APPENDIX. Organic remains discovered in the State of Tennneseee, by G. Troost, all of which are in his Cabinet. MOLUSCA. 1. Ostrea vesecularis, Brongt. var testa rostrata libra. From the calcareous marl near Purdy, M'Nairy county. Ostrea vesecularis is described under various names, and is referred to two genera. It was first made known as O. vesecularis, by Brongniart and Cuvier (Ossem. Foss. v. tab. 3 fig. A. D.) and was adopted under that name by Lamark (vi. p. 219.) Sowerby describes it as gryphæa dilatata (tab. 149.) and G. globosa (tab. 392.) Von Scholtenheim, under the name of gryphites truncatus. Morton under gryphæa mutabilis. As Brongniart has the priority, I adopt his name. One of my specimens has on its inferior valve a Pholas perhaps P. petricola; others are covered with reticulated zoophites. In some specimens the original structure of the shell has disappeared, and it has now a fibrous structure, the fibres running rectangularly with the surface of the shell. A similar structure is observed in the inocerama and in the trichite which are found in Europe in the oolite. 2. Ostrea vesicularis, testa truncata adhærens et auriculata. These specimens show more or less the truncation of the beak, and the greater or smaller extension of the lateral margin.. Same locality as the preceding. 3. Ostrea falcata? Mortion. It differs perhaps specifically from the O. falcata, and seems to be intermediate between O. falcata, and O. pectinata. Same locality. 4. Ostrea sandalina, Goldf. This ostrea corresponds with the description and figures in Goldfuss's work (Pl. lxxix. fig. 9,) but the species described by him occurs in the oolite formation, whereas ours occurs in the cretaceous marl and green sand in M'Nairy county. 5. Ostrea acutirostris, Nilson. 7. Ostrea lateralis, Nilson. Same locality. 8. Ostrea larva, Lamk. Same locality. 9. Gryphæa convexa, Say. Cretaceous marl and green sand-same locality. 10. Exogyra costata, Say. Same locality. This genus, according to Goldfuss, was introduced by Sowerby; I believe this is a mistake. Say first described the E. costata in Silliman's Journal. The species since introduced by Sowerby into this genus, were first described by him as chama. 11. Exogyra (not determined.) Same locality. 12. Eleven species of Cardium, (not determined.) These cardia all belong to the mountain limestone of Middle Tennessee; some of them occur also near Louisville Ky., one resembles 'more or less the cardium aliforme Sowerby, another the C. elongatum of the same author, another the C. gracile, Munster. 13. Terrebratula Wilsonii, Sowerby, This fossil characterizes an argillaceous limestone which is abundant on the western side of Tennessee river in Perry county, West Tennessee, which I consider as transition. It is associated with Calceola sandalina, Pentremites Reinwardii, nobis several Crinoidea, Terrebratula aspera and Trilobites. 14. Terebratula aspera, Schloth. Same locality-characterizes the same stratum. 15. Terebratula prisca, Schloth. Rare in the mountain limestone in Tennessee; abundant near the falls of the Ohio at Louisville. 16. Terrebratulu. More than fifty species, which I have not been able to determine for want of the proper books, no doubt but several of them will be found new-they all belong to the mountain limestone of Middle Tennessee and of the eastern part of the Western District of Tennessee. I found one of these terrebratula in the siliceous stratum, having the appearance of Tripoli mentioned in the report, (see page 17.). This stratum which is almost void of organic remains contains in a single spot several fossils, amongst which is this terrebratula, a Pinna Gorgonia antiqua and others. This stratum is below the coal measures. 17. Strophomenes rugoso, Raf. Mountain limestone Middle Tennessee (very abundant.) 18. Strophomenes. Six pieces not yet determined. I have several of the Strophomenes rugosa and other species, the valves of which are separated. I find the teeth similar to those of the terrebratula, the beak being perforated for a byssus, also the hinge similar in both. 19. Pinna, (not determined.) Siliceous stratum in Middle Tennessee. The specimens of rock in which these Pinna are imbedded contain also pens and hexagonal pieces of echini, also a fossil which resembles somewhat a Hiponice, and Gorgonia infundibuliformis. The Pinna is no where found in such low series of rocks, according to Goldfuss they begin to make their appearance in Keuper, Lias and Oolite where they are rare,they become more abundant in chalk and a few are found in the tertiary formation. I have no doubt, as I have already mentioned, that this siliceous stratum lies below the coal measures. 