a single altogether new character, or scarcely situation; we are
reminded of Love in a Village, The Rivals, and The Busybody, from
beginning to end, and yet it received and merited considerable ap-
plause. If it were not known that Mr POOLE has much attended to
French comedy, his felicity in this respect would prove it; for after
all, none have more successfully diversified the comic elements of
social life than our sprightly neighbours. When a man is succeeding
in one line, we know not if it be judicious to recommend a deviation
from it; but Mr POOLE may surely venture upon one five act comedy,
if only in the way of experiment, and to convince the world, that the
higher department of the sock, as to further production, is not abso-
lutely lost to the British drama, which at present seems to be pretty
much the case.-Verbum sap.
Q.

WEST INDIAN AFFAIRS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE MORNING CHRONICLE.

SIR,-As I have carefully perused the whole of the printed papers ordered by the House of Commons, in the case of Messrs Lecesne and Escoffery, who were banished from Jamaica by the Duke of Manchester, and have also seen a great deal of correspondence on the subject, can with safety declare, that there never occurred an instance of more unprovoked aggression and tyranny on the part of any Government, than that of the treatment received by the two innocent individuals in question. But the best way to bring this affair to your view, and that of your readers, in as concise a manner as possible, is to state the following facts, for the truth of which I pledge myself:In Jamaica there are forty thousand descendants of British subjects, called Free People of Colour;" they form the most industrious part of the community; the lower order of them are the artizans of the country, and others having had limited fortunes (according to an old regulation of the island), bequeathed to them by their European fathers, have succeeded, by mercantile and other means, to acquire considerable property, and many have arrived at wealth'; numbers have been educated in England; several at the University; the ranks of the militia are filled by them, where they are alone capable of filling the situation of non-commissioned officers; but, from all other situations of confidence or respectability, they are jealously excluded by those prejudiced Whites who have been their law makers and oppressors from time immemorial. The restrictions under which this numerous body are placed are so extravagantly absurd, that, were they not capable of very easy proof, your English readers would scarcely credit the fact.-Without any fault of their Own, the whole free coloured population of our West India Islands, amounting to more than one hundred thousand, are excluded from all civil rights, merely on account of their complexion; they are divided into four castes, -Mulattoes, Quadroons, Mestees, and Mestifines, as they approach pure European blood; and unless they can prove the fourth degree to this favoured distinction, they are legally considered outcasts, unworthy to mix in European society, and incapable of enjoying the rights and immunities of British subjects; none of them, notwithstanding character, education, and property, can exercise the elective franchise, sit on juries, vote at a vestry, or fill the most humble parochial situation; particular places are allotted to them in the church, the theatre, and the grave-yard; and any approach on their part to a pure white resident is not only considered a pollution but a crime!! Yet their money is considered as good as that of their insolent oppressors, for, on every occasion, they are taxed according to the amount of their property, and sometimes far beyond it, while at the same time, every avenue to honest and respectable competition is closed against them, every situation is filled by needy adventurers from England or America; so long as they are white they are acceptable, to the total exclusion of those individuals born in the country; and by these ridiculous laws, a white planter who is capable of bequeathing to his son 100,000/. cannot employ him (should the mother be a person of colour) even on his own estate, unless he pays a penalty to Government for such privilege.

The House of Assembly of Jamaica, which consists mostly of European adventurers, who have acquired property from having filled the lowest situations, seems inclined to perpetuate those hateful distinctions; they have invariably rejected the applications of the people of colour for a change; there has been no loss of excuses for throwing out their petitions; year after year the hackneyed observations of " innovation," "long prescription," and " political expediency," have been echoed in answer to their just and constitutional claims, until at last it was declared by the House of Assembly, "That the free people of colour had no right to civil immunities." The fact therefore is, that 40,000 of his Majesty's loyal subjects are now in Jamaica alone, in a state of the most abject degradation, virtually unrepresented in the Legislature, and in a situation only differing from actual slavery in not being subject to the infliction of the cart-whip:

