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Proverbs. 1. A great fortune, in the handa of a fool, is a great mis-fortune. 2. Too many resolve, then re-resolve, and die the same. 3 Never give the tongue full liberty, but keep it under control. 4. Character-is the measure of and an instrument. 7. If we meet evil company, well as of hunger. 6. Truth-is an ornament, for the worst, but hope for the best. 9. Though it is no reason we should keep it. 8. Provide he is wise, that can teach the most, yet he, that learns, and practices what he learns, is wiser. 10. Never be without good books. 11. Time

313. RULES. It is impossible to give | rules for reading every sentence, or indeed any sentence; much more is left to the pupil, than can be written. All that is here attempted-is, a meagre outline of the subject; enough, however, for every one who is deter-man and woman. 5. We may die of a surfeit, as mined to succeed, and makes the necessary application; and too much for such as are of an opposite character. The road is pointed out, and all the necessaries provided for the journey, but each must do the traveling, or abide the consequences. Be what ought to be, and success is yours.

is the herald of truth. 12. Manners make the man. 13. Dissembled holiness, is double iniquity. 14. Conscience is in the chamber of justice.

Oratory. Eloquence--may be considered as the soul, or animating principle of discourse; and is dependent on intellectual energy, and intellectual attainments. Elo

(3) No radiant pearl, which crested fortune wears, (4) No gem, that twinkling, hangs from beauty's ears: (5) Nor the bright stars, which night's blue arch adorn, (6) Nor rising sun-that gilds the eternal morn,— (8) Shine-with such lustre, as the fear that breaks, (6) For other's woe, down virtue's manly cheek. In reading, (rather reciting) these beautiful lines, the voice commences, as indicated by the figures, gradually rises, then yields a lit-cution-is the embodying form, or representle; till it comes to the word 'shine,' which tative power; dependent on exterior accomis on the 8th note; and then it gradually de- plishments, and on the cultivation of the orscends to the close; because such are the gans. Oratory-is the complicated and vital thoughts, and the feelings. Get the inside; existence, resulting from the perfect harmony never live out of doors; grasp the thoughts, and combination of Eloquence and Elocution. and then let the words flow from feeling. Varieties. 1. Is there not the same dif314. OPENING THE MOUTH. This is ference-between actual and hereditary evil, among the most important duties of the elo-as between an inclination to do a thing, and cutionist, and singer; more fail in this particular, than in any other: indistinctness and stammering are the sad effects of not opening the mouth wide enough. Let it be your first object to obtain the proper positions of the vocal organs: for which purpose, practice the vocal analysis, as here presented. The first effort is--separating the lips and teeth; which will not only enable you to inhale and exhale freely, through the nose, when speaking and singing, but avoid uneasiness in the chest, and an unpleasant distortion of the features. The second is, a simultaneous action of the lips, teeth, and tongue: let these remarks be indelibly stamped upon your memory; for they are of immense practical importance.

Anecdote. Alexander and the Pirate. We too often judge of men--by the splendor, and not the merit of their actions. Alexander-demanded of the Pirate, whom he had taken, by what right-he infested the seas? By the same right," replied he boldly, "that you enslave the world. I-am called a robber, because I have only one small vessel; but you are called a conqueror, because you command great fleets and navies."

The best contrived deceit-
Will hurt its own contriver;
And perfidy-doth often cheat-

Its author's purse-of every stiver.
The man, that's resolute, and just,
Firm to his principles-and trust,
No hopes, nor fears, can bind.

the commission of the act? 2. Whoever has flattered his friend successfully, must at once think himself a knave, and his friend a fool. 3. Unfriended, indeed, is he, who has no friend good enough—to tell him his faults. 4. If those, who are called good singers, were as sensible of their errors in reading, as they would be, if similar ones were made in their singing, they would be exceedingly mortified, and chagrined. 5. The sacred light of Scripture-should be shed upon the canvas of the world's history, as well as on that of humanity. 6. The theology of creation-was revealed to the earliest ages; and the science of creation, is now beginning to be revealed to us. 7. What is most spiritual -is most rational, if rightly understood; and it also admits of a perfect illustrationby rational and natural things: to follow God, and to follow right-and pure reason, is all one; and we never give offence to Him if we do that, which such a reason requires

THE PROGRESS OF LIFE.

