Augustine. The author is particularly minute on matters of doctrine But though the quotations are so numerous, we are never informed of either the page or the volume whence they are taken. The toil of a translator or of a critical reviewer, will of course be greatly increased by this omission; but the mass of readers, for whom the work is chiefly designed, may prefer to have the pages unencumbered by citations, being satisfied with simply knowing from what work a quotation is made.

VI. EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES.

In Gersdorf's Leipsic Repertorium, No. 7, 1849, there is a review of a number of late works on Egyptian antiquities. The reviewer, Prof. Seyffarth of the university of Leipsic, is a well known writer on hieroglyphics. We condense some notices of these productions from his review. The first is the work of Prof. Lepsius, published in 1848, pp. 240, entitled, "On the Preliminary Conditions for the Origination of a Chronology among the Egyptians, and the Possibility of their Reproduction, as an Introduction to the Chronology of the Egyptians." It may be premised that Seyffarth is no admirer of Lepsius, and his statements are accordingly to be received with some allowance. "The hieroglyphics in Lepsius' book are printed with the text, which is very praiseworthy, so that the reader has no occasion to resort to special tables. They are, yet with many exceptions, well designed and cut." "In the deciphering of the hieroglyphics, the author has made no important advance. At least one half of the hieroglyphic groups, which are copied, whose signification is obvious, remain untranslated, while almost as many more are translated incorrectly; the decipherings which will maintain their place in a future hieroglyphical dictionary are very few." Many instances in proof are then quoted.

J. B. C. Lesueur, “architect of the Hotel de Ville at Paris," published in 1848, a "Chronology of the kings of Egypt," pp. 334, a work which received the prize from the Academy of Inscriptions. He holds the 36,000 years, which Manetho's Sothis embraces, to be solar years, rejects the historical works of the Tablet of Abydos, of Eratosthenes, of the Vetus Chronicon, and builds especially on the original fragment of Manetho found by Seyfarth at Turin in 1826, without understanding it. The astronomical truths connected with many events of Egyptian history, are silently passed by, and so the result is reached that the Egyptian history extends back to B. C. 11,504, that the first king, Menes, reigned 5773 B. C., consequently before the creation, and 2327 before the flood, etc. Had the architect built on firmer ground, his building would have been more durable.

Although the Aegypto-Hebrew chronology of Prof. Hofmann (Letter to Prof. Böckh on the Aegyptian and Israelitish Chronology, 1847, pp. 70) is correct on some points, e. g. in the supposition that the Hyksos and Israelites were not different, that Amosis and Chebron at the beginning of the 18th dynasty embrace the same government, still the whole will satisfy no carefully examining reader, since the author builds on unfounded hypotheses, and passes unused the mathematical truths connected with many historical events. He proceeds on the hypothesis that the sum of the years of most of the Manetho dynasties properly contain the sum of the years of the several preceding dynasties. Thus Menes, though the Abydos Tablet, Eratosthenes and the Old Chronicle place him B. C. 2782, is put down at 2182; the Exodus, though according to astronomical facts and sure biblical notices, it belongs to B. C. 1867, is brought down to the year 1474, and there are reckoned from the Exodus, to the building of Solomon's temple, in spite of the book of Judges and in spite of the genealogies, 480 years instead of 880.

Three of the works noticed are by H. Brugsch, member of one of the gymnasia at Berlin, viz. "Demotic Writing of the Egyptians explained from the papyri and inscriptions, 1848, pp. 70 and three tables;” “Doctrine of Demotic Numbers among the Ancient Egyptians, now first illustrated from the papyri and inscriptions, 1848, pp. 36, with five tables;" and "Agreement of a hieroglyphic inscription of Philae with the Greek and Demotic initial text of the Decree of Rosetta, 1849, pp. 19 with one table." In respect to the first of these treatises, the reviewer remarks, "there is so much of the true and the good in the book that no one will mistake the talent and industry of the author. We should not forget, also, that in such difficult palaeographic and linguistic researches, mistakes are unavoidable, and abundantly met with as in all Egyptologists hitherto."

