agating their doctrines by the sword." If there be any force in this remark (which seems to be a favourite one) it is because the persecuting conduct of these nations was the legitimate and necessary consequence of the doctrine in question. But why might they not have considered themselves as under indispensable obligation to impart the means of Christian knowledge, without being obliged to follow it with persecution? Does it follow, because they were not obliged to extend their religious principles by the sword, that we are not obliged to extend ours without the sword?

Many things are said on the impolicy of Dr. Buchanan's visit to the Syrian Christians, and that of Dr. Kerr to the Malabar coast. It seems to have given this writer serious offence, that the Governor of Madras should have given the epithet "important" to an inquiry relating to Christianity. (p. xxix.) He calls it "the most trifling of all possible subjects connected with the welfare of our oriental empire. (p. xxxiii.) He speaks of this empire as being "conquered by British valour." (p. xl.) God and religion, therefore, it should seem, can have nothing to do with it. No, let the Missionaries go to Africa, to the South Sea Islands, or to the wilds of America; but let them not come hither! O thou seer, go, flee thee away into the land of Judah, and there eat bread, and prophesy there but prophesy not again any more at Bethel : for it is the king's chapel, and it is the king's court.* Yet this gentleman would be thought, after all, to be a Christian, and "trusts it will not be imputed to indifference for the eternal welfare of the people of India," that he advises what he does!

But as Dr. Buchanan, and Dr. Kerr, if they judge it necessary, are able to vindicate themselves, I shall confine my replies to those particulars which more immediately concern me. Many things are said against "the English, and especially the Baptist Missionaries." Such, indeed is the quantity of misrepresentation contained in these few pages, that to correct it, it is often necessary to contradict every sentence. On this account, the reader must frequently dispense with the ordinary forms of quoting

* Amós vii. 12, 13.

and answering and consider those paragraphs which are marked with reversed commas, as the words of Major Scott Waring, and those which are not as the answers to them. I do not accuse my opponent of wilful errors; but if he be clear of them his information must be extremely incorrect.

"We have now a great number of Sectarian Missionaries spread over every part of India." (p. xii.) Those whom Major Scott Waring is pleased to honour with this appellation, may amount to fifteen or sixteen, the greater part of whom reside at Serampore, near Calcutta, directly under the eye of the supreme government. "Mr. Carey, the head of the Baptist Mission in Bengal, and his assistant Missionaries have been employed, since the year 1804, in translating the scriptures into the various languages of India." It may have been from that period that the work of translating bas been conducted on so extensive a scale; but for many years before that time Mr. Carey was engaged in the same undertaking. An edition of the New Testament in Bengalee, was printed at Serampore in 1801, a copy of which is now in his Majesty's library. "Mr. Carey is employed in translating the scriptures into the Chinese language." (p. xv.) The Chinese translation is not the work of Mr. Carey, but of Mr. Johannes Lassar, a learned Arminian Christian, with other assistants. "As the different parts are translated, they are printed, as I understand at the Company's press, attached to the College at Calcutta." If this were true, while no man is forced to read them, no danger could arise from it but there is very little, if any, truth in it. The translations of the Missionaries have been printed at Serampore. "Specimens of these translations have been sent home by the provost." It seems, then, that they were not engaged in any thing of which they were ashamed. "The natives of India, cannot be ignorant of these novel and extraordinary proceedings :"-Especially while their most learned Pundits assist in the work. "They can form

no other conclusion than this, that if we cannot persuade, we shall compel them to embrace Christianity." So long as no compulsion is used towards them, they have more sense than to draw such conclusions, or even to believe them when drawn for them by others, whom they consider as men of no religion.

In 1781, when it was the fixed principle of the Legislature, that we ought never to interfere with the religion, laws, or native customs of the people of India, a proposition for free-schools and Christian Missionaries could not have been listened to." (p. xiii.) There never was a period, since the British have had footing in India, in which either free-schools, or Christian Missionaries were considered as an interference with the religious opinions of the natives. If they were, why were Schwartz and his cotemporaries tolerated? The truth is, the term "interference" has been adopted in this controversy to answer an end, and the idea which our adversaries endeavour to attach to it is altogether novel. "The late Bishop of St. Asaph, a sound and orthodox divine, and one of the main pillars of our good old Church of England, deprecated all such interference." He did so; and Major Scott Waring, with his men of sense, observation and character, has, doubtless, in his Lordship's decease, lost an able advocate. "The command of our Saviour to his apostles, to preach the gospel to all nations, did not, as he conceived, apply to us--and his opinion in 1781, was universal," Major Scott Waring may know that this was the opinion of the late Bishop of St. Asaph; but he knows very little indeed of what were the opinions of the Christian world. "Since that period many very worthy and good men are of opinion, that, as Christians, it is incumbent upon us to spread the Christian religion as widely as we possibly can; and highly, indeed, do I applaud their zeal, when it is exercised in countries where we have no political power." Whatever charges we may exhibit against Major Scott Waring, we cannot accuse him of not speaking out.

