each troop between 60 and 80. Island. Twelve ships between 40 and 80 tons were built every year in Boston, Salem, and that jurisdiction. "I came over (he says) in a ship built there of 200 tons, with 14 guns." There are three or four ironworks. The merchants seem to be rich men, and their houses as handsomely furnished as most in London. Their trade is described and may certainly be called free. Their money is of "pretty good silver," in the middle is a pine tree (with which the country abounds); the value of their shilling is but 9d. sterling, the pieces usually current are only 2d., 3d., 6d., and shillings; Jamaica supplies thom with silver. The houses are of brick and stone, but most of timber of two or three stories. They have three meeting houses set round with galleries, each as large as an ordinary parish church. In Rhode Island, "the garden Rhode of New England," the houses are very good, especially at Newport, where are more sheep than anywhere else. The town and trade of Connecticut not considerable. Plymouth, Connecticut, and Massachusetts are in a confederacy, Connecticut. called the United Colonies, but Rhode Island is not. The setts. soldiers are all of the inhabitants and exercise twice a week, their horsemen wear buff coats, pistols, hangers, and corslets; every soldier bears his own charges, except in war with the Indians; all able bear arms, except a few Anabaptists and the Quakers, who will not bear any. The Governors chosen by all the freemen. John Leverett, Governor of Boston, a resolute man, the election is yearly, but he has been Governor three years since Bellingham's death; John Winthrop, a very good sober man, has been Governor of Connecticut 20 years, and 11 years ago got a Patent from the King; Josiah Winslow, a moderate man, is Governor of New Plymouth; and the Governor of Rhod Island is William Coddington, a Quaker. The most grannical ministers to those that differ from them Massachu are the Presbyterians, amongst the fiercest Mr. Thatcher, "the only man in the country that keeps a coach." The greatest part of the ministers are Presbyterians, Anabaptists, and Quakers; in Rhode Island Anabaptists and Quakers rule. There is a considerable party in all the Colonies called Common Protestants, who in Massachusetts are not permitted to bear any office but constables, though in Rhode Island they enjoy the same privileges as others. There is a college at Cambridge, three miles from Boston, where many preachers, physicians, and Indians are bred, but no lawyers. It has translated the Bible into the Indian language. In Massachusetts there are three or four congregations of Indians called Praying Indians, distinguished from the others in Rhode Island, who are unconverted. Formerly there was a fencing school in Massachusetts. Gaming not allowed. Cloth they make, but the better sort of linen is brought from England (543). Ferdinando Gorges' title to Maine and Robert Hampshire. Mason's title to New Hampshire are fully described; all the papers concerning these controversies may readily be found by means of the Index. Maine and New Carolina. The "Shaftesbury Papers" materially add to the value of those calendared in this volume relating to the settle ment of Carolina. Every possible inducement was held out by the Lords Proprietors to "all ingenious and industrious persons " who would go over. Liberty of conscience, choice of their own Governor, and Assembly from among themselves, freedom from customs on all exports for seven years under certain conditions, 100 acres of land to each male, and 50 acres to a female, paying 10s. for every 1,000 acres to the Lords Proprietors, with other advantages (377). Soon after Sir John Yeamans was appointed Governor in 1671 the gentlemen chosen for an Assembly for Clarendon County, with the consent of the 66 of Shaftes letters. Governor, addressed the Lords Proprietors, supplicating the redress of three grievances, the halfpenny per acre for land, the "undecimal division" of land, and the injunction on penalty of forfeiture of keeping one man upon every 100 acres. This document has 14 signatures (390). In the summer of 1675 the Earl of Shaftesbury, his The Earl Secretary and friend, John Locke, were the leading spirits bury's in the early settlement of Carolina-many letters signed Shaftesbury" are wholly in Locke's handwriting-wrote John Locke. three letters on the same day to "his very affectionate friends the Governor and Council," to his very affectionate friend Andrew Percivall of St. Giles plantation on Ashley river, and to his very sincere friend Maurice Matthews, about a new colony of Quakers. "They are people," A Colony of wrote the Earl, "I have had transactions with here, and am concerned to have a particular care of," and he recommended the Governor and Council to give them such usage as may