VII. TISCHENDORF'S GREEK TESTAMENT.

The author, who is professor of theology at Leipsic, published an edition of the Greek Testament in 1841; in 1842, he published three editions in Paris, two dedicated to the archbishop of Paris, and one to M. Guizot. Several of the following years he spent in collating different MSS. He states that he has himself copied or collated almost all the ancient MSS. which are known to exist. He has published the Codex Ephraemi at Paris, the Codex L of the Gospels with B of the Apocalypse and some important fragments, and the Latin Codex Palatinus. The MS. B in the Vatican remains yet without a thorough collation and examination. Tischendorf was permitted to examine some passages, and

Cardinal Mai gave him by letter information in regard to others. Tischendorf's second Leipsic edition was printed in 1849, in 12mo. pp. 768. The Prolegomena and Preface, occupying 104 pages, describe the editor's labors in the collation, the critical principles on which he proceeds, the New Testament dialect, recensions of the Greek text, order of the books, forms of proper names, editions of the sacred text, list of MSS., versions, etc. An able review of this work by Mr. S. P. Tregelles is found in Dr. Kitto's Journal of Sacred Literature, Oct. 1849. Mr. T. has been engaged in the same pursuit, see B. S. VI. 404, more than eleven years, and has personally collated most of the MSS. While he accords high commendation to Tischendorf's labors, he finds occasion to dissent from some of his rules for weighing evidence, and from some of his conclusions in regard to important texts. His observations seem to us to be characterized by candor and sound judgment, and to display a thorough knowledge of the subject.

VIII. THE CHINESE REPOSITORY.

Eighteen volumes of this work are now completed. It is published monthly in Canton, China, by Mr. S. W. Williams, himself an able Chinese scholar, and edited by Rev. E. C. Bridgman, D. D. Each volume contains about 700 pages. To those acquainted with the work it is a matter of supererogation to commend it. It will be an enduring monument of the diligence and ability of its editor and of his learned contributors, an indispensable work for all who would attain accurate information in regard, not only to China, but Japan, Corea, Tartary, Siam, Cochin China, and the whole of the eastern part of Asia with its islands. More copious and interesting information may be found in it in regard to Japan than in any other work accessible to the English reader. Each number contains a journal of events and occurrences invaluable to the future historian of eastern Asia. We earnestly recommend to all our public libraries and institutions to purchase a sett of this periodical. It can be procured of Mr. Williams of Canton at a considerable deduction from the current price. Any patronage extended to the Chinese Repository will help to sustain a most important literary enterprise, and the higher interests of religion and missions.

IX. THE BIRDS OF ARISTOPHANES.

Professor Felton of Cambridge has given us an edition of this celebrated drama in a most beautiful form. The paper, the Greek type, the English of the notes, are, we had almost said, perfect. One can hardly

fail of falling in love with the witty dramatist from the beauty and splendor of the plumage in which the Birds appear. The notes bear full testimony to the skill and taste of the accomplished editor. A peculiar value is given to this edition from the pains which the editor has taken, with the aid of Professor Agassiz, to determine the species and describe the habits of the birds introduced into the play. The results show that Aristophanes was a most careful observer, as well as a consummate poet." We may add, though it is hardly necessary, that the book is published by Mr. Bartlett, the university bookseller.

ARTICLE X.

PUBLIC LIBARIES IN NEW ENGLAND.

In our last No., p. 173, seq., we furnished some account of the Libraries in Boston, Cambridge, Andover, Newton and Worcester, Ms. and in Providence, R. I. We now subjoin some facts in regard to the remaining Public Libraries in New England.

LIBRARIES IN NEW HAVEN, CONN.