I dreamed-I saw a little rosy child,
With flaxen ringlets-in a garden playing;
Now stopping here, and then afar off straying,
As flower, or butterfly-his feet beguiled.

Twas changed. One summer's day I stept aside,
To let him pass; his face-and manhood seeming,
And that full eye of blue-was fondly beaming

On a fair maiden, whom he called his Bride!"
Once more; 'twas autumn, and the cheerful fire
I saw a group-of youthful forms surrounding.
The room-with harmless pleasantry resounding,
And, in the midst, I marked the smiling Sire,

The heavens were clouded! and I heard the tone,
Of a slow-moving the white haired man was gone

315. As Emphasis is the same thing as Proverbs. 1. Nching overcomes passionAccent, only more of it; so, it is inseparably sooner than silence. 2. Precepts-may lead, but connected with the Pauses; indeed, what-examples-draw. 3. Rebel not against the dictates ever distinguishes one word from the others, of reason and conscience. 4. Sincerity-is the pamay be called Emphasis; which is some- rent of truth. 5. The loquacity of fools-is a lectimes only another name for Expression: itture to the wise. 6. Unruly passions-destroy the 1s, at least, one of the mediums of expression. peace of the soul. 7. Valor-can do but little, without discretion. 8. Modesty-is one of the chief Hence, Emphasis is often exhibited in connection with a Rhetorical Fause, placed be-ornaments of youth. 9. Never insult the poor, poverty-entitles one to our pity. 10. Our reputa fore, or after, emphatic words, which may be elevated, or depressed, with force and quantity, according to sentiment. When this pause is made after the important word, or words, it causes the mind to revert to what was last said; and when it is made before such word, the mind is led to anticipate something worthy of particular attention. The book is full of illustrations.

tion virtue, and happiness-greatly depend on the choice of our companions. 11. Wisdom-is we greatest wealth. 12. Pride-is a great thief.

Laconics. No more certain is it, that the

flower was made to waft perfume, than that woman's destiny-is a ministry of love, a life of the affections.

Varieties. 1. Those authors, (says Dr. Johnson,) are to be read at school, that supply most axioms of prudence, and most principles of moral truth. 2. The little and short say

316. Ex. 1. BENEVOLENCE-is one of the brightest gems-in the crown of christian perfection. 2. Melody-is an agreeable succes-ings of wise and excellent men, (saith Bishop sion of sounds; Harmony-an agreeable Tillotson,) are of great value; like the dust concordance of sounds. 3. Homer-was the of gold, or, the least sparks of diamonds. 3. greater genius; Virgil the better artist: The idle, who are wise rather for this world in one, we most admire the man; in the other than the next, are fools at large. 4. Let all -the work; Homer-hurries us with com- your precepts be succint, and clear, that manding impetuosity; Virgil—leads us with ready wits may comprehend them. 5. None an attractive majesty. Homer-scatters with-beiter guard against a cheat, than he, who a generous profusion; Virgil-bestows, with is a knave complete. 6. Scarcely an ill—to a careful magnificence. 4. What man could human life-belongs; but what our follies do, is done already; (8) HEAVEN —and (5) | cause, or mutual wrongs. 7. What our Lord earth-will witness,-if-R-o-m-e-m-u-s-t said to all, is applicable to all, at all times; f-a-ll,-that we are innocent. namely, "watch,"-and it appears to relate to the admission of every thought and desire, into the mind.

Note. Prolong the words with the hyphens between the letters

317. POLITICAL ECONOMY-teaches us to investigate the nature, sources, and proper uses of national wealth; it seems to bear the same relation to the whole country, that Domestic Economy does to an individual family: for, tho' it generally relates to the wealth of nations, it leads us to examine many points of comfort and well-being, that are closely connected with the acquisition, and expenditure of property. Its connection with legislation and government are self-evident; yet every one may derive important lessons, from a knowledge of its facts and principles.

