Treaty of Lausanne (Oct. 18, 1912): | Treaty of St. Petersburg (July 4,
26.
Treaty of London (June 26, 1831):
purpose of Belgian neutralization,
379 f.; England's views regarding,
388.
Treaty of London (Nov. 15, 1831):
relative to separation of Belgium
from Holland, 600.
Treaty of London (April 19, 1839):
relative to neutralization of Bel-
gium (text), 600; purpose of Bel-
gian neutralization, 378 ff.; reasons
why terminated, 383 ff.; Germany
bound by, 385; binding force of
(Gladstone), 386; (Munroe Smith),
386 n; changed conditions of Bel-
gium, effect on, 387; attitude of
Holland towards, 389; serves Eng-
land as excuse for war (Hollweg),
455 n; Niemeyer's view of, 504.
Treaty of London (May 11, 1867):
(text), 603; 338-339, 422-431;
England's misinterpretation of,
423 ff.
Treaty of London (Aug. 9, 1870)
(see also Neutralization): between
Great Britain and Prussia, relative
to the independence and neutral-
ity of Belgium (text), 602; effect
of, on treaty of 1839, 383.
Treaty of London (Jan. 17, 1871):
broken by Austria in annexation
of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 21,
429.
Treaty of London (July 13, 1911):
between Great Britain and Japan
(text), 541-542.
Treaty of London (May 30, 1913):
following Balkan wars, 27, 32.
(Treaty) Declaration of London
(Feb. 26, 1909): 88.
Treaty of Sofia (signed at Sofia, Feb.
29, 1912): of friendship and alli-
ance between Bulgaria and Servia,
secret appendix to (text), 572–574.
Treaty of St. Petersburg (July 30,
1907): between Japan and Russia
guaranteeing the present territory
of each, the integrity of China and
the "Open Door," in China (text),
550.
Treaty of St. Petersburg (Aug. 31,
1907): agreement of England and
Russia concerning their interests
in Asia (text), 546-550.
1910): convention between Russia
and Japan concerning Manchuria,
(text), 551.
Treaty of Vienna (Oct. 7, 1879):
Austro-German Alliance, 540-541.
Trespass: fallacious comparison of
Belgian invasion to, 452.
Trèves: 169–170.
Trieste: 32.
Triple Alliance (see also Casus
fæderis): formation of, 3-9; treaty
(1879) between Austria and Ger-
many (text), 540-541; (Germany,
Austria, Italy) established (1883),
8; Bülow explains effects of, 9; Tur-
key practically a member of, 20;
Italy an independent member of,
25-26, 35, 75, 83; increasing arma-
ment of, 35; Jagow's objection to
opposing of, by the Entente, 209;
challenges Triple Entente (Paris
Journal des Débats), 265; contains
seeds of own dissolution, 457;
Italy's interests opposed to, 457-
459; Italy declares defensive na-
ture of, excludes aggression, 470;
Italy refuses to agree to aggression
against Servia, 471-472; Bülow
considers, will prevent Italy from
attacking Germany, 471-472;
member of, required to commu-
nicate diplomatic transactions
(Thayer), 472; does not apply to
Mediterranean, 478 n; stabilizing
effect of (Bülow), 478; Triple
Entente gaining on, 478.
Triple Entente (see also Anglo-
French Entente): formation of,
3-18, 551; declaration (1904) of
England and France respecting
Egypt and Morocco, 544-546;
Convention (1907) between Great
Britain and Russia concerning in-
terests in Asia, 546-550; forced
to accept Austria's annexation of
Bosnia and Herzegovina (1908),
21-22; increasing armament of,
35; critical internal situation of
each power of (1914), 36; en-
deavors of, to secure extention of
time limit of Austrian ultimatum,
59-61, 270; influences Servia to
make conciliatory reply, 62-64,
270; urges moderation on Austria,
82; efforts of, for mediation, 270-
273; England refuses to take side | Vallona: see Avlona
of, 273-282, 286-288, 293-295;
Grey's account of, 288-292, 313;
interest of England to preserve,
311-316; gaining strength over
Triple Alliance, 478.
Triplice: see Triple Alliance.
Tripoli: 24-26.
Troubetzkoy, General, Attaché to the
Military Household of the Tsar of
Russia.
Tsar of Russia, see Nicholas.
Tunis: acquisition of, by France, 8.
Turkey: befriended by Austria and
Germany, 19; revolution of Young
Turks, 20; Russian designs upon,
after (1908), 93-94, 123-124;
Turco-Italian War (1911-12), 24-
26; Balkan Wars, 26-27; Treaty of
London, 27; von Bülow considers
importance of, for Germany, 27-
28; Treaty of Bukharest (1913),
29; German diplomacy in Turco-
Italian War, 458.
Ultimatum (see also English ulti-
matum, German ultimatum to
Belgium, German ultimatum to
France, German ultimatum to
Russia): defined, 51 n, 52; pre-
sented by United States (1898)
and Austria (1914), 584; first
Sazonof formula in the nature of,
245-246, 248.