It was under those circumstances they attempted, in 1823, to present a petition to the House of Assembly, couched in the most temperate and respectful terms; a committee of twenty-one of the principal individuals of their class were formed for the purpose of preparing this petition; and Mr Hector Mitchell, who was then an Alderman, a Magistrate, and Re

presentative in the House of Assembly, was solicited by the people of
colour to present and support their petition. Mr Mitchell received the
application with apparent candour, and gave them very strong assurances
of his support; and it was confidently believed that Mr Mitchell had
warmly espoused their cause; it was, however, soon discovered that he
was more inclined to counteract their hopes than to keep his promise, and
they consequently placed their petition in the hands of Mr Barrett. So
soon, however, as Mr Mitchell discovered this fact, be entered into open
hostility against the people of colour. The attempt of the proscribed.
class to gain a share in the rights of British subjects was soon tortured by
Mr Hector Mitchell into a treasonable and seditious conspiracy." He
cons over the names of the Committee, and among them he finds Lewis
C. Lecense and John Escoffery their names were foreign, and of course
they must be aliens; on these two individuals, therefore, Mr Hector'
Mitchell resolves to vent all his rage, and by crashing them, terrify the
rest from all further attempts at emancipation'; he immediately consults
with his friend, Mr Barnes, Mayor of Kingston; the two victims, Le-
cesne and Escoffery, were soon fixed upon, and they were denounced to.
the Government as aliens and disaffected characters. But it is necessary
here for the elucidation of subsequent events, to relate a circumstance,
connected with this Mr Barnes, which places him directly at issue with
Lecesne, and which will convince the public by what motives this Magis-,
trate was actuated. Lecesne's father was a French gentleman of respec-
tability, holding large property in St Domingo, who, on occasion of the re-
volation in that island in 1798, fled to Jamaica, where he was naturalized,
and became a British citizen. A law suit occurred between him and Mr.
Barnes, on a contested claim of 11,000l. which Mr Barnes refused to
pay the question was brought into Court, and decided in favour of
Barnes; but Mr Lecesne, confiding in the justice of bis cause, appealed
to this country-it was heard in Council before his present Majesty
(then Regent), and determined against Mr Barnes, who was obliged to
make good the sum. Lecesne soon after died, leaving his son sole execu-.
tor of his will, who has since been so much the object of persecution on
the part of this worthy Magistrate.

stated, to the Governor, on authority of which report Lecesne, and Escof-
This gentleman and Mr Hector Mitchell reports them, as I have above
fery were arrested, and lodged in the common jail of Kingston, where
they remained for eighteen days, until discharged by writ of Habeas
Corpus. The question leaving been solemnly argued in the Supreme:
Court, certificates of their birth and baptism having been produced, cor-
been borne to their characters in a petition signed by thirty of the princi
roborated by numerous affidavits, and most satisfactory testimony having
pal Merchants and Magistrates of Kingston, the three Judges of the
and as such entitled to their discharge. They were in consequence re-
Supreme Court unanimously declared them to be British-born subjects,
stored to their families, each having a wife and four children.

Mr Hector Mitchell, however, was by no means satisfied with this result; the House of Assembly met some time after; he moved for a Secret Committee, and contrived to get himself appointed Chairman; his friend, Mr Barnes, was also a Member (let it be remarked, that these were the two Magistrates who previously reported them as aliens and dangerous characters!). The Solicitor-General and Counsel employed against All the witnesses that were examined against them in Court were ques-, them before the Supreme Court, also formed part of this Secret Committee. tioned by the Committee, but not an individual was called in their favour.. A Report was made from this Committee to the Duke of Manchester, or at least the Duke's Secretary, Mr Bullock'; the consequence was, that a warrant was issued in the name of the Governor, and without giving them an opportunity of defending themselves, in direct contempt of the Grand Court's decision, those two unfortunate men were a second time dragged from their families, and hurried on board his Majesty's guard-ship Serapis. After being kept all night under sentries, they were transhipped to his Majesty's brig Helicon, then under weigh, the Commander of which informed them his instructions were so strict, that he could allow no communication with the shore, and they were thus prevented from the 'melan choly consolation of sending a letter by the pilot, to their heart-broken wives and children. In the Helicon, they were conveyed to St Domingo, where they were landed at Jacmel, and sent adrift in a strange and In justice to the memory foreign country, without friends or resources. of that bumane man and excellent officer, the late Captain Dawkins, who commanded the Helicon, it is right to observe, that his conduct towards them, during the eight days they were on board his ship, was the most humane and liberal. When that gentleman found that they really were' strangers in the island, he introduced them to Mr Frith, an English merchant at Jacmel, whose kindness to them does him infinite honour. After being sent to Port-au-Prince, they were examined before President Boyer, who dismissed them.

