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Eighth-street. They here entered what is termed Red-row, a collection of small frame houses, occupied by coloured persons. They assailed and broke open eight or nine houses. The course adopted by the mob was to break in the doors with axes, and then search for the inmates. If they found any young coloured man, they beat him severely, and then allowed him to go. Old men and women were not injured. The rage of the mob did not, however, allow them to go through such a series of outrage without many acts of cruelty, and in several cases the treatment of poor defenceless blacks was barbarous in the extreme. In the Redrow they found several persons, who were summarily punished and released. It having been asserted that several men were concealed in the chimney, some ruffian applied a torch to burn them out. The house was quickly in a flame.

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A portion of the mob (it being now about ten o'clock) proceeded from Red-row to Christian and Ninth-streets. Here they assailed several brick and frame houses, occupied by blacks. Several of the houses were for a time defended, and several shots were fired from one of them. Five discharges took place, and two persons were seriously injured. The contents of a musket passed through the body of one sufferer, and the other had the cap of his knee shot off. The person most seriously injured was conveyed to the hospital. The mob, however, succeeded in breaking in; but, as they entered, the blacks escaped by the back way.

While these scenes were enacted, the fire in Red-row had risen to some height; and the alarm being given, our gallant firemen hastened to the spot; but the mob, with ruffian violence, ordered them not to play upon the fire. Our firemen, however, are not easily intimidated, and persisted in their praiseworthy efforts, when the mob became exceedingly enraged, and, unmindful of the protection which the firemen have so often extended to their property, cut their hose, injured their apparatus, and assailed the firemen with stones. The latter however stood their ground like men, and succeeded after the lapse of more than an hour, in subduing the fire, and the still more savage foe that surrounded them. The scene presented by the crowd at this place is described to us as truly terrific. The clamour and confusion, the shout of rage and the cry of suffering, as some one sunk under the blows dealt with almost indiscriminate fury; all presented a scene equally singular and terrifying. It must be observed that no blacks were to be seen in the crowd at this place. It was a contest of honest and respectable citizens anxious to preserve the public peace, and to save the city from conflagration against a band of midnight brawlers, ready with club and torch to sack and fire the houses of defenceless and unoffending people.

The fire was not extinguished until about half past eleven o'clock. But one house was destroyed. From this place the mob proceeded to the neighbourhood of Fitzwater street and Passyunk Road. They there attacked and entered more than a dozen two story frame houses. They broke the doors and windows, but did little further injury to property. Having completed these devastations in that neighbourhood, they returned to Shippen between Sixth and Seventh-streets. It was now about twelve o'clock. They entered a court running from the south side of Shippenstreet, and broke open three houses. In one of these a black man determined to resist the lawless violators of the peace; and when the mob broke into his house, he armed himself with an axe, and attempted to

beat them back. He made a furious blow at the first person who entered, but a door being pushed open between him and the object of his resentment, partially received the blow. Had not this happily occurred, the man would probably have been killed; as it was, the axe struck him on the face, and cut open his cheek and lip. This lawful resistance of midnight violence was dreadfully revenged by the mob, who beat the coloured man with great and cruel severity. Had not constable Hoffner interposed, the man, who has always been peaceful and inoffensive, would probably have been killed.

They next assailed a house on the north side of Shippen-street. The doors were all nailed, and considerable delay occurred before they effected admission. When in the house, every door was found to be nailed, and still further delay took place before they succeeded in entering the chambers. At length they found an old coloured man and woman whom, notwithstanding their disappointment, they left untouched. From thence they repaired again to Small-street. Here the crowd, yelling and blaspheming, rioted in violence and outrage wholly unopposed. The white inhabitants placed candles at their windows, and the houses thus distinguished were respected; all the others were broken open. One black man was found here concealed in the yard; he was given up to the prey of the savage mob, and dreadfully maltreated. It was now after one o'clock, and when our informant left the place, Small-street was still occupied by the enraged mob.