United States: obligation to protect
Belgium, 391; unfavorable im-
pression caused by "scrap of
paper" remark in, 454 n; interest
of, in the war, 474-475; under-
standing with England, 498; place
of, in development of international
law, 513; negotiations with Span-
ish Government following the de-
struction of the Maine, 579, 584;
action in case of Maine compared
with Austria's action in regard to
Servia, 579, 583.
United States Census: 475 n.
Universities of America: appeal to,
653.
Unter den Linden: 105 n.
Usher, Roland G.: Belgium and the
balance of power (extract from
Pan-Germanism), 597.
Uskub: 33.
Venezuela: difference with England
concerning boundary, 542–543.
Victoria, Queen: speech of, regarding
Anglo-American cooperation in
American affairs, 542; speech of,
regarding Anglo-American arbi-
tration, 543.
Vienna: Congress of, 1815, 3-4.
Villiers, Sir F., British Minister to
Belgium.
Violation of Prussian Constitution:
Bismarck guilty of, 494.
Vital interest: definition of a, 524;
states should confine policies to,
485 n; independence of Servia, for
Russia, 524; England entered war
to protect, 526.
Vital issue: 357-359 n.
Viviani, René, Premier of France
and Minister for Foreign Affairs:
attitude of Germany (July 31),
162-163; German and French
mobilization, 169-172; German
ultimatum to France, 174-176;
approves Grey's plan of mediation,
206-207; urges Russia to adhere
to Cambon suggestion, 238-239;
describes Austrian diplomacy,
258-259; says Russia agrees to
arrest mobilization, 259; criticism
of statement of, concerning Rus-
sia's acceptance of mediation pro-
posal, 259-260 n; mistake of, that
Russia agrees to arrest mobiliza-
tion, 260 n.
Vosges: 169.
Waiting attitude: Russia willing to
maintain, 249.
Waliszewski, K: 537 n.
War (see also Causes of the war-
Laws of war Responsibility for
the war): European situation pre-
ceding, 34-37; German people did
not want, 188; efforts to prevent,
188; thrust upon Russia, 189;
Germany did not want, 191;
avoidance of, by acceptance of
Grey proposal, 251; Germany be-
lieves can be avoided, 251-252;
Germany's declaration of, forced
by Russian mobilization, 251;
Tsar says German declaration pre-
vents acceptance of English pro-
posal, 254-255 n; treaties for the
event of, 380 ff.; right to make,
391 ff.; and the equality of states,
391 ff.; Italy declares Austrian
action aggressive, 470; avoidable,
considered crime, 475; why mo-
ment for, opportune for Germany,
479; responsibility for, 480; Ger-
many declares, because of Russian
mobilization, 488 n; Grey could
not have prevented, 491; respon-
sibility for, not personal, 492;
regarded more highly in Germany,
495; danger of, known to lie in
European Dualism, 499; cause of,
different way of thinking, 508;
results of the, of 1914, 514-515;
aim of diplomacy to avoid, 521;
popular reason for every Russian,
524; public opinion in Russia con-
cerning, 524; Delbrück predicts,
between Germany and England,
560; larger meanings of (Gid-
dings), 652; issues of, as affecting
America (Eliot), 655.
War Chronicle: 120 n, 285-286.
War party: at Vienna, 156.
War power: distinguished
"peace power," 500-501.
Warning: difference between, and
threats, 306 n.
"War-thought": 510.
Warsaw: 110, 113.
Washington: effect of example of,
494; Farewell Address, 530-533.
Waxweiler, E.; La Belgique neutre et
loyale: 400 n, 409 n, 438 n, 453 n.
Weltpolitik: 497.
Westlake, John: consideration to be
given special interest and prepon-
derating power, 393 n; the alleged
inherent right of self-preservation,
640.
Westminster Gazette: 224 n, 309 n,
556.
Wicker, Cyrus French; Neutraliza-
tion: extracts from, 339, 432 n,
639.
William II, Emperor of Germany:
interest in Morocco, 16, 23; tries
to mediate between Austria and
Russia, 112, 115, 145-146 n, 329-
330; but hampered by Russian
mobilization, 115, 145-146 n; af-
fected by monarchical solidarity
(J. Cambon), 125, 145 n, 157;
urges Austria to continue discus-
sion, 242; appeals to Tsar to sup-
press regicide, 252 n; holds Tsar
responsible for outcome, 253 n;
telegram to King George, 286 n;
telegram regarding French neu-
trality, 328-329; message to Sir E.
Goschen, Aug. 5, 368–369; has had
no Chancellor, 495; responsibility
of, for the war, 521; Daily Tele-
graph's interview with, 563.
Wolff Press Agency: 80.
World: answers question of respon-
sibility for the war, 495-496.
World, New York: 354 n, 407 n.
World organization (see also Super-
Empire): 495.
Yellow Book, French: mistakes in,
285-286 n.
Young Turks: 18, 20, 76 n.
Zimmerman, von, German Under-
Secretary of State for Foreign
Affairs: believes Russia will not
act, 102.
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