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chapel, owing to the circumstance that on the day and hour originally fixed, there was a great funeral procession to convey Lord Mayo's remains from the ship that brought them to town, to Government House; and in the absence of brethren Lewis and Williams, and brother Kerry's inability to attend, it appeared becoming on my part to join the procession as a representative of our body. In fact I had received, unsolicited and unexpected, a ticket, equivalent to a request from Government, which I did not feel at liberty to disregard..

"I have heard indirectly that Tarachand Banerjea will lose his situation and salary. The address which he gave at the water-side, accounting for his resolution to be baptized, was very effective."

It is gratifying to notice that the spirit of attachment to convictions, in spite of personal loss and persecution, still lives. This high caste Hindoo convert is obviously of the same stuff of which martyrs are made.

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BAHAMAS. Our missionary, the Rev. William Littlewood, of Inagua, writes:-" Church prospects still more cheering, We are having quite a little fuss about believers' baptism. The Church minister made himself very busy upon the subject; the young folk talked and argued. We are gaining by it, as they might have known we should. I advised

them to give us no rest; why should they? We are poor, ignorant, of recent origin, and made our advent amid much superstition; it cannot be but they can overthrow us with the first breath of argument. Brother Hall says, "I don't know anything about history and baptism, etc., but I know people mentioned in the Testament went down into the water and were baptized, and I am doing the same." Twenty-four persons were baptized at Rum Cay; twenty at Watlings, and a number at Crooked Island; and I am only

waiting for my visit to Long Islandto be over before others will follow their Lord through the water, at Inagua It seems to have been thought an easy aflair to draw off the children, and young people, and I really thought myself that, for a time, we should suffer damage. We want reading matter for the young people. I wish some of our English friends would help us. We are having a

hard struggle. Did they know of it, they might come to our assist

ance.

CHINA. The Rev. T. Richard of Chefoo, writes: "During this year I made five trips to the country; four of them were short ones, in the neighbourhood of Chefoo. The fifth however, in which I was accom panied by my friend Mr. Lilly, took me to a distance of 600 miles from home, and was intensely exciting; sleeping like watch-dogs at night, and proceeding carefully during the day, for our route lay through a country overrun by highwaymen and on the borders of that dark land where the transported convicts of China are settled. Of course, there, the every where else among Chinese, China on their maps is the only great continent in the world. We foreigners inhabit small islands which dot the coast of China, and are wretched barbarians, ignorant as the beasts of the forest, and, wicked as the devil himself. Although stay was very short in each place, for we generally moved on every day, yet we were able to correct a few of their ideas.

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One day, no sooner had I com Imenced to preach to a large crowd in an important city, than up came a high mandarin with a number of soldiers. They drove the people away, and stood there to prevent their return. Thereupon I preached to them, for it was the same to me, and was enabled to do so with more freedom than usual.,

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Having ened to me for fully two hours, the

mandarin bought a copy of the

Scriptures, walked away, leaving the people to return to me and listen to their heart's content. He seemed greatly surprised to find the gospel we preached not so bad as he had imagined it to be.

"Another time, six armed mounted soldiers were sent along with us for a whole week, under the pretence of escorting us, but really to spy us. At first they did all they could to hinder us, by secretly threatening the people for listening to us; but they soon turned round, became our friends, and even volunteered to carry our Scriptures and recommend their countrymen to buy them.

"The rest of my time, which I spent at home, was chiefly devoted to improving myself in the language. However I took five of our native helpers through a short course of the evidences of Christianity.

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"Ching made three trips, but spent most of his time at Chefoo. read the Gospels with a native, called Lew, who prepares himself to help us in preaching. Lew has given up a more lucrative employment, choosing rather the scorn of his fellowcountrymen, and the approbation of

God. We thank God for such proofs of sincerity.

66

Tsung and Sun, our native preachers, went three times into the country, and were prevented from making a fourth journey by the early fall of snow this year. They know what it is to bear the cross, for Christ. Tsung's relatives would not speak to him for three years after he became a Christian. They were set upon by the people last summer, and beaten out of a village; but they were not discouraged. They had counted the cost beforehand.

"We have had six additions by baptism this year; four at Chefoo, one at Tsungkie, and one at Hankian. At Tsungkie there are several who do not practice idolatry, and they join us in singing Christian hymns, many of which they have committed to memory.