20. Calccola sandalina. Mountain limestone, Perry county. The two valves are very seldom found connected together. They ara mostly the lower valves I found two which had both valves well preserved. I am not certain whether this Calceola is the same as that described by the European Paleontologists-certainly the figures in the Dict. des Sc. Nat. and in Dict. d'Hist. Nat. do not resemble our fossil. 21. Producta depressa. Mountain limestone, and in a siliceous stratum in Perry county. This siliceous alternates with the encrinital limestone is characterized by Asaphus megalopthalmus nobis and other Trilobites; it contains also Calceola Sandalina, Pentremites, Reinwardii nobis, Terrebratula Wilsonii, and T. aspera. 22. Producta. Perhaps twenty different species not determined. From the mountain limestone, and siliceous stratum in Middle Tennessee and the eastern part of the Western District. 23. Spirifer cuspidatus, Sowerby. Encrinital stratum near the Harpeth river, Davidson county. 24. and 25. Pterinea, two species undetermined. Limestone in Perry county. These two species have all the generic characters of the Pterinea of Goldfuss, (Goldf. voi. ii. p. 133,) they are found on the western side of the Tennessee river in the places, there called glades, which are barren elevations, composed of an argillaceous limestone very susceptible of disintegration. They are associated with Calceola sandalina, Pentremites Reinwardii, Calimene Blumenbachii, several crinoidea and Zoophites. I always considered these strata as belonging to the superior part of the mountain limestone series; they are there covered by strata of the cretaceous group, which are characterised by Exogyra and several Ostrea similar to those of New Jersey. Now the genus Pterinea, according to Goldfuss is only found in grauwacke and transition limestone. "Die arten diezer gattung finden sich meistens nur als abdriucke and steinkerne in der grauwaucke, seltener mit der erhaltenen schale im uerbergangskalk." This circumstance would place the strata in Perry county lower than I am inclined to place them, I doubt also, whether the mineralogical character of this limestone entitles it to that geological situation. 26. Conotubularia Cuiverii, nobis. Mountain limestone near Nashville.. The species of this new genus whose internal annulated tubes, are generally called by the people petrified tails of rattlesnakes and of which more complete specimens, showing the edges of the curvated septa, have been described by Judge Haywood as remains of fish,* belong to the multilocular shells, approaching the orthoceratite. My *Judge Haywood says that it is on the authority of our much lamented friend Dr. Roane that he attributes it to fish, whereas Dr. Roane when he first showed him the fossil, told him that it resembled somewhat he bone of a fish, that it could not belong to any of the fish tribes, (communicated to me by Dr. R.) description of it has been published in the Memoirs de la Societe Geologique de France. 27. Conotubularia Goldfussii, nobis. Same locality. 28. Conotubularia Brongniartii, nobis. Same locality. 29. Belemnites? I have several multilocular shells which do not belong to the Orthocerate, but they approach much to belemnites as described at present, (see DeBlainville, Memoire sur les Belemnites, and Buckland's Bridgewater treatise on Belemnosepia. I have several other straight multilocular shells which will form perhaps some new genera. 39. Orthoceratites Defrancii, nobis. My description of this fossil is published in the memoirs of the geological society of France.. At the time when I wrote the description, I was not well acquainted with this fossil, having only very imperfect specimens, nor was I well acquainted with its geological relations.