To the humanity and kindness of several British residents in St Domingo, they were indebted for on opportunity of coming to England to lay their grievances before Government; but what must have been their. astonishment to learn in the newspapers here, that after their deportation, from Jamaica, their names, particularly that of Lecesne, was connected, with an alleged insurrection of the negroes at Buff Bay, on which occasion three or four unfortunate creatures were executed on the evidence of

two runaway slaves, named Mack and Corberand, who are now in custody being at present sufficient food for the church cormorants. One half in the jail of Kingston, and who have since declared that all they asserted only, 15 or 20,0001. and that merely at 4 per Cent. (what Christian was a fabrication-one of those wretches, Corberand, swore that he re- moderation!) making 6001. or 8001. a year to be divided between two ceived guns and powder from Lecesne; and though it was evident that at Welsh parsons. But what is the use of all this? What is the end prothe period he swore to, that individual was in the island of St Domingo, posed to be attained? If churches, and parsons, and preaching, are of where he had been banished. The Government and Parliament of Eng any use, it must be to make men better. But are these 10,000 Welshmen, land should sift every circumstance connected with this pretended insur- who cannot speak English, a set of immoral, dishonest, violent, bloodrection at Buff Bay: the blood of those unfortunate negroes calls aloud for thirsty wretches? Oh, no; according to Bull's own account, they justice. are the best sort of people in the world. These are his very words:The system of expulsion from the island was not confined to Lecesne" Amidst all the robberies, the murders, the barbarities, the cruelties, and Escoffery; Milord and Thompson, two free black men, manumised which have been committed for the last fifty years in the great town of on the island (consequently British subjects), were sent off without any which has transpired, has been the act of a Welshman-not one!" Then Liverpool and its populous neighbourhood, not one crime of any nature, trial, since the banishment of Lecesne and Escoffery. When Mr Hector Mitchell found that there was a probability of Le- have been the acts of English men, who have all the benefit of clerical "all the robberies, the murders," &c. &c. which have been committed, cesne proceeding to England, he caused two of his slaves, Pierre and instruction. The Welshmen who had no churches, committed no crimes; Sanon, to be arrested, by whose exertions Lecesne's wife and children the English, who had plenty of churches, committed all the crimes;— were at that time supported; they were kept in jail, one for seven months therefore, the Welch stand in need of churches. Such cagent reasoning, and the other for ten, without any tangible charges against them, merely who can resist? According to the official returns laid before Parliament, for the purpose of torturing them into a confession that would criminate there is in England one person committed for trial in every 1483; in their master; the negro, Sanon, was confined for ten months in irons, and Wales, there is but one in every 6213; from which the inference is, that his brother Pierre to a cell appropriated for murderers and pirates under sen- in England crime is more abundant than in Wales, in the proportion of tence of death. Mr Mitchell has repeatedly sent for Pierre to the Court-more than four to one. Yet it is proverbial, that a Welsh living is but a house, and without the presence of a third person, has offered him consi- poor thing; no slight ground this for putting the English livings on the derable sums of money, in dollars and doubloons, which in the eyes of a same footing. Where the parsons are poorly paid, the people are moral; poor negro, was indeed a treasure; he also offered him his liberty; and where they are rolling in wealth, there is four times as much crime. promises of future support, if he would declare any circumstances that But when Bull laughs at general knowledge, and lays so much stress on would criminate his master. All his efforts were, however, fruitless; and that which is to be got at church; and when he says that few need be the poor honest negro was discharged by proclamation, after undergoing philosophers, but that all ought to be christians, does he know the seven months' confinement. The effects of the treatment he received, and intellectual acquirements of the 10,000 Welsh who have no churches, or the dampness of the cell in which he was confined, have emaciated the of the Welsh people generally? I should like to have correct informapoor fellow to a shadow, and will probably render him a cripple for life; tion on this point. he was kept one night in the stocks.

Mr Hector Mitchell may consider these serious charges-but they are true; let him contradict them if he can. I have Pierre to produce as a living testimony against him. I shall close this letter with the following quotation from a Jamaica paper of 1821 :

"December 4, 1821- House of Assembly. "MOTION-That the evidence of Hector Mitchell before the Committee, on the Petitions regarding the Custom house Officers' Fees, be expunged, as libellous on the character of the House, and highly derogatory to its dignity. Carried in the affirmative by a majority of 14." The above sentence was confirmed by his Majesty's Council in Jamaica. I have the honour to be, Sir,

London, Sept. 12, 1825.

Your obedient humble servant,
BRITANNICUS.

BLUNDERS OF THE "JOHN BULL."

TO THE EDITOR OF THE EXAMINER.