encourage them to invite over the rest. of their friends, "who intend to follow in a considerable number." "A whole colony" of 12,000 acres was to be set out for them, as they intended within five years to build a town of 30 houses, with 100 inhabitants at least, "to each of which houses (sic) must belong as a town lot "70 acres inseparable for ever" (576-8). The next day Lord Shaftesbury wrote another letter to the Governor. and Council, expressing his great dissatisfaction at the manner in which his "particular care of them, and Supplies. "their settlement, ever since they first sat down upon 66 Ashley River had been acknowledged. Last year Quakers. tion of the when the Lords Proprietors' expectations of returns grew Dissatisfac weary, he got them to consent to a new method of Lords Prosupplying them. "If," continues Lord Shaftesbury, prietois. they will be so much friends to themselves as to lay "down any rational way that will satisfy the Lords "Proprietors, they mean to pay for the things sent to "them, and not any longer to give cause to apprehend "that for 90,000l. or 100,000l., the Lords have purchased "nothing but the charge of maintaining 500 or 600 66 people," then he may be able to persuade the Lords to send a further supply. He makes them " a fair proposal," and promises, if accepted, "nobody shall want supplies "for the future, who will pay for them at moderate Seth Sothell. "rates" (581). About this time Seth Sothell," a person of considerable estate in England," went out with an intention to plant in Carolina, and take up a manor of 12,000 acres, with people he will take over. He was the bearer of a letter to the Governor and Council at Ashley River from Lord Shaftesbury, who begged them to use him kindly for their own interest, since nothing" can so "much contribute to the growth and prosperity of the Ashley 66 plantation, as that men of estates should settle amongst "them" (584). And at the same time, the bearer John Smith, Lord Shaftesbury's particular friend, brings "his wife and family, and a considerable estate, "with intention to plant," and intends to take up a manor (590). There is a long letter from the Lords Proprietors to the Government and Assembly of the 66 Albemarle. county of Albemarle, in which their Lordships assure them they will never part with the county of Albemarle, "but will always maintain our Province of Carolina "entire as it is." Thomas Eastchurch, your Speaker was, a month after the date of this letter, 21st October 1676, appointed Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Albemarle (1075, 1142). A large folio volume containing the record of all grants of land in South Carolina from the first establishment of the Colony, with names of grantees and situation of grant to 31st October 1765, will be found abstracted, but only those grants for the years 1674 (the earliest date) to the year 1676 are tabulated in this volume (717, 1224). There are many references to Maryland. In a letter to Maryland. the Archbishop of Canterbury, in August 1676, John Yeo The Archbishop of laments the deplorable condition of Maryland for want of Canterbury. an established ministry. He says there are 10 or 12 counties in this province, with at least 20,000 souls, and but three Protestant ministers of the Church of England. The Popish priests and Jesuits are provided for, and the Quaker provides for the speakers in their conventicles, but no care is taken for those of the Christian religion. The Lord's day is profaned, religion despised, and notorious vices committed," so that it is become a Sodom of uncleanness, and a pest house of iniquity." Now, Yeo urges, is the time for His Grace to be an instrument of universal reforma. tion amongst them. Cecil Lord Baltimore is dead, and Charles Lord Baltimore bound for England, to receive the King's confirmation. Doubts not His Grace may prevail for the maintenance of a Protestant ministry, as in Virginia, Barbadoes, and all other His Majesty's plantations which will encourage able men to come among them. The Archbishop sent this letter "from a person altogether unknown" to him, to the Bishop of London, and told him the design seemed so honest and laudable, that "I conceive it concerns us by all means to promote it," and he makes no question that if the Bishop will remember it when Lord Baltimore's affair is considered at the Council table, there may be a convenient oppor tunity to obtain some settled revenue for the ministry in Maryland. When that is once done, writes the Archbishop, it will be no difficult matter for us to supply them with those of competent abilities both regular and conformable (1005, 1005 1.). The King, by Commission dated 24th July 1674, appointed New York, Major Andros and Anthony Brockhurst to demand and take possession of the Colony of New York from the Dutch |