledged direct cause in the case of 22,330 and the indirect cause in the case of 11,718 others; idleness, 8483; vagrancy, 2242; 3177 were insane, 781 idiots, 64 deaf-mutes, 640 blind, 1341 orphans, 613 illegitimate; while 142,788 were reported as indigent and destitute, and 11,849 as children having destitute parents. The total expenditure, including New York City, for the legal relief of the poor was $1,877,908, or $50 02 for every inhabitant of the population. The paupers constituted 9.20 per cent. of the population; the percentage of the poor-rate to the valuation of the State, .0013; and to the whole tax, 11 per cent. Scientific Explorations.-The State has a valuable and instructive Museum of Natural History and Agriculture at Albany, with extensive geological, mineralogical, botanical, and zoological collections, illustrating very thoroughly the natural history of the State, and furnishing means for comparison with other States and countries. The greater part of this collection was made by the corps of naturalists, who made the Natural History Survey of the State. The agricultural rooms have a large collection of seeds, preserved and dried plants, woods, and agricultural implements. Both collections are free to the public. The State also employs an entomologist to investigate and report upon insects injurious to vegetation, and makes occasional grants to the Board of Regents for specific scientific investigations. Appropriations were made in 1857 and 1858 for ascertaining the latitude and longitude of certain places in the State; and in 1862 the board reported that they had ascertained with great accuracy the longitude of Dudley Observatory, Albany, the Observatory of Hamilton College, Clinton, the court-house at Syracuse, and the light-house at Buffalo. The amount expended in these investigations was $2.833 33; and it was expected that during the current year the longitude of two other points, one near the Pennsylvania line and the other near the northern boundary of the State, would be ascertained. The following are the latitudes and longitudes thus determined:-Dudley Observatory, latitude 42° 39′ 49′′.55, longitude (from Greenwich) in time, 4h. 54m. 588.231; longitude (from Greenwich) in arc, 73° 44′ 33′′.45. Hamilton College, latitude 43° 3′16′′.5; longitude, in time, 5h. 1m. 378.12; in arc, 75° 24'16".8. Syracuse, latitude 43° 3' 00"; longitude, in time, 5h. 4m. 37s.07; in arc, 76° 9′ 16′′.0. Buffalo, latitude 42° 52′ 46′′.36; longitude, in time, 5h. 15m. 338.07; in arc, 78° 53' 25.0. Census Statistics.-New York has not published the statistics of the census of 1860 relative to the State; and the preliminary report of the Census Bureau gives but few statistics of the State. beyond those inserted in our tables. We glean a few of the most important. The State is 17th in area, 1st in actual population, 4th in density of population, 20th in mean ratio, and 5th in absolute increase of population during the last decade. In most departments of manufacturing industry it stands first, as it does greatly in the aggregate of its manufactured products; yet Pennsylvania surpasses it in the production of pig, bar, and rolled iron, and woollen goods; Massachusetts in cotton and woollen goods, and boots and shoes; and Connecticut in sewing-machines and India-rubber goods. In the cash value of its farming-land it is far before any other State, its farms having a cash value of $803,343,593, or $40 per acre for its improved and unimproved lands. In the number of its horses Ohio and Illinois surpass it; but the aggregate value of its live stock is greater by 20 millions of dollars than that of any other State. As a wheat-growing State it stands seventh on the list, while Iowa and Michigan will soon, if they do not already, surpass it. In maize it occupies the fifteenth rank, in oats the first, in rye the second; in wool it is second, Ohio being first; it surpasses all the other States in its potato crop, as also in its market-garden products, butter, cheese, and hay, hops, flax, maplesugar, beeswax and honey, and slaughtered animals. There is a slight excess of females in the population (11,022 whites, 2649 colored), though less than in the New England States. One-third of the whole population of the State is comprised in the counties forming the New York Metropolitan District. MILITARY AFFAIRS.-The Contribution of New York to the Volunteer Army.-The State of New York acted with great promptness on the call of the President for troops for the maintenance of the Union, April 15, 1861. The Legislature voted an appropriation of $4,000,000 for war purposes, and the city of New York $1,000,000, and subsequently another million for the aid of volunteers and their families. The Seventh Regiment Militia (National Guard), perhaps the finest volunteer militia regiment in the United States, offered their services, and left with full ranks on the evening of April 18, and on the 21st six other 4 regiments 6 battalions 13 batteries 1 regiment marine artillery.......... 1 regiment Total sent forward.................. regiments followed. In all, 23 regiments of three- | Artillery- 23 regiments, 3 months........... 15,838 Recruits for regiments in field... 29,690 Cavalry 11 regiments 1 battalion 8,779 900 855 163 208,409 10,050 219,059 Militia Law.-The Legislature of 1862 enacted a militia law intended to organize and enroll for State and national defence the entire force of able-bodied citizens between the ages of 18 and 45 years. All able-bodied male citizens between these ages are to be enrolled, and the law divides them into two classes, those between 18 and 30, and those between 30 and 45, and provides for the organization of 128 regiments of militia, whose minimum number per regiment shall be 400 men, to be called the National Guard, and to constitute the uniformed militia of the State, and be instructed and trained to military service. If a sufficient number do not volunteer to fill these regiments up to the minimum (certain privileges being granted to those who volunteer), the deficiency is to be made up by drafting from the first or younger class of the enrolled citizens. All those who are enrolled, but not members of the National Guard, must appear, unless exempted, once a year for inspection, or pay a fine of one dollar. The whole number between the ages of 18 and 45, enrolled in September 1862, as liable to military duty, was 764,603; and 139,193 9,642 were declared exempt from various causes. -188,070 |