SIR,-In the John Bull of yesterday (which, with more truth than usual, and that is needless, may be justly called "a blundering Bull,") part of the leading article, the loudest roar the brute makes,--contains some of the stupidest remarks that surely were ever written. They are stupid, not only because their object is to ridicule the idea of imparting intellectual improvement to the middling classes of society, but because the remarks themselves furnish the strongest possible proof of the writer's own folly. When he fancied he was triumphantly showing the absurdity of teaching shopmen and mechanics Greek and mathematics, and proving the necessity of increasing Church preferment, he was clearly showing the direct contrary, and, like Porson's swimming pig, was cutting his

own throat.

I have not time to enter into a minute refutation of the whole article, nor is it worth the trouble; but the following passages are too good to be passed by without notice, because they not only refute themselves, but furnish important information in support of liberal principles. After sneering at the labours of those who are now striving to promote the diffusion of knowledge, the Bull roars thus:-"There are in Liverpool 20,000 Welsh people, half of whom understand no language but their own; and these 10,000 persons are left without a church to go to, [how shocking!] or service to attend in churches which at present exist." We are then informed, that some time since the King gave 500l. towards building a church, which munificent example has not been followed, and Bull therefore proposes, that the Corporation should be made to pay for a new Charter 30,0001. or 40,000l. with one half of which two sufficient churches might be built, " and the other moiety left in the hands of the Corporation, for which they should pay 4 per Cent. would constitute a fund wherewith TO PROVIDE CLERGYMEN to do the duty." Oh, the cloven foot! it will peep out, How this Bull discovered that there were in Liverpool 20,000 Welshmen, and that 10,000 of them could not speak English, I know not. It was a just observation of some great man, whose name I now forget, that round numbers are always false. If so, the Bull's statement is not much to be relied on; but passing this, may I ask how, and when, and to whom, the King gave his 5001. and what measures were taken or even proposed to induce any body else to do the like? Then what a modest proposal, to make the Corporation pay 30,000l. or 40,000l. to build two new churches, and establish two new livings, there not

bod am

In terrible agitation, Bull remarks, that if Ministers go on at the present rate, sanctioning the improvement of the people's minds," as sure as they breathe," the Constitution will be subverted. If for "Constitution” we read "the Church Establishment," it may be true, and I hope will be, though not so soon, I fear, as it ought. But what are we to understand by the Constitution?" If that hacknied word means anything, it means the Laws; and would it not be a very good thing if they were subverted, and a new and intelligible code promulgated? Is not their condition disgraceful to any civilized country? The Constitution consists, in great part, of rotten boroughs, hereditary legislators, a power in one man to neutralize by his veto all the wisdom there may happen to be in all the rest of the legislature (and who may perchance be fool enough to pledge himself by the sacred name of God, that he never will be wiser than he is at present, whatever knowledge he may live to acquire) courts of equity, alias iniquity, ecclesiastical courts, tithes, poor's rates, and an endless list of et cæteras ;-these form the Constitution, and shall we tremble at the idea of its subversion? If a man has an old house which is overrun with vermin, and full of all sorts of nuisances, does he not act wisely by pulling it down and rebuilding it? I will just fill up my sheet with one of Bull's minor blunders. After making sundry remarks on the proposed new street from Northum berland house to the British Museum, and suggesting divers improve ments in the neighbourhood of Bloomsbury square, he concludes thus:"An extensive market is also to be built on the site of the present nests of thievery and roguery at the bottom of Oxford street, and between that and Kirkman's brewery, which, from the vast increase of the neighbour hood, and the difference in the class of inhabitants, will become absolutely necessary." What will? The new market? or the nests of thievery? or the bottom of Oxford street? or Kirkman's brewery? The last is the only object in immediate connection with the relative pronoun, which, beyond all doubt, grammatically refers to "brewery," and that only. If this be meant, which can only be guessed at, I suppose we are to understand that the improvements in the neighbourhood will bring a great accession of genteel inhabitants, who that pink of fashion, the Public Defaulter, has the impudence to insinuate are greater drinkers of malt liquor than thieves and rogues and the lowest and worst of mankind. Why, it is not long since he told his readers, that to drink malt l.quor was a mark of vulgarity. Has the law been altered in that respect? Is champagne to give place to bottled ale and stout?—Yours truly, Monday, Sept. 12.

THE KING'S BENCH PRISON.