Anecdote. All have their Care. Two merchants, conversing together about the hardness of the times, and observing a flock of pigeons, one said to the other,-"How happy those pigeons are! they have no bills and acceptances to provide for." "Indeed," said the other," you are much mistaken; for they have their bills to provide for as well as we."

When adverse wind:—and waves arise,
And in my heart-despondence sighs;
When life-her throng of cares reveals,
And weakness-o'er my spirit steals,
Grateful I hear the kind decree,
"That, as my day, my strength—shall bo."

THE MOTHER PERISHING IN A SNOW-STORM.
"In the year 1821, a Mrs. Blake perished in a snow-storm in the
night-time, while traveling over a spur of the Green Mountai
in Vermont. She had an infant with her, which was found alive
and well in the morning, being carefully wrapped in the mother"
clothing."

The cold winds-swept the mountain's height,
And pathless-was the dreary wild,

And, 'mid the cheerless hours of night,

A mother wander'd-with her child:
As through the drifting snow she press'd,
The babe--was sleeping-on her breast.

And colder still the winds did blow,

And darker hours of night came on,
And deeper grew the drifting snow:
Her limbs were chill'd, her strength—was gme
"Oh, God!" she cried, in accents wild,
"If I must perish, save my child!"
She stripp'd her mantle from her breast,

And bared her bosom to the storm,
And round the child—she wrapp'd the vest,
And smiled-to think her babe was warın
With one cold kiss-one tear she shed,
And sunk--upon her snowy bed.
At dawn-a traveler passed by,

And saw herneath a snowy vail;
The frost of death-was in her eye,

Her cheek was cold, and hard, and pale,
He moved the robe from off the child,
The babe look'd up-end sweetly smiled'

318. EMPHASIS, in connection with the Proverbs. 1. Every thing-tends to educate Rhetorical Pause. 1. A friend-cannot be us. 2. Always have a good object in view. 3. Acknown-in prosperity; and an enemy can- tions-should be led by knowledge; and knowledge aot be hidden-in adversity. followed by actions. 4. It is better to be saved without a precedent, than damned by example. 5. There is no security among evil companions. 6. Never be unwilling to teach, if you know; nor ashamed to learn, if you can. 7. Better yourself when young;

Passions-are winds-to urge us o'er the wave,
REASON-the rudder-to direct or save.

He-raised a mortal-to the skies,
SHE-drew an angel-down.

4. Charity-suffereth long, and is (3) kind: (4) charity-envieth not; (5) charity-vaunteth not itself; (3) is not puffed up; (4) doth not behave itself (5) unseemly; (6) seeketh not her own; (5) is not easily (4) provoked; (3) thinketh no evil; (5) rejoiceth-not in (4) iniquity, but (5) rejoiceth in the truth; (4) beareth all things; (5) believeth all things, (6) hopeth all things; (7) endureth all things; (6) CHARITY (8) NEVER faileth.

319. THE THREE DEGREES OF SPEECH. There are three different modes in which one may read and speak; only two of which, under any circumstances, can be right. The first is reading and speaking by word, without having any regard to the sentiment; the second is reading or speaking only by word and thought; and the third is-reading and speaking by word, thought and feelling-all combined, and appropriately manifested. In the Greek language, we find these three modes definitly marked by specific words, such as lalleo, EIPO and EIRO. Children are usually taught the first, instead of the third, and then the second and thirdcombined: hence, very few of them ever have any conception of the meaning of the words they use, or of the subject matter about which they are reading: they seem to regard these as something foreign to the object. Here we again see the natural truth of another scripture declaration: "The letter kil leth: the spirit giveth LIFE."

And from the prayer of want, the plaint of woe;
Oh! never, NEVER-turn away thine ear:
Forlorn, in this bleak wilderness below,

[hear.

