Elements of Agricultural Chemistry and GeologyWiley and Putnam, 1842 - 249 páginas Elements of Agricultural Chemistry and Geology by James Finlay Weir Johnston, first published in 1842, is a rare manuscript, the original residing in one of the great libraries of the world. This book is a reproduction of that original, which has been scanned and cleaned by state-of-the-art publishing tools for better readability and enhanced appreciation. Restoration Editors' mission is to bring long out of print manuscripts back to life. Some smudges, annotations or unclear text may still exist, due to permanent damage to the original work. We believe the literary significance of the text justifies offering this reproduction, allowing a new generation to appreciate it. |
Outras edições - Ver tudo
Elements of Agricultural Chemistry and Geology James Finlay Weir Johnston Visualização integral - 1842 |
Elements of Agricultural Chemistry and Geology James Finlay Weir Johnston Visualização integral - 1842 |
Elements of Agricultural Chemistry and Geology James Finlay Weir Johnston Visualização integral - 1851 |
Palavras e frases frequentes
abundance acre agricultural alumina ammonia animal substances arable barley burned carbonic acid cent chalk charcoal chemical Chemistry and Geology chiefly clover compost compounds consists constitution contain corn crops decay districts drains dung earthy matter effect farm-yard manure farmer felspar fermented fertile gluten gradually grain granites grass green green manuring grow growth gypsum Hence hornblende hydrogen improvement inorganic food inorganic matter land leaf leaves less lime limestone liquid manure magnesia marl mixture natural nitrate nitric acid nitrogen nourishing numbers nure oats organic oxygen pasture peat phosphoric acid plough portion potash potatoes practical present produce properties proportion quantity quicklime rains readily rich saline saline matter sand sandstones sandy SECTION seed silica soda soil solid soluble starch stratified rocks subsoil sugar sulphate sulphur supply surface tain tion turnip ulmic varies VEGETABLE MANURES vegetable matter weight wheat wheat straw woody fibre yield
Passagens conhecidas
Página 34 - When a seed is committed to the earth, if the warmth and moisture are favorable it begins to sprout. It pushes a shoot upwards, it thrusts a root downwards ; but until the leaf expands and the root has fairly entered the soil, the young plant derives no nourishment other than water, either from the earth or from the air. It lives on the starch and gluten contained in the seed.
Página 71 - the general result of the comparison of the soils of various districts with the rocks on which they immediately rest, has been that in almost every country the soils have as close a resemblance to the rocks beneath them, as the loose earth derived from the crumbling of a rock before our eyes bears to the rock of which it lately formed a part." The conclusion, therefore, is irresistible, that soils, generally speaking, have been formed by the crumbling or decay of the solid rocks — that there was...
Página 38 - Ib. - - 371 - - 87£ of ulmic acid. 501b. - - 78* - - 122it 5011). 56 106 of vinegar. In the interior of the plant, therefore, it is obvious that, whichever of these substances be present in the sap, the elements are at hand out of which any of the others may be produced. In what way they really are produced, the one from the other, and by what circumstances these transformations are favoured, it would lead into too great detail to attempt here to explain. (For fuller and more precise explanations...
Página 56 - ... such as to make a sensible diminution in the valued rental. Such slow changes, however, have been seldom recorded; and hence the practical man is occasionally led to despise the clearest theoretical principles, because he has not happened to see them verified in his own limited experience, and to neglect, therefore, the suggestions and the wise precautions which these principles lay before him. General illustrations of this sure, slow decay may be met with in the agricultural history of almost...
Página 24 - Where thunder-storms are frequent, much nitric acid must he produced in this way in the air. It is washed down by the rains, in which it has frequently been detected, and thus reaches the soil, where it produces one or other of the nitrates above mentioned. " It has been long observed that those parts of India are the most fertile in which saltpetre exists in the soil in the greatest abundance. Nitrate of soda, also, in this country, has been found wonderfully to promote vegetation in many localities;...
Página 33 - ... in perpetual motion through an ever-moving air, and thus by the conjoined labours of millions of pores the substance of whole forests of solid wood is slowly extracted from the fleeting winds.
Página 32 - But the latter process does not go on so rapidly as the former ; so that, on the whole, plants when growing gain a large portion of carbon from the air.
Página 1 - The object of a practical farmer is to raise from a given extent of land the largest quantity of the most valuable produce at the least cost, in the shortest period of time, and with the least permanent injury to the land.
Página 31 - It is not so obvious that the leaves spread out their broad surfaces into the air for the same purpose precisely as that for which the roots diffuse their fibres through the soil. The only difference is, that while the roots suck in chiefly liquid, the leaves inhale almost solely gaseous food. In the sunshine, the leaves are continually absorbing carbonic acid from the air and giving off oxygen gas.
Página 60 - ... from the soil, and which, if not thus directly supplied, must be sought for by the slow extension of their roots through a greater depth and breadth of the earth in which they grow. The addition of manure to the soil, therefore, places within the easy reach of the roots, not only organic, but also inorganic food.