On the whole, however, he acknowledges, they were deserving of commendation, for the improvements they had introduced, in the treatment, both of the inoculated and natural small-pox. His next work, the most considerable one written by him, was "Chirurgical Cases and Observations," published in 1773, in 2 vols. 8vo. Though there are much judicious practice, and many valuable observations contained in these volumes, yet they did not answer the expectations of the public, or correspond to the fame and credit the author had obtained: accordingly in the following year they were attacked by an anonymous writer, said to be Mr. Justamond, in a pamphlet, entitled "Notes on Chirurgical Cases and Observations, by a Professor of Surgery." The strictures contained in these notes are keen and ingenious, and, though evidently the produce of ill-humour, yet seem to have had the effect of preventing so general a diffusion of the cases, as the character of the author would otherwise have procured them. They have never been reprinted. About this time the author took a spacious mansion in Chelsea park, which he enlarged, altered, and furnished in an elegant style. Hither he retired, after doing his business, which he began gradually to contract into a narrower circle. With that view, a few years after, he gave up his situation as surgeon to the Lock hospital. His other appointments he kept to the time of his death, which happened on the 24th of November, 1792, in the 80th year of his age.1

BROMLEY (JOHN), an English clergyman, was a native of Shropshire, but where educated is not known. In the beginning of king James II.'s reign he was curate of St. Giles's in the Fields, London, but afterwards turned Roman catholic, and was employed as a corrector of the press in the king's printing-house, which afforded him a com-fortable subsistence. When obliged to quit that, after the revolution, he undertook a boarding-school for the instruction of young gentlemen, some of whom being the sons of opulent persons, this employment proved very beneficial, His biographer informs us that Pope, the celebrated poet, was one of his pupils. He afterwards travelled abroad with some young gentlemen, as tutor, but retired at last to his own country, where he died Jan. 10, 1717. He published

only a translation of the "Catechism of the Council of Trent," Lond. 1687, 8vo.1

BROMPTON (JOHN) was a Cistercian monk, and abbot of Jorevall, or Jerevall, in Richmondshire. The "Chronicon" that goes under his name begins at the year 588, when Augustin the monk came into England, and is carried on to the death of king Richard I. anno domini 1198. This chronicle, Selden says, does not belong to the person whose name it goes under, and that John Brompton the abbot did only procure it for his monastery of Jorevall. But whoever was the author, it is certain he lived after the beginning of the reign of Edward III. as appears by his digressive relation of the contract between Joan, king Edward's sister, and David, afterwards king of Scots. This historian has borrowed pretty freely from Hoveden. His chronicle is printed in the "Decem Script. Hist. Angliæ," Lond. 1652, fol.2

BRONCHORST (JOHN), of Nimeguen, where he was born in 1494, and therefore sometimes called NOVIOMAGUS, was an eminent mathematician of the sixteenth century, and rector of the school of Daventer, and afterwards professor of mathematics at Rostock. He died at Cologne in 1570. Saxius says that he was first of Rostock, then of Cologne, and lastly of Daventer, which appears to be probable from the dates of his writings. He wrote, 1. " Scholia in Dialecticam Georgii Trapezuntii," Cologne and Leyden, 1537, 8vo. 2. "Arithmetica," ibid. and Paris, 1539. 3. "De Astrolabii compositione," Cologne, 1533, 8vo. 4. “Urbis Pictaviensis (Poitiers) tumultus, ejusque Restitutio," an elegiac poem, Pictav. 1562, 4to. 5. "Ven. Bedæ de sex mundi ætatibus," with scholia, and a continuation to the 26th of Charles V. Cologne, 1537. He also translated from the Greek, Ptolomy's Geography. 3

BRONCHORST (EVERARD), son of the preceding, was born at Daventer in 1554, and became one of the most celebrated lawyers in the Netherlands. He studied at Cologne, Erfurt, Marpurg, Wittemberg, and Basil, at which last place he took his doctor's degree in 1579. He afterwards taught law at Wittemberg for a year, and at Erfurt for two years, and returned then to his own country, where

he was appointed burgomaster of Daventer in 1586, and the year following professor at Leyden, where he died May 27, 1627. His principal works were: 1. “Centuriæ et conciliationes earundem controversiarum juris, Cent. II." 1621. 2. "Methodus Feudorum," Leyden, 8vo. "Aphorismi politici," first collected by Lambert Danæus, and enlarged by Bronchorst, probably a good book, as it was prohibited at Rome in 1646.1

3.

BRONZERIO (JOHN-JEROM), an Italian physician, was born of wealthy parents, in Abadia, near Rovigo, in the Venetian territory, in 1577. After making great progress in the study of the belles lettres, philosophy, and astronomy, he was sent to Padua, where he was initiated into the knowledge of medicine and anatomy, and in 1597, was made doctor. He now went to Venice, where he practised medicine to the time of his death, in 1630. His publications are, "De innato calido, et naturali spiritu, in quo pro veritate rei Galeni doctrina defenditur," 1626, 4to; "Disputatio de Principatu Hepatis ex Anatome Lampetræ," Patav. 4to. Though from dissecting the liver of this animal he was satisfied the blood did not acquire its red colour there, yet he did not choose to oppose the doctrine of Galen. His observation, however, was probably not lost, but led the way to a more complete discovery of the fact, by subsequent anatomists. He published also, " De Principio Effectivo Semini insito.” o

BRONZINO. See ALLORI.