Ah! what were man, should HEAVEN-refuse to
To others do-(the law is not severe;)
What--to thyself-thou wishest to be done;
Forgive thy foes, and love thy parents dear,
And friends and native land; nor those alone,[own.
4 human weal, or woe, learn thou to make thine
Anecdote. Mahomet-made his people
believe, that he would call a hill to him; and,
from the top of it, offer up his prayers for the
observers of his LAW. The people assembled;
Mahomet called the hill again and again to
come to him; and the hill not moving, he
was not at all abashed at it; but put it off
with a jest; saying-"1 the hill will not
come to Mahomet, he-will go to the hill."

When people-once are in the wrong,
Each line they add-is much too long;
Who fastest walks, but walks astray,
Is only furthest from his way.

you will want rest in old age. 8. When you find yourself inclined to be angry, speak in a low tome of voice. 9. Bear-and fortear—is excellent philosophy. 10. Seek and practice-the TRUTH, and you are made-forever. 11. Lookers on see, more than players. 12. Wake not a sleeping lion.

ning-knife of friendship, and not the mon Laconics. Sincerity-should be the pruster scythe-of an unfeeling rudeness, which, for one weed that it eradicates, mows down a dozen of those tender flowers, which bloomonly on our affections.

Varieties. 1. Our Orators, (says Cicero,) are, as it were, the ACTORS of truth itself; and the players are the IMITATORS of truth. 2. Whence this disdain of life, in every breast, but from a notion-on their minds impress'd, that all, who, for their country die, are bless'd. 3. You'll find the friendship of the world—is show; all-OUTWARD show. 4. Errors, like straws upon the surface flow: He, who would search for pearls-must dive below. 5. What you keep by you, you may change and mend; but words, once spoke, can never be recalled. 6. Let thy discourse be such, that thou mayest give profit to others, or, from them receive. 7. Beware of ever exceeding the boundaries of truth, in any form; for the mind loses strength, whenev er it puts its foot beyond the circle, or passes

the boundaries.

THE HARVEST MOON.

All hail! thou lovely queen of night,
Bright empress of the stary sky!
The meekness of thy silvery light

Beams gladness-on the gazer's eye,
While, from thy peerless throne on high

Thou shinest bright-as cloudless noon, And bidd'st the shades of darkness fly Before thy glory-Harvest moon! In the deep stillness of the night, When weary labor is at rest, How lovely is the scene!-how bright The wood-the lawn-the mountain's breast When thou, fair moon of Harvest, hast

Thy radiant glory all unfurled, And sweetly smilest in the west,

Far down-upon the silent world.
Shine on, fair orb of light! and smile
Till autumn months-have passed away:
And labor-hath forgot the toil

He bore-in summer's sultry ray;
And when the reapers-end the day,
Tired with the burning heat of noon,
They'll come with spirits light and gay,
And bless thee-lovely Harvest Moon!

their sensible and passing forms; the world, wearing the marks of its Muker, whose stamp is everywhere visible, and whose character is legible to all, who are willing to understand, and would become happy.

Proverbs. 1. An oak tree-is not felled with

kills more than the sword. 7. Hasty resolutions seldom speed well. 8. Inconstancy—is the attend

320. EMPHASIS-by a pause just before, or after, the important word. The pause before-awakens curiosity, and excites expectation; after-carries back the mind to what was last said. How would a tyrant, after naving ruled with a rod of iron, and shown compassion to none, speak of his own death, a blow. 2. Beware of him, who is obliged to in allusion to the setting sun, in a tropical guard his reputation. 3. Concealing faults-ia climate; where the sun is severely hot as long but adding to them. 4. Defile not your mouth with as it shines, and when it sets, it is very soon impure words. 5. Envy-preys on itself; flattery dark? 1. (5) "And now--my race-of ter-is nauseous-to the truly wise. 6. Gluttony ror—run, (6) Mine-- be the eve-of tropic (6) sun; No pale (6) gradations-quench his ray; (5) No twilight (7) dews-his wrath allay: (4) With (5) disk, (like battle target) red, (6) He rushes-t' his burning bed, (5) Dyes the wide wave--with bloody (6) light; Then sinks-at once-- (2) and all is (1) night. The last clause, pronounced in a deep monotone, and a pause before it, adds much to its beauty and grandeur. 2. "Will all great Neptune's ocean-wash-this blood clean-from my hands? No: these, my hands, will rather the multitudinous sea--in

carnadine: making the green-(1) one red."
Macbeth's hands are so deeply stained, that,
to wash them in the ocean, would make it red
with blood.