PHILOS

TO SIR C. ABBOTT, LORD CHIEF JUSTICE, &c. &c. "Terra salutiferas herbas eademque nocentes "Nutrit; et urticæ proxima sæpè rosa est."-OVID. "Our bane and physic the same earth bestows, "And near the noisome nettle blooms the rose."-ADDISON. MY LORD, We never observe without very melancholy reflections the misconduct of those who, from their rank and wealth, seem privileged from the common infelicities of life. When a debtor is first commited to this prison, he is entitled to have what is called a chummage; this chummage is a ticket given him by the head turnkey, or some other person appointed to that office by the Marshal, to go into such a room, and whether it be to a whole room, the half, or the third of a room, must entirely depend upon the number of prisoners within the walls, which,

His

as I stated in my first letter, amounts, on a ten years' average, from 500 to "On that day he sent for me about seven o'clock in the morn700, although the prison, from the number of rooms, is adapted to accom-ing, and asked me the usual question What is the news?' nodate not more than 226. The Marshal, however, in spite of the inade- bed was so placed that he could not see the town. I replied, that an quacy of such accommodation, thinks proper to augment it, inconvenient immense circle of fire surrounded the Kremlin. Napoleon replied, it is as it must necessarily prove to the prisoners, merely for the purpose of the effect, no doubt, of the imprudence of some soldiers, who have wished encreasing his already enormous income. He, in the first place, allows to make bread, or who have established their bivouac fires too near the the keeper of the coffee-room and tap four rooms from the main body of wooden houses. Then fixing his eyes on the ceiling, he preserved the prison, which he again lets to prisoners at a most exorbitant silence for some minutes. His countenance, which was before expressive charge. To some of the turnkeys are likewise given rooms, although of benevolence, assumed a terrific expression. He called his valets, they never reside within the walls, which are appropriated to the same Constant and Rustan, and rising precipitately from bed, shaved himself, nefarious purpose, and which constitutes one of the most odious and glar- and was dressed without saying a word, but in such ill temper, that ing abuses complained of. Why, my Lord, is this allowed? By what the Mameluke, who made a mistake in presenting him the left for the right does the humane and ever-consistent Mr Jones think proper to ap right boot, was shoved away with some violence by Napoleon. As he portion these rooms to persons not confined, who, converting them into a did not make his usual signal for me to retire, I remained nearly half an source of emolument, increase the expences and diminish the comforts hour. Other persons were then announced, and Napoleon went into of the prisoners, who are the only parties having any just claim? Besides, another room. (Signed) "MESTIVIER." it must be evident from this statement, that by such proceeding the re"I could also quote a note written by a person in the immediate sermaining part of the prison becomes much more crowded and unhealthy, vice of the Emperor, and who, by the nature of his employment, was and the difficulty of procuring a lodging enhanced; nay, rendered almost obliged to watch the variations in his health. This note proves, that on impossible, for in one instance where application was made to your lord- the day of the battle of Moskowa, Napoleon laboured under a nervous irship, two individuals, who were without the means of defraying common.ritation, which weakened both his bodily aud mental powers. But where expenses, (much less the exorbitant charge of the coffee-house keeper) is the necessity for further proofs? What is there astonishing in the must have been content to make the cold earth their pillow, as many circumstance, that a great man should bend beneath an affliction which have done before them, had it not been for your prompt and humane enchained his faculties? What injury does this do to his glory? As interference for Mr Jones disdained to reply to their repeated solici- to his moments of ill temper, even the nerves of Stoicism were not extations. In short, my Lord, every inquiry I make strengthens me in my empted from them, in spite of their pretensions. Cato, in a moment of determination" ad senatum referre." anger, struck his slaves; and what a man was Cato?-what force of I remain your Lordship's obedient servant, &c. mind!-what contempt of pain!—what magnanimous patriotism!”To Sir C. Abbott, &c. &c. T. B. D. Constitutionnel. * At two of the best coffee-houses in London, the Tavistock and Hummums, a bed may be procured for 3s. and this fellow charges 4s. 6d. Can such things be?

1

THE MARSHAL OF THE KING'S BENCH. SIR-In your paper of yesterday, was a letter addressed to Mr Buxton respecting the King's Bench Prison and the Marshal's income; which letter, however proper, is calculated to produce an unfavourable impression of the Marshal, who merely takes what is allowed by those above him, and is therefore perhaps hardly an object of personal blame for so doing, though the system ought certainly to be altered. Now, as I know that impartiality is both your motto and your practice, I think it right to refer you to an advertisement inserted by Mr Jones in the John Bull of yesterday, setting forth his account of the application of the money subscribed for the relief of two unfortunate young women, whose distresses Mr Jones pitied, and, by his praiseworthy exertions, has been the means of effectually relieving. This affair has done him much credit; and that part of his advertisement relating to the Insolvent Debtors' Court, requires your immediate notice, or your future vigilance, or both; and will, I doubt not, obtain it.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE EXAMINER.