Several houses were assailed during the night which were occupied by white families. This was done either from mistake, or because the inmates were companions of coloured people. A spectator informs us that, when one house, a three story building, was attacked so terrified, were the inmates and so anxious to escape, that several dropped from the third story windows. Many revolting occurrences took place during the night. One coloured man was barbarously mangled. Another, when his house was attacked, escaped upon the roof. The mob shouted at him; and in his perturbation he leaped from the roof and alighted without injury. The crowd applauding the act, allowed him to escape. At two o'clock the mob had dispersed, and all was quiet.

It is to be hoped that these disgraceful scenes will not be repeated. Assuredly no good citizen will participate in them. Efficient police arrangements will, we learn, be made for to-night; and those who dare again to attempt so flagrant a violation of the laws will probably be apprehended and punished.

It would be well if respectable citizens, instead of swelling the crowd as spectators, would remain at their homes, or, if they desire to aid in the suppression of riots, volunteer and be sworn in as members of the police.

From the New York Daily Advertiser, 1834.

OUTRAGE AGAINST THE BLACKS.

THIS was a scene of great riot and disturbance: the vengeance of the mob appeared to be directed entirely against the blacks: whenever a coloured person appeared, it was the signal of combat, fight, and riot. Five houses of an ordinary character were principally demolished.

Many broken heads was the result of the affray. The authority, with Alderman Ferris and Assistant Alderman Ballagh at their head, were very active indeed: the alderman and assistant conducted in the most energetic manner, and seized several, whom they put in charge of the watch. The mob made it a rule that whenever a house was not illuminated by candles they would dash in the windows. In this way the streets in the neighbourhood of Five Points presented a brilliant appearance. The whole neighbourhood was in great confusion all night.

ANOTHER RIOT IN CENTRE-STREET.

A CHURCH AND FOUR HOUSES

INJURED.

Two o'clock.-We have just returned from one of the most disgraceful scenes we have ever witnessed. In thirty years' acquaintance with the city, nothing has ever happened to compare with it. At eleven o'clock, the mob, to the number of some thousands, commenced their work of fiend-like destruction by tearing down St. Philip's Episcopal Church in Centre-street, and occupied by a coloured congregation. We stood for two hours witnessing this outrage.

This church is under the pastoral care of the Rev. Peter Williams, one of the most inoffensive men in the city.

For more than two hours they had entire possession of that portion of the city, without any one to molest them.

APPENDIX V.

ON THE MISERABLE CONDITION OF THE LABOURING CLASSES IN

THE FREE REPUBLIC OF PENNSYLVANIA.

THE facts collected under this head, relative to the condition of the poor in Philadelphia, are particularly worthy of the serious perusal of the Chartists, who imagine that universal suffrage, vote by ballot, &c., must inevitably improve their condition. They have all these things in the United States; and, what is of much more importance to a people than any form of government, they have one of the most extensive and most fertile countries in the world, the best land being in many places at a mere nominal price, and yet the labouring classes there are in a worse condition than in the so said over-crowded, aristocratic, and State-and-Church ridden England. To enable my readers fully to understand the following accounts of the earnings of the American poor, I beg to inform them that a cent is about equal to our half-penny, a cent being the hundredth part of a dollar, which is worth in our currency about four shillings and two

pence. Thus, when we read in the following table that a person only earns three cents and a fraction per day, we are to understand that that person's earnings are about three halfpence a day.

Extracts from Reports of the Benevolent Association of Philadelphia. Ladies' Branch, 1837.

"In the month of December, a visiter in Moyamensing found a widow and two children, one an infant, in a cellar, destitute of wood, food, and clothing! A few days previously, a neighbour found her lying across the infant's cradle. The poor creature had fainted from exhaustionoccasioned by want of nourishment."

"Another reports having visited a female, also ill, whom she found in a garret, without food, or even a drop of water! She said, that except the visiter, she had not seen any one for three days! She was supplied with necessary comforts, but died in a few days!" "Such," adds the report, are the scenes your visiters are called to witness, at times deeply distressing; and again calculated to call forth gratitude to Him who employs them as dispensers of his mercies."