SATAN, LAMENTING THE LOSS OF HEAVEN, AND
INVOKING HELL.

"Is this the region, THIS the soil, the clime,”—
Said then the lost archangel, "this the seat,
That we must change-for heaven?
This the mournful gloom—

For that CELESTIAL LIGHT? Farewell, happy fields,
Where joy-forever dwells. Hail, horrors,-hail
Infernal world! And thou-profoundest hell,
Receive-thy new-possessor!"

THE DRUNKARD.

"Hand me the bowl-ye jocund band,”—
He said, "twill rouse my mirth;"

But conscience-seized his trembling hand,
And dashed the cup-to earth.

He looked around, he blush'd, he laugh'd,—
He sipped the sparkling wave;

in it. he read," who drinks this draught,
Shall fill-a murderer's grave."

He grasped the bowl,-to seek relief;—
No more-his conscience said;
His bosom-friend-was sunk in grief,
His children-begged for bread.
Thro' haunts of horror-and of strife,
He passed down-life's dark tide;
lie cursed-his beggared babes-and wife,
He cursed his God,-and died!

321. CREATION. If we studied creation

more, our minds would much sooner become developed; then, the heavens, the earth, the water, with their respective, various, and numerous inhabitants, the productions, natures, sympathies, antipathies; their uses, benefits and pleasures, would be better understood by us: and eternal wisdom, power, majesty and goodness, would be very conspicuous, thro' BRONSON. 8

ant of a weak mind. 9. Keep good company,

and be one of the number. 10. While one is base, the parent of disease. 12. Oftener ask, than decide questions. 13. Avoid all superfluities.

none can be entirely free and noble. 11. Sin-is

Anecdote. Witty Reply. A gentleman lately complimented a lady, on her improved said the lady. “Not so,” replied he; "for appearance. "You are guilty of flattery," you are as plump as a partridge." first," said she,-"I thought you guilty of Aattery only; but I now find you actually

make

game of me."

"At

Mark to Hit. Never forget, that by your advancement, you have become an object of envy-to those whom you have outstripped -in the race of life, and a tacit reproach—to their want of energy or capacity, which they never forgive. You must, therefore, lay your account-to be made a mark for “envy, hatred, and malice, and all uncharitableness."

Varieties. 1. We have three orders, or degrees of faculties; the gious, civil and scientific; the first, regatus the Deity; the second, Humanity; and the third, Nature; i. e. the Workman and his works. 2. It is the object of the Bible-to teach religious, rather than scientific truths. 3. Cannot our minds-be imbued with the spirit of heaven; or tainted with the breath of Hell? 4. In man, we see blended the geological, the vegetable, and animal: to which is superadded, the human; all harmonizing, and yet each successive series predominates over the preceding one; till at length, the human rises above every thing; earth-passes away, and heaven-is all in all. 5. Let your trust be so implicit-in the Divine Providence, that all things will be disposed for the best, after you have done the part assigned, that your only care shall be, how you may perform the greatest amount of good, of which your being is capable.

This world's a hive, you know, 'tis said,
Whose bees-are men, ('tis true as funny,)
And some-fill cells-with bitter bread,
While others gather sweetest honey;
Yet each, alike, his duty does,

Each brings what's needful for the other:
Though divers ways-they hum and buz,
Yet all obey the common mother.

322. EMPHASIS. On every page may be found nearly all the principles of elocution; and in aiming at a compliance with the rules given, great care must be taken to avoid a stiff, and formal mode of reading and speaking. We must never become enslaved to thought alone, which rules with a rod of iron: but yield to feeling, when it is to predominate: in a perfect blending of feeling, thought and action, there is all the freedom and gracefulness of nature; provided they are in harmony with nature. It is better to be natural, than mechanically correct. Every thought and feeling has its peculiar tone of voice, by which it is to be expressed, and which is exactly suited to the degree of internal feeling: in the proper use of these tones, most of the life, spirit, beauty, and effect of delivery consists. Hence, emphasis, or expression, is almost infinite in variety; yet none should be discouraged; because we cannot do every thing, is no reason why we should not try to do something.