In a second edition of the deservedly popular work of M. Segur, on the Campaign of 1812, he has brought forward proofs of certain statements made by him, which have been questioned. The following evidence in particular, as to the illness of Napoleon, will be deemed curious by our readers :

"M. Mestivier acted as physician to Napoleon during the campaign. M. Mestivier had been in Russia, whence he returned before 1812. The celebrated Corvisart presented him to Napoleon, who immediately took him into his own personal service. M. Mestivier was the medical officer on duty on the day of the battle of Moskowa. He even mounted on horseback to accompany Napoleon, when the latter proceeded in advance about 4 o'clock. The following bulletins will settle opinion as to the state of Buonaparte's health at that period:

"Sept. 5.-The Emperor sent for me this evening: Well Doctor,' said he to me, you see that I am growing old; my legs swell; I make water with difficulty; without any doubt the dampness of the bivouacs causes it, for I only live by the skin.""

"Night of Sept. 6th & 7th.-The Emperor is in the following condition: he has a continued and dry cough, his respiration is difficult and interrupted, his urine comes only in drops and with great pain; it is thick and full of sediment; the lower part of his legs and his feet sedematous, pulse hard, feverish and irregular. These serious symptoms give reason to dread a disposition to an organic disease." "This is the copy of the bulletin of Napoleon's health, on the night of September the 6th and 7th, 1812, as I have found it amongst my papers. I must add, that the stoppage of urine under which Napoleon laboured, did not completely disappear till the second day after his entrance into Moscow. "MESTIVIER, Physician to Napoleon in the Russian Campaign."

"Paris, Jan. 24, 1825.

It has been doubted whether or not the Kremlin was surrounded with flames when Napoleon resolved to leave Moscow. The following remarks of the same physician will shew the correctness of M. Segur's assertion

WHITEHALL CHAPEL."

TO THE EDItor of the EXAMINER.

SIR, I had always understood that, in this country, our churches and chapels were open to every one during divine service. I was, therefore, considerably surprised, yesterday morning, upon being positively refused admission to the chapel at Whitehall, because I had not on a white neckcloth Now, Sir, although it may be very proper that no one should be allowed to stand behind the bar of the House of Peers during its Session, in boots, and it might also be perfectly correct in a Master of the Ceremonies to deny me admission to a place of public entertainment, if improperly attired, yet I much question the right of any one to prohibit me (or even the poorest person in the land) from entering and continuing in a place of public worship, so long as my dress and behaviour were decent and proper.I am, Sir, your obedient servant, Sept. 12, 1825.

PUBLIC LECTURES.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE EXAMINER.

J. G. M.

SIR,-Knowing the interest you take in the success of all Establishments similar to the Mechanics" Institution, I wish to call your observation to some points in the arrangement of the Course of Lectures given at several of these Institutions, which appear to me deserving attention, trusting that my motive in so doing will not be attributed to personal feeling or a desire of censuring without reason, but to my anxiety that the purpose of these institutions should not be frustrated, namely, the Promulgation of Science on a Solid Foundation.

This can only be effected by demonstration, whereby the elements of knowledge are engrafted on the mind; after which the hidden secrets of nature can be explored with success, and real benefit to the student. I am induced to make these remarks from seeing the syllabus of a course of lectures, now delivering at the City of London Literary and Scientific Institution, at the Albion Hall, Moorgate, which is so similar in arrangement to the courses delivered at the London Mechanics' and Spital Fields Mechanics' Institution, that the remarks are equally applicable to all. The syllabus is arranged as follows:Two Lectures on Electricity One on Magnetism One on Optics

One on Hydrostatics and Hy-
draulics

One on Pneumatics
One on Mechanics
One on Steam Engines
One on Gas

One on Acoustics.

Here then we commence with the exhibition of a mass of facts in a branch of science, that from its nature does not admit of mathematical demonstration, and from no one point of which can we with certainty deduce another, containing so many anomalies, that even the most experienced and best-informed find themselves involved in doubt and perplexities which the longest and most accurate chain of reasoning will not always unravel; and whilst the Lecturer is dazzling the ignorant by expe riments which they cannot comprehend, and proceeding triumphantly amid the plaudits of his astonished auditors, the man of sense remarks with regret, that in the very onset of a course of lectures upon science popularity, instead of demonstration, is the object, and that the audience is to be amused rather than instructed.