"Although some of our missionary brethren in China have suffered considerably by being persecuted in their work, we close our year, having enjoyed comparatively perfect freedom from any molestation, for which our hearts are lifted up to God with feelings of devout gratitude.' C. B.

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CHURCHES.

for the pastorate of the Rev. M. Morris. A new chapel has been opened in Devonport-street, Commercial-road, London, for the pastorate of the Rev. G. Jennings.

The Rev. W. Morgan, late of Monmouth, has been recognised as pastor of the churches at Usk and Langebby.-The Rev. W. Sutton, late of Ballarat, Australia, has been recognised as the pastor of the church at Oakham, Rutland.-The Rev. S. B. Rees, late of Evenjobb, Radnor, has been recognised as the pastor of the church at Great Missenden, Bucks.-The Rev. J. F.

Frewin has been recognised as the pastor of the church in Surrey-lane, Battersea, Surrey.-The Rev. J. Tuckwell has been recognised as the pastor of the church in Union Chapel, Luton.-The Rev. C. White has been recognised as the pastor of the church in Little Wild-street, London.-The Rev. J. Jolly has been recogised as the pastor of the church at Boston, Lincolnshire, recently under the care of the late Rev. T. W. Matthews.-The Rev. H. D. Brown, late of Rawdon College, has been recognised as the pastor of the church at Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire.-The Rev. W. Anderson, late of Warkworth, Northumberland, has been recognised as the pastor of the church in King'sroad, Reading.

The following reports of MINISTERIAL CHANGES have reached us since our last issue:-The Rev. J. F. Smythe, of York, to St. George's place, Canterbury; the Rev. G. B. Thomas, late of Leeds, to South Parade, Tenby; the Rev. E. Dyson, of Long Crenden, Bucks, to Ossett, Yorkshire; the Rev. D. Davies, of Bristol College, to Mount Stuart Square, Cardiff; the Rev. S. Couling, of Oakengates, Salop, to Chipperfield, Rickmansworth, Herts; the Rev. J. J. Irving, late of Melton Mowbray, to South Portland Street, Glasgow; the Rev. W. Cuff, of Bury St. Edmunds, to Acton, Middlesex; the Rev. J. Wilshire, of Taunton, Somerset, to St. Mary's Gate, Derby; the Rev. J. Roberts, of Mumbles, near Swansea, to Upton Chapel, Lambeth, London; the Rev. J. O. Griffiths, of Llandilo, to Ton Yystrad, Glamorganshire; the Rev. T. Humphreys, of Cwmaman,

Aberdare, to Penarth; the Rev. N. Richards, of Treherbert, to Zion Chapel, Yystrad, Rhondda Valley; the Rev. W. L. Mayo, of Helston, Cornwall, to Rochdale Road, Heywood, Lancashire; the Rev. F. J. Masters, late of Ravensthorpe, Northamptonshire, to Helston, Cornwall; the Rev. T. Hanger, of Lifton, Devon, to Highbridge, Somerset; the Rev. T. Hanson, of Burton-on-Trent, to Bingley, Yorkshire; the Rev. W. D. Rose vear, of Glasgow, to his former pastorate at St. Michael's, Coventry, The Rev. H. A. Fletcher has, on account of ill-health, resigned his pastorate at Potter Street, Harlow, Essex. The Rev. G. W. Bannister has intimated his intention to resign, sometime in the summer, his charge at the Lower Baptist Chapel, Amersham, Bucks. The Rev. T.A. Williams has resigned his pastorate of the church at Swaffham, Norfolk, and is open to receive communications from churches desiring a pastor. The Rev. R. J. Mesquita has resigned the pastorate of the church at Pershore, Worcestershire. The Rev. J. Parnell has resigned his pastorate at Mornea, Cambridgeshire. The Rev. J. P. Williams has resigned the pastorate of the churches at Swimbridge and Little Hill, North Devon. The Rev. R. A. Griffin has resigned his pastorate at Bank Buildings, Weymouth, and has sailed for America. The Rev. J. Jack has resigned the pastorate of the church at Penzance, Cornwall. The Rev. P. F. Pearce has resigned his pastorate at Darlington, Dur ham. The Rev. H. Moyan has resigned his pastorate at Park Road and Yorkley, and will shortly go to Adelaide, South Australia.

THE CHURCH.

"Built upon the foundation of the Apostles and Prophets, Jesus Christ Himself being the chief corner-stone."