Proverbs. 1. The foreknowledge of an ap proaching evü, is a benefit of no small magnitude 2. We may get a world of false love, for a little honesty. 3. The love of mankind-may be good while it lasts; but the love of God-is everlasting. 4. Too many condemn the just, and not a few justify the wicked. 5. Some people's threats-are larger than their hearts. 6. Discreet stages-make evil. 8. Rather do good, without a pattern, than evil, by imitation. 9. Prize a good character above

short journeys. 7. Imitate the good, but avoid the

any other good. 10. Well qualified teachers-are benefactors of their race. 11. Plain dealing is a jewel. 12. Perfect love-casteth out fear.

Science. Science, the partisan of no country, but the beneficent patroness of all, has liberally opened a temple, where all may meet. She never inquires about the country, or sect, of those who seek admission; she never allots a higher, or a lower place, from exaggerated national claims, or unfounded national antipathies. Her influence on the mind, like that of the sun on the chilled earth, has long been preparing it for higher cultivation and farther improvement. The philosopher of one country should not see an enemy in the philosopher of another; he should take his seat in the temple of science, and ask not who sits beside him.

Varieties.

323. MISCELLANEOUS. 1. In your conversation, be cautious what you speak, to whom you speak, how you speak, when you speak; and what you speak, speak wisely, and truly. 2. A fool's heart-is in his tongue; but a wise man's tongue-is in his heart. 3. Few things-engage the attention-and af1. Is not the innocence of fections of men-more than a handsome ad- flowers enough to make wicked persons blush dress, and a graceful conversation. 4. For to behold it? 2. Are there not as many one great genius, who has written a little beautiful flowers in the other world, as there book, we have a thousand-little geniuses, are in this? 3. Those are the best diversions, who have written great books. 5. Words that relieve the mind, and exercise the body, are but air; and both-are capable of much with the least expense of time and money. condensation. 6. Nature-seldom inspires 4. Give us knowledge of our own, and we a strong desire for any object, without fur-will persevere. 5. Let us call tyrants-TYnishing the ability-to attain it. 7. All-is RANTS: and maintain, that FREEDOM comes not gold-that glitters. 8. If I were an only, by the grace of God. AMERICAN-as I am an Englishman, while a foreign troop-was landed in my country, I never would lay down my arms; no,-(5) never! (4) never! (2) never! 9. The price of LIBERTY--is eternal vigilance. 10. The true disciples of Nature, are regardless who conducts them, provided she be the leader;

for Nature, like truth-is immutable.
There is a tide-in the affairs of men,
Which, taken at the flood,-leads on to FORTUNE ;
Omitted, all the voyage of their life—
Is hound in shallows-and in miseries:
On such a full sea-are wE-now afloat,
And we must take the current, when it serves,
Or lose our ventures.

Anecdote. One thing at a time. The famous pensioner of Holland, who was the greatest genius of his time, and a famous politician, on being asked, how he could transact such a variety of business, without confusion, replied, that he never did but one thing at a time.

Face to face-the truth comes out.

Truth-needs no champion; in the infinite deep
Of everlasting Soul-her strength abides:
From Nature's heart-her mighty pulses leap.-
Through Nature's veins, her strength, undying, tides
Peace is more strong than war; and gentleness,
When force were vain, makes conquests o'er the
When they, who loved, are hidden-by the grare.
And Love lives on, and hath a power to bless, [wave;

'Tis not a century-since they,

The red men, traversed here,
And o'er these pleasant hills and vales,
Pursued the bounding deer;

Here, too, that eloquence was poured

Around the council light,

That made the sturdy warrior bold,
And ready for the fight!
And oft they came-exulting back,
The husband, sire and son,
To vaunt before their savage shrines

The ill-their hands had done!
Yet, of their mortal weal or woe,
No trace is left 10-day;
For. like the foam upon the wave,
They all nave passed away!

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