110. Conjugation of the irregular and intransitive verb BE. NOTE. In the Common Style, this verb is varied, on account of the person or number of its subject, only in the present, past, and perfect tenses of the Indicative mood. PRINCIPAL PARTS. Present am or be. Past was. Perfect Participle — been, NOTE. THOU and YE are the pronouns chiefly used in the Ancient or Solemn Style, but the verb is varied only in the singular. The old form is put in Italics. INDICATIVE MOOD. Present tense, singular first Past person I am; second, you are or thou art; third, he is. Plural- first person we are; second, you or ye are; third, they are. -I was, you were or thou wast, he was; we were, you or ye were, they were. Future-I, you, he; we, you or ye, they shall or will be. Thou Perfect shalt or will be. I have been, you have been or thou hast been, he hath or has been; we, you or ye, they have been. Past Perfect I, you. he; we, you or ye, they had been. Thou hadst been. Future Perfect — I shall, you will or thou wilt, he will; we shall, you or ye will, they will have been. POTENTIAL MOOD. NOTE. A verb in this mood is not varied on account of the person or number of its subject, except in the Ancient Style. Present I, you, he; we, you or ye, they may, can, or must be. Thou mayst or canst be. In what tenses is "be" varied on account of the person and number of its subject? What are the principal parts? What pronouns are used as subjects in the old style? With which one alone is the verb varied? What is the present Indicative? What is the old form? What form for the first person, singular? What form for the third, singular? What for all others? What form for the first and third, singular, of the past tense? What for the rest? What for old style? What is the only form for the future in the What is the form of the third, singular, in What for old style? What is the form for the person of both numWhat is the form for common style? What for the ancient style? Past — I, you, he; should be. we, you or ye, they might, could, woull, or Thou mightst, couldst, wouldst, or shouldst be. Perfect I, you, he; we, you or ye, they may, can, or must have been. Thou mayst or canst have been. Past Perfect I, you, he; we, you or ye, they might, could, would, or should have been. Thou mightst, couldst, wouldst, or shouldst have been. Present Past SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. If I be, you or thou be, he be; we be, you or ye be, they be. If I were, you were or thou wert, he were; we were, you or ye were, they were. NOTE 1. This mood has, as peculiar to itself, only the two forms above given, preceded by if, &c. But, as auxiliary, they make a part of the passive and progressive forms. Shakspeare uses a special form in the present, old style; as, "If that thou beest a Roman," &c. 2. Were is sometimes used for would be, after a supposition, &c.; as, There were no need: there would be no need. This mode of expression is going out of use. IMPERATIVE MOOD. Be, or do you or thou be; be, or do you or ye be. — Imperfect-being. Perfect-been. Compound Perfect - having been. REMARK. 1. We have seen that a verb in the Common Style is not varied on account of the person and number of its subject, except in the third person, singular, of the present and perfect of the Indicative mood in the active form; and, in the progressive and passive forms, we shall find it vary just as the verb "be" varies, which is used as an auxiliary in the formation of the progressive and passive. What is the form for the Potential past in common style?— in old style?- for the per fect?-for the past perfect? What is the peculiar form for the Subjunctive present? What for the past? What is the variation for the ancient style in the past? What are the forms of the Imperative mood? What is the form of the Infinitive presentof the perfect? What is the imperfect participle? - perfect?-compound perfect? Where have we found the verb varied in the common style? How will it vary in the progressive and passive forms? 2. We have seen that a verb is varied also in the second person, pingulco, with a subject in the Formal or Solemn Style; as, Thou lovest or dost love. 3. The old forms of the present and perfect in the third person, singular, ending in "th," though found in books, are seldom used by late writers; as, Present, he loveth or doth love. Perfect, he hath loved. 4. The auxiliaries do and did are used for emphasis, and in asking questions; in the latter case, they precede the subject; as, John did go. Did John go? Also, do is used in the Imperative mood, in entreaty and supplice tion. 111. Conjugation of the regular, transitive verb, LOVE, in its several forms. Present PRINCIPAL PARTS. - love. Past-loved. Perfect Participle — loved. REMARK. Three forms are used actively; namely, the simple, emphatic, and progressive; and one form passively, by the use of the perfect parti ciple with the auxiliary "be." The emphatic form is made by using the auxiliaries do and did with the simple form of the verb; consequently there are only two tenses in this form, the Present and Past of the Indicative. The Imperative mood uses do in emphatic entreaty or supplication. The following is a synopsis or connected view of these four forms of the verb love. NOTE. The Ancient or Solemn Style is printed in Italics. The whole of what verb is used as an auxiliary in forming progressive and passive verbs? When is a verb varied in the second person, singular? How do the old forms of the present and perfect end? How are the auxiliaries do and did used? Give the verb "love" all through in each of its forms. |