Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction: With 79 Tables ; EWC '98 ; [this Volume is the Result of the International IDNDR-Conference on Early Warning Systems for the Reduction of Natural Disasters, Held at the Geo-Forschungszentrum in Potsdam, Germany from 7-11 September 1998.]

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Springer Science & Business Media, 2003 - 834 páginas
This volume is the result of the International IDNDR-Conference on Early Warning Systems for the Reduction of Natural Disasters, held at the Geo ForschungsZentrum in Potsdam, Germany from 7-11 September 1998. En dorsed by the United Nations International Decade for Natural Disasters Reduc tion which had been established by the United Nations General Assembly in December 1989, it was jointly organised by the GeoForschungsZentrum Pots dam and the German IDNDR-Committee. The event brought together 370 scientists, public officials, and representatives of the United Nations system, non-governmental and international organisations and diverse professional, commercial, and civic individuals from 86 countries. Together they comprised a wide and multidisciplinary range of experience, as both providers and users of early warning and preparedness information related to natural disasters. The Potsdam Early Warning Conference represented the first major thematic com ponent of IDNDR's concluding evaluation. It provides recommendations to en sure disaster reduction into the 21st Century. The conference dealt with an essential goal of the decade, expressed as a ma jor priority of the Decade's Scientific and Technical Committee. It was included in the Plan of Action adopted at the 1994 World Conference on Natural Disas ter Reduction in Yokohama, Japan, and was the subject of three subsequent UN General Assembly resolutions on the improved effectiveness of early warning between 1994 and 1997. The German Minister for Foreign Affairs, Mr.
 

Índice

Bringing Early Warning to the People Public and Partnership Responsibilities for Early Warning
13
Early Warning Systems for the Reduction of Natural Disasters in China
15
The Human Factor in Early Warnings Risk Perception and Appropriate Communications
19
Scientific Contributions to Effective Early Warning in an Environmental Context
27
Natural Disaster Early Warning The Role of NGOs
33
Community Mobilisation for Early Warning in the Philippines
37
Disaster Management and Cyclone Warning System in Bangladesh
49
Early Warning and Public Communication
65
UrEDAS The Early Warning System for Mitigation of Disasters Caused by Earthquakes and Tsunamis
451
On the Establishment of an Automatic Earthquake Information Broadcast System in Taiwan
459
European Warning System
463
25 Seconds for Bucharest
469
Early Warning Success for the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake A Best Practice Integrating Public Administration and Science
477
Predictions and Social Response Capacities in Face of the 1995 Menglian Earthquake M An Overview 73
479
Project of Creation of an Earthquake Early Warning System for Armenia
485
Can Plate Motion Surveys by GPS Measurements be Considered as an Alert System in Earthquake Occurrence?
493

