States, are the only Siamese I have ever seen, and they bear the distinctive marks of the Malay race.

Dr. Betton, of Philadelphia, on visiting BIRMAH, found "the Birmese to belong to the same class of people with the Malays of the East Indies: the Malay character of the population commencing suddenly a few miles beyond the Eastern mouth of the Ganges. He regarded the Karens, however, as belonging to a different race;" and, from the descriptions and figures, they would appear to belong either to the White race or to the Mongolian.

MADAGASCAR.

During my recent visit to Zanzibar, I remarked, among the lower class of the population, four or five individuals who evidently belonged to the Malay race. Two of them were ascertained to be Ovahs from MADAGASCAR; or, as they were here termed, "Ambolambo from Bookin." They were held as slaves by the Arabs. One was a lad of sixteen years, "from Nos Bey," and the other a middle-aged woman; but having been both stolen when quite young, they could give no account of their native country. Their hair was very dense, and they exhibited other obvious marks of the unmixed Malayan. This resemblance was admitted by Europeans present; and it appeared, also, that the Arabs had remarked the identity in physical race of the Ambolambo and the East Indians.

The survey of the immense series of ocean migrations was here completed; the Malay race having been traced, by actual inspection, from the shores of America, through the Pacific and East Indian islands, to the immediate vicinity of Africa.

OTHER MALAYANS.

a

About two years previous to my visit to Zanzibar, " canoe, from the MALDIVE Islands, drifted near enough to the African coast to be picked up and brought in by a dow. There were several persons in it;" and Mr. Waters was first led to make inquiries respecting them from their peculiar personal appearance, and he termed them "Malay-looking people." Various interesting subjects being connected

with the question of the physical race of the Maldive islanders, I regret that I have nothing further to add to the published accounts, which are far from satisfactory.

Mr. Williams, of the American mission in China, found, on visiting CEYLON, a Malay expression of countenance among the Cingalese; a class of the population who, by their own account, are diminishing in numbers, in consequence of the Tamul people of the neighbouring continent coming among them. The canoes in Ceylon have outriggers;" a custom which seems derived from the East Indies. And it may also be observed that, judging by the descriptions of the Cingalese, the ambiguity, in respect to race, lies, as with the Maldive islanders, between the Malay and the White.

Among all the people of Hindostan who have passed under my own notice, one individual only offered some traces of Malay mixture,-a Lascar sailor, serving on board the Calcutta steam-boat. To return to Ceylon, I would here notice one source of confusion in the recent introduction of 66 a regiment of real Malays."

In Upper Egypt, Southern Arabia, and Western Hindostan, a large proportion of the population have the Malay complexion; moreover, the Bedouins of the vicinity of Mocha are often beardless, and have a good-natured expression of countenance; but I was unable, in any of these countries, to detect the physical Malay. It is true, certain individuals, by a change of costume, might perhaps have escaped my notice in the midst of a Malay population; but hardly, I think, the reverse. From Mocha there is direct communication with the East Indies, affording conveyance to pilgrims; and, indeed, I witnessed the arrival of an Arab ship from Batavia: but, in general, the "Malays" spoken of at Mocha, are White Muslims from the Malabar coast.

CHAPTER V.

THE AUSTRALIAN RACE.

THE Australian may be characterised in general terms, as having the complexion and features of the Negro, with hair in the place of wool.

On closer examination, however, other points of diversity are remarked; and I think it will be very generally found that the forehead does not recede as in the Negro, an unusually deep-sunk eye giving it rather the appearance of projecting. The eye, at the same time, though uniformly small, is uncommonly piercing. With regard to other races somewhat approximating in personal appearance, the genuine hair will at all times distinguish the Australian.

About thirty Australians came under my own observation, who neither had the lips so uniformly thick, nor the nose so much depressed, as in the Negro; but in certain instances both nose and mouth were wider. Some individuals were of surpassing ugliness; while others, contrary to all anticipation, had the face decidedly fine; and several of the young women had a very pleasing expression of countenance. The general form, though sometimes defective, seemed, on the average, better than that of the Negro; and I did not find the undue slenderness of limb which has been commonly attributed to the Australians. Strange as it may appear, I would refer to an Australian as the finest model of the human proportions I have ever met with; in muscular development combining perfect symmetry, activity, and strength; while his head might have compared with an antique bust of a philosopher.

The Australian complexion appeared to me fully as dark as that of the Negro; but I did not institute a critical comparison, neither did I see the two races in company. The hair seemed rather coarse, and instead of being perfectly straight was usually undulating, or even curling in ringlets.