The number of Vols. in the general Library of Yale College, Jan. 1, 1850, was 21,000, not including a few hundred duplicates. The number of pamphlets is estimated at 3500 or 4000. The library has two MSS. probably of the 14th century, a few modern MSS. and a collection of about 40 vols. of MSS., left by the late Pres. Stiles. No catalogue has been published since 1823, which contains the titles of somewhat less than half of the present number of books. The annual increase for ten years past has been between 900 and 1000 vols. The funds devoted to the increase of the library amount to $28,437. Among the more important books in the library are the following. A collection of American newspapers of 1765-6, gathered by Dr. Stiles with reference to the Stamp Act. 4 vols. folio. [This is a unique collection, of great historical value, and not to be replaced.] Silvestre's Palaeographie Universelle, 4 vols. fol.; Description de l'Egypte. (an early copy) Paris 1809, etc. 22 vols. fol.; Piranesi: Collection of Roman Antiquities, 27 vols. fol.; Graevius, Gronovius, etc.: Thesaurus Antiquitatum, etc. 87 vols. fol.; Muratori Scriptores Italici, 24 vols. fol.; Annali dell. Instituto di Corrispondenza

Archaeologica, 1829-45. 16 vols. 8vo; Bullettino dell. Instituto di Corrispondenza Archaeologica, 1829-44. 8vo; Maii Scriptorum Veterum Vaticana Collectio, 10 vols. fol; Maii Spicilegium Romanum, Collectio, 10 vols. 8vo; The Milan edition of the Italian Classics, uniform. 400 vols. 8vo; Documents Inédits sur l' Histoire de France, 65 vols. 4to; (in progress) Ersch and Grüber: Encyclopedia, 4to, in prog. 100 vols. Halle Literatur-zeitung, complete, 1785-1849, 141 vols. 4to; Berliner Jahrbücher, complete 1827-1845, 33 vols. 4to; Fundgruben des Orients, 6 vols. fol.; Zahn: Antiqs. of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Stabia. Berlin folio. Pertz: Monumenta Germaniæ Historica, fol. 8 vols. received (in progress); Calvini Opera Omnia. Amstel. 9 vols. folio. Taylor's Engl. Transl. of Plato and Aristotle, 19 vols. 4to. Hansard's Parliamentary Debates, complete to 1844. 137 vols. 8vo; Kingsborough's Mexican Antiquities 9 vols. fol.; Purchas his Pilgrimes. 5 vols. fol.; (a fine copy) Catesby's Natural History of Carolina. fol.; Lond. 1731. Ternaux-Compans Collection of Voyages, etc. relative to discovery of America, 20 vols. 8vo. Paris. Byzantine Historians, Venice ed. 23 vols. fol.; Collection of Original Pamphlets concerning English affairs from Charles I. to Jas. II. The Documents given by the British Government, (Statutes, Rolls, etc.) fol. and less. 74 vols. E. L. Herrick, Librarian.

A handsome and commodious library building of stone has been recently erected. In the wings of this edifice are three libraries belonging to societies of students, as follows:

Aver. add. of vols.

No. of Vols. Jan. 1, 1849. pr. yr. for last 10 yrs.

Linonian Society 10646

Brothers in Unity 10500
Calliopean Society 6020

440

430
170

date of last Catl.

Nov. 1846, pp. 274 (of 10103 vols.) Apr. 1846, pp. 224 (of 9140 vols.) Feb. 1846, pp. 94 (of 6000 vols.) The Library of the Young Men's Institute, New Haven, contains 3800 volumes; open to its members. There is a Library belonging to the Medical Department of Yale College, and kept in the Med. Coll. Building; No. of vols. 900. There is also in the Law Building a Library of Law books belonging to the College, and containing 1900 volumes.

The Trumbull Gallery consists of two rooms, each 30 ft. square, 24 ft. high. The North room, or Trumbull Gallery proper, contains 50 paintings by Col. Trumbull. The South room contains a collection of portraits of the past and present officers and benefactors of the College, etc. (45 in number) also seven pieces of sculpture, many ancient coins, medals and other memorials of antiquity.

LIBRARIES IN MIDDLETOWN, Conn.

The library of the Wesleyan university has more than 6000 vols. Two Society libraries of the students (3000 each), 6000. The Missionary Ly