Public Communication of Warnings
67
Public Communication of Early Warnings Role of the Government
71
The Role of the Media in Public Communication of Early Warnings
73
Early Warning Community Interpretations and Perceptions A Case of Recurrent Floods and their Warnings in Delhi India
77
Disaster Early Warning and Individuals with Special Needs In Aggregate the Underserved Represent a Significant Portion of Society
81
Bringing Early Warning to the People Electronic Technology The Role of the Internet
85
Aspects of Disaster Management Emergency and Social Respone with Respect to Early Warnings
89
Systems and Problems of Early Warning in Germany
91
Benefits of Early Warning from the Viewpoint of the Insurance Industry
93
Natural Risks in Albania and the Role of Related Warning Systems
101
Interaction and Cooperation Between Russia and NIS in the Area of Preventing Emergency Situations of Technogenic and Natural Character
105
Gender Age and Social Class in Psychological Work in Disaster Situations
111
Psychological Interventions in Disaster Situations
117
Early Warning Systems for Hydrometeorological Hazards
123
The Role of the WMO World Weather Watch System in Mitigating HydroMeteorological Disasters
125
Meteorological and Hydrological Early Warning Systems
133
Early Warning Systems for Tropical Storms
163
Track Forecast Guidance Improvements for Early Warnings of Tropical Cyclones
165
The Tropical Cyclone Warning System in the Southwest Pacific
183
Early Warning System for Tropical Storms in India
189
Success and Failure of Early Warning Systems A Case Study of the Gujarat Cyclone of June 1998
197
From Good TC Track Forecasts Towards Good Early Warning of Intensity Changes
201
Improving the Tropical Cyclone Warning System and its Effective Dissemination in Mauritius
207
Early Warning Systems for Floods
211
RealTime Flood Forecasting Problems Possibilities and Proposed Solutions
213
Satellite Monitoring of Floods as a Part of the Early Warning System
239
Snowmelt Forecasting as a Contribution to Operational Flood Warning A System Integrating Remote Sensing Data and Meteorological Model Output
245
ShortTime Flood Forecast Methodology Using a HydroMeteorological Risk Concept for Flood Plains
251
HydroMeteorological Tools for Flood Protection in River Basins
257
Extreme Runoff Events in Small Catchments the Need for a Proper Modelling Strategy for Early Warning Systems
263
Using Real Time Data and a Flow Prediction Model to Assist in the Operation of the Orange River
269
GISELE A New Capability for Flash Flood Early Warnings Over Garonne River SubBasins
275
The Passage of the 97 Flood Wave on the Lower Odra
281
The Oder River Flood in Summer 1997 from Brandenburgs Point of View
287
Cultural and Political Obstacles to Accepting Early Warnings of the Aral Sea Disaster
303
Early Warning Systems for the Detection and Response to Severe Floods
309
Early Warning Systems Related to Drought and Mitigation of Famine
315
Prediction of African Rainfall and Household Food Security
317
Global Information and Early Warning System on Food and Agriculture Appropriate Technology and Institutional Development Challenges
335
Early Warning and Geography Space Time and User Needs Examples from Famine Early Warning
343
Agrometeorological Information System for Mitigation of the Effects of Drought in Hungary
349
Early and Dynamic Warning An Integrated Approach to Drought Management
355
Monitoring and Early Warnings Related to the El Nino Phenomenon
363
Monitoring and Early Warning Systems Related to the ElNino Phenomenon An Overview
365
Towards Operational Prediction of El Nino by a Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Model
367
Operational Seasonal Predictions in Australia
373
ECMWF Seasonal Forecasting System Performance and Evaluation
377
Early Warning Systems for Severe Weather Phenomena in mid and High Latitudes
389
Services from the Norwegian Meteorological Institute Can Reduce the Effects of Disasters Both Natural and ManMade
391
The Early Warning and Forecasting System EWFS for the Reduction of Serious AtmosphereHydrosphere Disasters
397
Early Warning Systems for the Mitigation of Geological Hazards
401
Early Warning Systems for the Mitigation of Geological Hazards an Overview
403
Early Warning Systems for Earthquakes
405
Earthquake Early Warning Systems Current Status and Perspectives
407
Earthquake Disasters Prediction Prevention and Early Warning
423
Towards an Earthquake Early Warning System for the Megacity of Istanbul
431
The Seismic Alert System in Mexico City and the School Prevention Program
439
Earthquake Early Warning System in Japan
445
Early Warning Systems for Volcano Monitoring and Eruption Warnings
501
Volcano Monitoring and Eruption Warnings
503
Geochemical Monitoring on Merapi Volcano Indonesia
509
Remote Sensing of Subglacial Eruptions in Iceland and the Development of Related Warning Systems
513
Information and Warnings to Authorities and to the Public About Seismic and Volcanic Hazards in Iceland
519
The MerapiProject Interdisciplinary Monitoring of a HighRisk Volcano as a Basis for an Early Warning System
525
Early Warning Systems for Tsunami
531
Early Warning Systems for Tsunami an Overview
533
Tsunami Warning System in Japan
535
Advances in the Chilean Tsunami Warning System and Application of the TIME Project to the Chilean Coast
541
A Tsunami Warning System in the SW Aegean Sea Greece
547
Early Warning Systems for Mountain Hazards
551
Early Warning Systems Related to Mountain Hazards
553
Movement Studies to Forecast the Time of Breaking off of Ice and Rock Masses
563
Avalanche Warning Switzerland 2000
567
Monitoring the Conditions of Dangerous Lakes in Uzbekistan and Contiguous Territories
577
Early Warning Systems for Fire and Other Environmental Hazards
581
The Contribution of the Global Fire Monitoring Center GFMC for Early Warning and Management of Wildfires
583
Application of Logistic Models to Predict Human Caused Forest Fires in Siberia
591
The Use of Microsatellites in the Fight Against Pest Plagues
599
ECPCs Global to Regional Fire Weather Forecast System
607
Overview of Lightning Detectors Their Role in Risk Management of the Lightning Hazard
613
Meteorology and Desert Locust Experience and Implementation of a Monitoring System
617
Early Warning Systems for Asteroid Impacts
623
SpaceBorne Autonomous OnBoard Recognition of High Temperature Events
631
Dedicated Earth Monitoring and Disaster Warning Applications by Asia Pacific Advanced Network APAN
639
The Finnish Forest Fire Index Calculation System
643
Satellite Based Forest Fire Detection and Automatic Alert System Pilot Experiment
647
Early Warning Systems for Rapid Damage Assessment and the Mitigation of Technological Hazards
653
Technological Hazards
655
Early Warning Systems for Mitigation of EarthquakeRelated Technological Risks
673
A New Concept for the Earthquake Vulnerability Estimation and its Application to the Early Warning System
691
RealTime City Gas Network Damage Estimation System SIGNAL
699
GPS Monitoring of Structures Recent Advances
707
The Earthquake Early Warning System of the Armenian Nuclear Power Plant
713
Concept for Seismic Alarm and Monitoring of SovietDesigned Nuclear Power Plants
717
Optimizing the Seismic Early Warning System for the Tohoku Shinkansen
725
The Role of Satellite Techniques in Early Warning Systems Stateoftheart and Perspectives
733
Toward an Integrated Space Strategy for Disaster Management
735
The Satellite Techniques in Early Warning Systems for Large Towns and Megacities
739
Monitoring Fires with European Remote Sensing Satellite ERS2 The Rush ATSR Fire Product Demonstration
743
Remote Sensing and CIS for Warning of Geological Hazards Application in Vietnam
751
The SAP Concept European Networked Approach for Organising the Generation of Products Based on Satellite Data
761
Use of Advanced Earth Observation Capabilities for Disaster Management The Example of the Oder Flood 1997
767
The Use of NOAAAVHRR Data for Flood Disaster Monitoring in the Mekong River Delta
779
Special Problems of Early Warning Systems for Developing Countries and Small Island States
787
An Early Warning System for Use in Developing Countries and Small Island States
789
Small Island States and Early Warning Systems
795
Tropical Cyclone Warnings and the Factors that Influence Response The Trinidad and Tobago Experience
799
Special Problems Faced by Sri Lanka as a Small Island State with Regard to Early Warning Systems for Cyclonic Storms
805
Transferring Flood Warning Technology to Vulnerable Communities in Jamaica
809
Future Technology Needs Accessibility and Affordability of Early Warning Systems
813
Technical Requirements for Early Warning Systems
815
Officers List
821
EWC98 Officers
823
Author Index
825
Subject Index
827
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