JUNE, 1872.

SOMETHING ABOUT THE APOSTLE JOHN.

BY THE REV. JAMES CULROSS, A.M., D.D.

VI. THE THEOLOGIAN.

PROBABLY the most of us are less or more familiar with the doctrinal ideas of the Apostle Paul. They are the staple of Puritan theology. Starting from man's sinfulness in the presence of a law that is holy and just and good, and uprooting man's last hope of being his own Saviour, he exhibits God's way of dealing with guilt and with an evil heart, in the mediation of Jesus Christ and the work of the Holy Spirit, leading us on to the final completion of salvation in the day of Christ, according to God's eternal purpose of grace which He purposed in Himself. As soon as we pass from the writings of Paul to those of John, we find ourselves in fellowship with a mind of a totally different cast-not at all dialectic, but intensely and profoundly intuitive. While he is equally the organ of the Spirit of God, and while the truths dealt with are in substance the same, yet the manner of conceiving and building them together is very different. The difference shows itself in the great words that are used. Paul's words are such as these,-sin, grace, righteousness, election, redemption, faith, reconciliation, salvation, the day of Christ; John's words are such as these,-life and death, light and darkness, love and hatred, truth and a lie, the Son of God and the wicked one. Were I to select characteristic and corresponding utterances from Paul and John, they would be these two: from Paul,-"Just and the justifier of him who believeth in Jesus"; from John,-" This is the true God and eternal life."

In this brief paper I desire to exhibit the character of John's doctrine as distinguished from that of the other New Testament writers,-unto each of whom "is given grace according to the measure of the gift of Christ." We shall find that it is no mere theological jelly, soft and luscious, but quite as strong meat as the doctrine of Paul.

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The starting-point for thought is the conception of the Eternal "Word"—"the Word of life," the Eternal Life which was with VOL. XIV. NO. VI.

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the Father and was manifested unto us." John did not originate the name, he found it already in existence; most probably it was beginning to be used in Asia Minor when he first went thither, perhaps in ways hostile to the truth. He unfolds the Divine idea contained in the name-the Jehovah-idea-in distinction from the false notions of men. Just as Paul said at Athens respecting the Unknown God,—“ Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, Him declare I unto you;" so in effect John says, "Whom ye ignorantly name The Word, Him declare I unto you, in His timeless being, in His personality, in His Godhead, in His action in the universe as light and life, in His manifestation in the flesh, full of grace and truth, giving of His fulness, and declaring the Father unto men." All Divine revelations and workings in the universe are through Him.

In due time The Word was manifested humanly in Jesus of Nazareth, so that men heard Him, saw Him, looked upon Him with their eyes, and their hands handled Him. The Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us. Godhead and manhood were bound into one person, indissolubly and eternally, in the Only-begotten. It was not a mere phantom-appearance, as if an angel should become visible to the eye in human form, but a true incarnation, only without sin. He is the fullest answer we have to the question-What is man? as He is also the fullest answer to the question-What is God? human life becomes the medium of showing forth the divine and eternal life. A human face shines with the very brightness of the Godhead's glory. The Gospel of John is the telling forth of this manifestation by one who saw it on its glorious side; even as he writes, "We beheld His glory, the glory as of the Only-begotten of the Father." The mystery of the incarnation is not cleared away -indeed, it is rather intensified than abated; but the fact is placed beyond debate.

A visible

was

The sphere within which the manifestation took place, "the world." In John's speech, "the world" is not the mere globe of earth on which we have our dwelling, and which gives us our graves, but the whole human region as it is alienated from God. We all belong to it by birth. John conceives of it as dominated by sin. It is in darkness; it knows not God; it lies in wickedness; it is in death,-not merely exposed to it as a penalty, but in it as a condition. The "things" of it are such as these," the lust of the flesh and the lust of the eyes and the pride of life." Dark and awful as this is, there is a darker and more awful still. Lying behind the scene is a realm of evil unperceived by any of our senses, with a personal headthe devil, the slanderer, who misrepresents God to men, who is a and a murderer.* The world of men has fallen under the

power

liar

of the

"A liar and a murderer from the beginning." The expression is radically different from that which is used respecting the Word, that He was in the beginning. There is no approach to an original dualism of good and evil in John. The devil appears as the first intelligence that sinned. The dark mystery of the origin of moral evil lies behind, with no light thrown on it, probably insoluble to man.

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