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"I do not exactly know what are Baptist Missionaries. I believe they may be classed with Calvinistic Methodists, to distinguish them from the Arminian Methodists." (p. xv.) We can excuse the author's ignorance on this subject but when he tells us, in the same page, that there are spread over India, Baptist Missionaries, Arminian Methodists, and United Brethren Missionaries," &c. &c. we see ignorance combined with something worse. The Arminian Methodists have no mission in India, and never had. The United Brethren have formerly had one at Serampore ; but, I

believe at present, they have none. Before this gentleman writes again, he would do well to consider the justness of a remark made by himself, and to apply it to other subjects, as well as politics" "In discussing political questions, a certain degree of acquaintance with the subject is supposed to be requisite." (p. 38.)

"I am assured by gentlemen lately returned from India, that notwithstanding the very great increase of Missionaries of late years the case is not changed since my time; that they have not made a single Mahomedan convert, and that the few Hindoos who have been converted, were men of the most despicable character, who had lost their casts, and took up a new religion because they were excommunicated." (p. xlii.) I presume these gentlemen lately returned from India, are the same persons whom this writer else where denominates men of sense, observation, and character. The reader will now be able to judge of the value of these boast ed authorities. EVERY PARTICULAR IN THIS PARAGRAPH IS FALSE. There has been no such great increase of Missionaries of late years, as is pretended. There are Mahometans as well as Hindoos, who have been baptised. Out of more than eighty natives, who had been baptised, before May 25, 1806, only three had previously lost cast, eight were brahmans, and seven Mahometans. The whole number which had been excluded for immoral conduct, might amount to eight or nine. As nearly as I can make it out, the above is a true statement. The reader may see a list of the baptised down to Nov. 1804, in No. XV. Periodical Accounts. (Pref. p. xiv.) I can assure him, that the Missionaries might have had more proselytes than they have, if they would have received such characters as these men report them to have received; but their object is to make converts to Christ, and not proselytes to themselves. Indeed, so little are the assertions of this writer to be regarded, with respect to the character of the native converts, that it would be the easiest thing imaginable directly to confront them by the testimony of competent witnesses. Mr. J. Fernandez, a gentleman who came from India, early in 1806, and who is now with Dr. Ryland at Bristol, makes the following declaration"There are several Mahomedan converts among the Missionaries, and some very respectable Hindoos who have embraced ChrisVOL. III.

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tianity. To the best of my recollection, there are but two at Serampore who had previously lost cast: these had been for a long time reckoned Portuguese, and were not in worse circumstances than other people. Some of the highest class of brahmans have, to my knowledge, embraced the gospel, whom the natives call Mookoorja, Chattirja, Barridja," &c. As to what is said of their non-success, either by Major Scott Warring, or the gentlemen lately returned from India, I appeal to the common sense of mankind, whether, if they themselves believed what they say, they would raise such an opposition as they do. They tell us the natives are alarmed; but the alarm is with themselves. It is somewhat remarkable, that Infidelity, which has of late years threatened to swallow up Christianity, should in so short a time be alarmed for itself, and for its Pagan and Mahometan allies. A small detachment from the Christian army, clad in the armour of God, and operating as in a way of diversion, has caused their host to tremble, and to cry out to the civil powers to assist them by recalling these men !

This gentleman is sufficiently aware of the prejudice which exists against Protestant Dissenters, and knows how to avail himself of it. He can condescend to call the Missionaries sectaries and schismatics. (pp. xliii-xlv.) And would he have liked them better if they had been Churchmen? No, for he speaks of certain gentlemen, as "classed under that description of our clergy who are termed evangelical," and of their being all for "converting the Hindoos to Christianity." (p. xv.) Clergymen of this description are, in his account, as bad as sectaries and schismatics. The truth is, it is as Christians that we incur his displeasure; only he judges it prudent to attack us under other names.

But these Missionaries are also represented as 66 illiterate, ignorant, and as enthusiastic as the wildest devotees among the Hindoos." (p. xliv.) The following extract from the speech of Sir George Barlow, published in a Calcutta Gazette Extraordinary, on Saturday, March 8, 1806, will prove that all men are not of Major Scott Waring's opinion. "I have received with great satisfaction, the information, that, under the patronage of the Asiatic Society, the society of Protestant Missionaries at the Danish settle