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CONTENTS
PART I: INTRODUCTORY
·
CHAPTER I
REVIEW OF EUROPEAN HISTORY
1. The European Concert . . . . . . . .
2. Belgian neutrality . . ..
. . . . . .
3. The Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente . . . . .
4. Crises . . . . . .
5. Fashoda . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. The Algeciras Conference . . . . . . :
7. The Casablanca affair.
8. Bosnia and Herzegovina . . . . . . . . .
9. Agadir . . . . . . .
10. The Turco-Italian War ,'.
11. The Balkan Wars . . .
12. The situation just before the War of 1914 .
. . .
situation just belore the War of 1914
. .
.
· ·
PART II: ANALYSIS OF THE DOCUMENTS
CHAPTER II
THE AUSTRO-SERB CONFLICT
1. The terms of the Austrian note. ..
2. Efforts of the powers to secure an extension of the time limit. .
3. The powers influence Servia to make a conciliatory reply . . .
4. Servia's reply · · · · · · · · · · · ·
5. Austria rejects Servia's reply . . . . . . . . ..
6. The powers urge Austria to delay military operations and accept
the Servian reply as a basis for discussion . . . . .
7. Austrian assurances . . . . . . . . . . .
8. Austria declares war on Servia . . . . . . . . . 85
9. Austria explains the purpose of her action . . . . . . 89
. CHAPTER III
THE AUSTRO-RUSSIAN DISCUSSIONS
1. Russia's interest in the Austro-Servian conflict . . .
2. Russia believes Austria's action is directed against herself .
CHAPTER IV
GERMANY'S SITUATION :
1. Germany's interest in the dispute . . . . . . . 117
2. Germany declares that the Austrian note was not communicated to
her beforehand . . . . . . . . . 119
3. Germany pledged to support Austria .
. . 123
4. Germany insists upon the “localization" of the Austro-Servian
conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. The responsibility Russia will incur by supporting Servia. . 131
6. The situation between Germany and Russia becomes acute . .
7. Germany delivers an ultimatum to Russia . . . . . .
133
142
CHAPTER V
FRANCE SUPPORTS RUSSIA
1. Germany asks France to use her influence with Russia .
2. France believes Germany intends to precipitate a war .
3. France supports her ally . . . . . . . .
4. Military preparations in Germany and France . . .
5. The German ultimatum to France . . . . . .
CHAPTER VI
MOBILIZATION
1. The meaning of mobilization . . . . .
2. The issuance of the order for general mobilization
3. Intermediate military preparations . . . .
4. The fatal succession of mobilizations . . .
CHAPTER VII
THE BREAKDOWN OF THE CONCERT
1. European diplomacy in the Balkans . . .
. . . .195
2. Sir Edward Grey proposes a conference of the powers . . . 197
3. Germany makes objection to mediation . . . . . . 205
4. Russia proposes to Austria to enter upon “conversations" . . 213
5. The powers employ their good offices at Vienna and St. Peters-
burg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 -
231
6. Efforts to discover a formula for mediation . . . . . . 229
7. Germany asked to “press the button” . . .
8. The San Giuliano suggestion for mediation upon Servia's uncondi-
tional acceptance of the ultimatum . . . . . . . 234
9. The Cambon suggestion of mediation after Austria's occupation
of Belgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
10. The Grey proposal for a collective guaranty of the powers . . 239
11. Germany asks Russia to propose a formula . .
12. Austria agrees to mediation . . . . . . . . . . 252
13. The failure to reach a compromise . . . . . . . .264
. 242
V
CHAPTER VIII
SIR EDWARD GREY AND THE ENGLISH DIPLOMACY
1. The important rôle of England . . . . . . . . . 268
2. Efforts to prevent war . . . . . . . . . . 270
3. Efforts to organize mediation . . . . . . . . . 270
4. England refuses to take sides . . . . . . . . . 273
5. The Anglo-French Entente . . . . . . . . . . 282
6. England declares that she is not interested in a Balkan question . 293
7. England warns Germany that she will not hold aloof if France is
involved . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 295
8. Germany's bid for English neutrality . . . . . . . 297
9. Divergence of opinion in England . . . . . . . . 303
10. England's vital interests . . . . . . . . . . 311
11. England's inquiry relative to Belgium's neutrality . . . . 316
12. England asked to guarantee the neutrality of France . . . 328
13. Germany's detention of English vessels . . . . .
. 336
14. Germany invades Luxemburg . . . . . . . . 337
15. England agrees to protect the French coast . . . . . . 339
16. The British ultimatum . . . . . . . . . . . 352
CHAPTER IX
BELGIAN NEUTRALITY
1. The history of Belgian neutrality . . . . .
2. The obligation to respect the treaty of April 19, 1839 .
3. The obligation to make good the guaranty of neutrality .
4. The right to make war and the equality of states . .
5. Anglo-Belgian conversations . . . . . . .
6. Effect of Belgium's preparations against Germany . .
7. Alleged violations of Belgian neutrality . . . . .
8. The violation of the neutrality of Luxemburg . . .
9. Some considerations concerning Belgium's right to resist .
10. Germany accuses England of misrepresentations in regard to
CHAPTER X
ITALY DECLARES SHE WILL REMAIN NEUTRAL
1. Italy desirous for peace . . . . . . . . . .
2. San Giuliano's helpful suggestions . . . . . . .
3. Italian coöperation with England . . . . . . .
4. Italy declares she will remain neutral . . . . .
. 457
. 462
. 465
. 467
CHAPTER XI
CONCLUSION
1. The interest of the United States in the war
2. Suggested and alleged causes of the war .
3. Displacement of the balance of power . .
4. The immediate causes of the war . . .
5. The determining causes of the war. . .
6. The world's answer . . . . . .
7. Formation of a Super-Empire . .
8. The “Peace power" . . . . .
9. Germany's nationalistic conception . . .
10. Nationalism and internationalism . . .
11. The results . . . . . . .
479
· · · · · ·
..::
.......
491
. 495
· · ·
. 500
. 502
. 508
. 514
CHAPTER XIII
DOCUMENTS
POLITICAL AIMS OF THE POWERS
Washington's Farewell Address, September 17, 1796. (Extract.) . . 530
Bismarck's Speech in the Reichstag, February 6, 1888. (Extract.) . 533
Apocryphal Will of Peter the Great (the Sokolnicki Text) . . . 537
The Declaration of the American Deleg å at the First Hague Con-
ference . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 539