In the succeeding lecture, not only is there a continuation of the same error, but, from the introduction of galvanic electricity, still greater dif ficulties occur, as the student is therein suddenly introduced to the de composition of water by galvanism, before he has any acquaintance

E. O'Reilly, Exmouth street, Spafields, agent. Solicitor, Mr Ledwich,
John street, Blackfriars road.

C. E. Butt, Bristol, grocer. Solicitors, Messrs Poole and Co. Gray's Inn
square.

D. Clark, Walsall, Stafford, draper. Solicitors, Messrs Perkins and
Frampton, Gray's Inn square.
J. De Barr, Gloucester, coach-maker. Solicitor, Mr a'Beckett, Golden
square.
T. Barrow, Liverpool, flour-dealer. Solicitor, Mr Chester, Staple Inn.
J. Jarman, Bath, haberdasher. Solicitor, Mr Makinson, Middle Temple.
D. Selden and W. Hynde, Liverpool, merchants. Solicitors, Messrs
Blackstock and Bunce, Temple.

W. Boosey, Colchester, grocer. Solicitor, Mr Stephens, Bedford row.
J. Morse, Daventry, Northampton, woolstapler. Solicitors, Messrs
Lodington and Hall, Serjeant's Inn, Fleet street.

THE FUNDS.—The fluctuation in British Stock during the week has been very trifling, and they may once more be said to have reached a sort of stationary prices. There is still a great scarcity of Money Stock. The Foreign Market is recovering from its money panic; but it is now discovered that private arrangements and compromise alone have prevented very extensive failures. Another such a settling day as the last would be utterly ruinous. The Stock Market is very flat, yet a new Mining Company is spoken of, in which transactions in regard to shares are taking place by anticipation:- -mere gambling, and nothing else. Latest quotations:Consols, 881

New 4 per Cents. 103

Consols for Account, 881

PRICES OF FOREIGN STOCKS YESTERDAY.

Austrian Bonds, 99

Brazilian Scrip, Acc. 7 dis.

Colombaan Bonds, 79

Ditto Account, 78

Ditto (1924) 77} {"

Ditto for Account, 77

Greek Bonds, 38 37

Ditto Scrip (1825) 171

Guatimala Scrip, Acc. 24

Mexican Bonds, 74 3
Ditto for Account, 74
Ditto Scrip (1825) 87 9 dis.
Ditto for Account, 8 dis.
Peruvian Bonds, 671
Spanish Consols, 21

Ditto for Account.21

Spanish Consols (1823) 16)

present, it is scarcely necessary to advert to strictures which may possibly have no foundation whatever.

From Spain we learn that the Trappist has been found dead in It is almost as dangerous to be his friend as his enemy. prison. FERDINAND very much resembles the Emperor TIBERIUS.

BOROUGH OF TAUNTON. Mr Alexander BariNG has just announced to the Electors of Taunton, that it is not his intention again to solicit the honour of representing them. "My motives (he says) for retiring, are altogether of a private and personal nature. The state of my health principally calls upon me to avoid a repetition of contests, which, although, through your indulgence, my own success has in no one instance been doubtful, require more exertion than at resent suits me." This determination of Mr Baring seems to have been known some time; for at a meeting of the Tory party held in Taunton several weeks back, Sir THOMAS LETHBRIGE made the following correct and eloquent remarks: Alexander Baring has gone a little too far beyond prudence in thus throwing unjust calumniations [unjust calumniations!] on those who have crossed the path of his sway. He should be the last man to talk of Borough interest; for it is well known that the Borough of Thetford in Norfolk, and Callington in Cornwall, are his, by the dint of his breeches pockets. He has acted like a prudent general certainly more prudent than our Gallant Friend on the right,-in securing a retreat in time; and if he should walk out of the Borough, which I verily believe he will, he can walk into his own."-Now as Sir THOMAS, though remarkable for his great wisdom, is not absolutely a prophet, it is pretty clear that he knew something of Mr Baring's intentions with regard to Taunton; to whose Electors he therefore adroitly introduced his two friends, General PEACHEY and Mr BAYLAY, who perhaps are to purchase from him that interest in the Borough which he wanted to sell to Mr Baring. These boroughmongers have as keen a scent for their own interest, as rats have for rotten cheese, and for the same sole end, their own selfish gratification. Now of the two sorts of vermin-namely, the rats and the boroughmongers-we confess we have least distaste to the greedy quadrupeds, for they cannot make canting speeches about "our glorious Constitution," "happy country," envy of surrounding nations," "beobject

loved Monarch," &c. which, knowing what a boroists will

All in us, writ of pois, are so supremely disgusting. We trust that the
be baffled at Taunton, in spite of their intrigues and their money.

The Editor has received a Subscription of One Guinea from FRANCES MARIA Hfor Mary Martin, whose unhappy Case was given in the Southwark Police Report, in our last paper.