BROOKE (FRANCES), whose maiden name was Moore, was the daughter of a clergyman, and the wife of the rev. John Brooke, rector of Colney in Norfolk, of St. Augustine in the city of Norwich, and chaplain to the garrison of Quebec. She was as remarkable for her gentleness and suavity of manners as for her literary talents. Her husband died on the 21st of January 1789, and she herself expired on the 26th of the same month, at Sleaford, where she had retired to the house of her son, now rector of Folkingham in Lincolnshire. Her disorder was a spasmodic complaint. The first literary performance we know of her writing was the "Old Maid," a periodical work, begun November 15, 1755, and continued every Saturday until about the end of July 1756. These papers have since been collected into one volume 12mo. In the same year (1756) she published "Virginia," a tragedy, with odes, pastorals, and translations, 8vo. In the preface to this publication she assigns as a reason for its appearance, " that she was precluded from all hopes of ever seeing the tragedy brought upon the stage, by there having been two so lately on the same subject." -" If hers," she adds, "should be found to have any greater resemblance to the two represented, than the sameness of the story made unavoidable, of which she is not conscious, it must have been accidental on her side, as there are many persons of very distinguished rank and unquestionable veracity, who saw hers in manuscript before the others appeared, and will witness for her, that she has taken no advantage of having seen them. She must here do Mr. Crisp the justice to say, that any resemblance must have been equally accidental on his part, as he neither did, nor could see her Virginia before his own was played; Mr. Garrick having declined reading hers till Mr. Crisp's was published." Prefixed to this publication were proposals for printing by subscription a poetical translation, with notes, of il Pastor Fido, a work which probably was never completed.

In 1763 she published a novel, entitled, "The History of Lady Julia Mandeville," concerning the plan of which there were various opinions, though of the execution there seems to have been but one. It was read with much avidity and general approbation. It has been often, however, wished that the catastrophe had been less melancholy; and of the propriety of this opinion the authoress herself is said to have been satisfied, but did not choose to make the alteration. In the same year she published "Letters from Juliet lady Catesby to her friend lady Henrietta Campley," translated from the French, 12mo. She soon afterwards went to Canada with her husband, who was chaplain to the garrison at Quebec; and there saw those romantic scenes so admirably painted in her next work, entitled, "The History of Emily Montagu," 1769, 4 vols. 12mo. The next year she published "Memoirs of the Marquis of St. Forlaix," in 4 vols. 12mo. On her return to England accident brought her acquainted with Mrs. Yates, and an intimacy was formed between them which lasted as long as that lady lived; and when she died, Mrs. Brooke did honour to her memory by a eulogium printed in the Gentleman's Magazine. If we are not mistaken, Mrs. Brooke had with Mrs. Yates for a time some share in the opera-house. She certainly had some share of the libellous abuse which the management of that theatre during the above period gave birth to. We have already seen that her first play had been refused by Mr. Garrick. After the lapse of several years she was willing once more to try her fortune at the theatre, and probably relying on the influence of Mrs. Yates to obtain its representation, produced a tragedy which had not the good fortune to please the manager. He therefore rejected it; and by that means excited the resentment of the authoress so much that she took a severe revenge on him in a novel published in 1777, entitled the "Excursion," in 2 vols. 12mo. It is not certainly known whether this rejected tragedy is or is not the same as was afterwards acted at Covent-garden. If it was, it will furnish no impeachment of Mr. Garrick's judgment. It ought, however, to be added, that our authoress, as is said, thought her invective too severe; lamented and retracted it. In 1771 she translated "Elements of the History of England, from the invasion of the Romans to the reign of George II. from the abbé Millot," in 4 vols. 12mo. In January 1781, the "Siege of Sinope," a tragedy, was acted at Coventgarden. This piece added but little to her reputation, though the principal characters were well supported by Mr. Henderson and Mrs. Yates. It went nine nights, but never became popular; it wanted energy, and had not much originality; there was little to disapprove, but nothing to admire. Her next and most popular performance was "Rosina," acted at Covent-garden in December 1782. This she presented to Mr. Harris, and few pieces have been equally successful. The simplicity of the story, the elegance of the words, and the excellence of the music, promise a long duration to this drama. Her concluding work was "Marian," acted 1788 at Covent-garden with some success, but very much inferior to Rosina.1

BROOKE (HENRY), an amiable and ingenious writer, was a native of Ireland, where he was born in the year 1706. His father, the rev. William Brooke of Rantavan, rector of the parishes of Killinkare, Mullough, Mybullough, and Licowie, is said to have been a man of grent talents and

From our last edition. Gent. Mag. vol. LIX.-Biog. Dram.-Nichols's Life of Bowyer. VOL. VII.

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