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The following statements are taken from the Report of the Ladies' Branch for 1836:

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A case of wretchedness, almost without a parallel, occurred in district No. 7. It was owing to the want of employment, and not having received wages for last summer's work."

"The visiter of No. 5 says: I have never before met with such utter misery and distress as I have seen in several instances in the course of my visits during the last two months-not only among depraved, but the industrious and honest labourers, who have found it impossible to get work during the everity of the winter."

George *****, with his wife and two children, were found in a dwelling, ready to fall down with age,-nothing to eat, without clothing, without a bed the floor furnishing their only resting-place!"

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Henry*****, and his wife, live in what may be called a closet; burning coal in a furnace in the centre of the room, it having no chimney. The man is seventy-five years old, his wife a year younger. They receive no aid from the overseers of the poor, as they refuse to go into the alms-house."

"One of our most efficient visiters says: Great distress has prevailed this winter. Persons who have never asked aid, since I have been a visiter, a period of three or four years, have this winter, owing to want of employment, received aid.'

"The visiters found many industrious worthy females without work, and unable to obtain it, whose maintenance depended on their daily labour. *** Accustomed to support themselves, many of them would bear the privations of poverty, rather than disclose their wants.

"The visiter in section 1st, of district No. 2, observes—

"The second person we called upon was destitute of fuel, and had been during three of the coldest days this winter! without a stove, food for the day, or work, from the proceeds of which she might procure it; yet patient, meek, and uncomplaining. She had been reared in the lap of

ease and indulgence, and possessed, in the years of her married life, a fair portion of this world's goods.'

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The following extracts from the reports of the late coroner, Mr. Dickinson, are a proper pendant to the above statements, and ought to impose silence on those whose eloquence is so often and so perniciously displayed in a cruel clamour against the dissoluteness of the poor, and the operations of benevolent societies.

1. 1835, Dec. 6. A man about 30 years of age. Verdict-Perished of cold.

2. Dec. 8. John Johnson had been sick some time; had no bed, no doctor, and no person to take care of him. Verdict-Perished of cold. 3. 1836, Jan. 10. Unknown man, aged about 35, frozen in the street; barefooted, no hat, thin clothes. Verdict-Perished of cold.

4. Jan. 16. Solomon Dronsberry, coloured man, aged 56. Verdict --Perished of cold in a cellar.

5. Job Smith, a coloured man, aged 45. Verdict-Perished of cold in a cellar; no bed, no fire, no nourishment.

6. Jan. 17. Moses Woodward, a coloured man, aged 40. Verdict -Died in a cellar; no bed, no nourishment.

7. Jan. 24. Coloured man, unknown. Verdict-Perished of cold. 8. Jan. 29. George Servis, aged 35. Verdict-Perished of cold and want of care.

9.

Feb. 3. Perished of cold. 10. Feb. 4.

Clayton Green, coloured man, aged 25. Verdict

Nancy Brown.

Verdict--Perished of cold.

11. Feb. 8. Benjamin Gonasly. Verdict-Perished of cold. 12. Feb. 16. A. Brown.

Extracts from the Works of Matthew Carey, Esq., on the Condition of the Poor in Philadelphia.

From "An Appeal to the Wealthy of the Land."-June, 1833. A COMMITTEE was appointed by a Town Meeting on the 14th June, 1833, to consider the inadequacy of the wages paid to women employed in sewing and other branches of needle-work.

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To simplify the subject, we annex a synopsis of the result of their painful labours. We do not advert to the prices given by different benevolent societies, because, in the first place, the work done for them bears but a small proportion to the whole, and secondly, because their operations are generally confined to the winter season.

Per piece. Per week. | Rent
Rent per week. Net receipts, per day.
12 cents. 1123 cts.

50 cents.

9 cents.

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Are we not warranted, fellow-citizens, in the assumption that a remorseless cupidity, which has reduced the wages of those women below the amount necessary to procure the necessaries of life forces on them the awful alternatives-mendicity-starvation-the alms-house-or a life of licentiousness, to which a crowded and luxurious population holds out so many allurements—a life which "renders them a disgrace to their own sex, and a curse and a scourge to ours." And it is a melancholy and de

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