C

K

THE EXAMINER.

LONDON, SEPTEMBER 18, 1825.

WE last week adverted to the arrival of a letter from Sincapore,

Mr Alexander Baring having stated, in a letter to Sir Thomas Lethbridge, that the address to the Electors of Taunton, which was so severely commented upon, was published without his knowledge, General Peachey and Mr Baylay have, in consequence, publicly stated, that the strong expressions used by them in reference to it are not applicable to Mr Baring.

We see by the Dublin papers, that Messrs SPRING RICE and C. H. HUTCHINSON have both been paying visits sits in Ireland, and that and that they have been received by the people with bonfires and other marks of cordial and does credit to all parties; for it is clear that the approbation

stating the capture of the Burmese Capital. The past week has attachment. This is as it should be is as disinterested and patriotic as

brought arrivals from Calcutta, which, not carrying the accounts down to the dates mentioned in that letter, leave it verbally uncontradicted, but virtually, we apprehend, the substance of the official intelligence leaves it very little credit. The dispatches from Sir ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL reach to the 23rd February, at which time he had advanced without opposition to Laïng, between 60 and 70 miles forward from Rangoon. The army in their progress had met with little or no resistance; but it is expected that on reaching Prome, a great force will be opposed to it, troops and war-boats having been collecting there for some time before. Previously to commencing his march, Sir ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL had issued a proclamation to the Birmans, stating its origin in the injustice and violence of their Sovereign. In Arracan, the movement of our force is comparatively slow, and at Cachar, the army had been altogether impeded by the wild nature of the country. From these accounts it will be perceived, that this war is still of a very dilatory and doubtful character, and according to private letters from Calcutta, the notions entertained of it there are correspondent. In fact, its duration alone is a considerable evil; and what is still worse, success, if attained, will be almost as embarrassing as defeat.

the conduct which has called it forth. Would to God that the unhappy people of Ireland had in Parliament many such earnest and honest

advocates!

1

Mr Denman, on Tuesday night last, gave as his opinion that there would be no dissolution of Parliament this fall, and such, he said, was the opinion of the Duke of Sussex; but he acknowledged that there were other good personis of opposite sentiments, particularly since the unexpected return to London of Lord Liverpool. We ought to notice that the Duke of Sussex has been for some time on a visit at Col. Wildman's at Newstead Abbey, Nottinghamshire, the late seat of Lord Byron, where Mr Denman has also been a sojourner.-Stamford News. IRELAND AND AMERICA.—Mr. O'DRISCOLL, in his Review of the evidence given to Parliament, puts the following striking questionsWere not the Americans as attached to the connexion as the Irish are! Was not the connexion as useful and as necessary to them? Have the Irish cooler feelings, or are they less sensible to injury and insult?-But the Irish (he adds) are near; and they are divided-here is the mystery of all the ill-usage they suffer. It is true-they are near, and they are divided. But it is true also that the Americans had still greater disadvantages to contend with. Were we of the class of separatists, we should by no means despair-nay, with Lord Liverpool at the head of his Majesty's Government, we should in a few years look for complete success, though we give the Noble Lord credit for as anxious a wish to preserve the connexion as any one can entertain. The Americans contended that, not sitting in Parliament, they ought not to be taxed; the Irish insist, that being taxed as others, they have a right to sit in Parlia ment. This is the whole of the matter, and the amount of the distinction in the two cases."

The German papers abound with accounts of the repulse of the Turks before Missolunghi; and although some exaggeration is tolerably evident, their loss has probably been very great. The French journals assert that a proposition has been made by the Greek Government to our Commodore HAMILTON, offering the Morea to English protection, on a plan similar to the political arrangement of the Ionian Isles, That something of the kind may have been thought of, in the Reported Duel.-The New Times contains a letter from Chester, present state of apprehension, is not unlikely; but the French Jour-giving an account of a duel between Lord Belgrave and a nameless Trish nálists are all in a flame at the idea. Such a monstrous scheme, they Nobleman, who, the account says, grossly insulted the two Ladies Grey at Eaton Hall, the seat of Earl Grosvenor, Lord B.'s father. Lord Bel say, was never thought of. Consistent enough this, from a nation grave, it adds, was wounded, and so was the Irish Nobleman, the latter, which has virtually taken possession of Spain! Great Britain will, we dangerously, in the abdomen.-It is suspected that this letter is " presume, pay little attention to this proposal, if made, unless Russia Hoax," for which sort of joke the people of Chester are said to be much should move in another quarter; but so vague is the statement at given.