— Since that time I have frequently visited that locality, and have found specimens which still contain part of the original shell, which has confirmed me in the idea that it was not the Orthoceratite annulatus. (Sowerby,) as I suggested in that memoir, I therefore adopt the name of the distinguished Paleontologist Defrance, as proposed in my memoir, in case it should prove new. The specimen now before me shows very handsomely the syphon and the convexity of the septa, it is seven and a half inches in length and its largest diameter about two and a half, part of its shell is yet preserved, it is striated longitudinally, showing at the same time the edges of the lamina of which the shell is composed, which produce transversal striæ. It occurs in the upper strata of the mountain limestone which prevailed in Perry county, and which are visible near the Tennessee river. This limestone has an earthy aspect, an argillaceous smell and is composed according to my analysis, of Carbonate of lime, Earthy matter and water, 87 13 100 and is characterised by Calceola sandalina, Terrebratula Wilsonii, T. asper, Pentremites Reinwardii, Calimena Blumenbachii, several Crinoidea, Pterinea and other fossils, and this limestone is covered towards the west by ferruginous Sandstone, Marl and Green sand; and towards the east by the siliceous strata which contains the iron ore in Middle Tennessee. 31. Orthoceratite, (perhaps new.) Mountain limestone near Nashville. My specimen wants both its extremities-it is slightly conical, transversely somewhat eliptical. It is the largest of the kind that I have seen in Tennessee, though only a fragment, it is twenty inches long and five inches in diameter-the concavity of the septa is very considerable, so as to form a segment of a circle of three inches diami eter, they are about three fifths of an inch apart. I have not been able to ascertain the position of the syphon. 32. Orthoceratite, (several different kinds not determined.) All from the mountain limestone of Middle Tennessee. 33. Conilites capricornulus, nobis. Mountain limestone Davidson county. This fossil coincides with the description of the genus conilites as it is given by DeBlainville, (Manuel, p. 370) but it forms a new species. Shell conical, curvated like a horn and formed by a series of simple septa-a margo-dorsal syphon, placed immediately against the shell.The syphon is more or less extended between the septa. These septa are slightly concave. The transversal section is circular. 34. Conilites, (several species not determined.). Mountain limestone Davidson county. 35. Polycronites Haanii, nobis. Mountain limestone Harpeth ridge; also near Columbus Ohio. This is certainly the most magnificent multilocular shell known. I have long been acquainted with it and have described it in a mutilated state, it being only an internal cast. It is not an easy matter to give an intelligible description without a drawing of a fossil so singu larly constructed; suffice it therefore to say: Shell sub-cylindrical, more or less conical, bent slightly spirally upon itself, composed of truncated cones or bell shaped pieces with an extended, ample festooned border, inserted the one into the other, having a common axis through the whole shell. It is internally divided into a series of chambers, separated by single septa, which are externally concave and dorsally pierced by a simple syphon. The shell is very thin and it is probable that the animal partly enveloped it, because it would otherwise be difficult to conceive how these extenuated edges would have withstood the rolling of the waves; besides, as far as I have been able to determine from the imperfect specimens under my examination, there seems no fit habitation for the animal in the shell, it being entirely filled up by septa. It is very rare to find a specimen so well preserved as the one which has served for the figures, which will be published in the memoirs of the Geological Society of France. The che in my possession is, I believe the only one that exists in any collection, and it was by means of acids that I have partly detached it from the limestone in which it was imbedded; the shell being siliceous. It is 13 inches long and its diameter at its thinnest extremity is two inches, that of the other two and a quarter inches. As I observed above the P. Haanii occurs in the mountain limestone in Davidson county. I am indebted also to the politeness of Mr. Buchanan of Cincinnati for a specimen which was labelled ammonites imbricata in Lias, near Columbus Ohio. I am not acquainted with the geology of the vicinity of Columbus, but judging from some specimens of rock and organic remains which I have seen from that place I doubt very much whether the Lias exists there. It is wrong to place the Polycronites amongst the Ammonites. 36. Spirula Mortonii, nobis. |