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Watten (73 miles), the ancient Ilium prom, to Hazebrouck (6) miles), where the line to Dunwhich the sea came up in Cæsar's time. It has an įkirk turns off (see Route 3), is a sous-préfecture of

old watch tower on the hill, from whence England may be seen, and where stood a house of pilgrimage. The next station (5 miles farther) is

ST. OMER,

23 miles from Calais, 210 from Paris.

HOTELS.-Hotel de la Porte d'Or, Rue St. Bertin. New proprietor, D. Coolen. Very attentive and charges moderate.

Hotel d'Angleterre; Du Commerce. English Service, on Sundays, in Rue de Bon Pasteur.

OBJECTS OF NOTICE.-The Church-St. Bertin's Tower- Jesuits' College.

A fortified town of the third class, and sous-préfecture, in department Pas-de-Calais, in a marshy spot, on the Aa, where six great roads meet; with 19,340 inhabitants. During the fury of the Revolution its name was changed to "Morin la Montagne!" It is surrounded by the canals and gardens of a Flemish-speaking population. St. Audomar founded

church here, and gave his name to the town. Louis XIV. took it from Flanders, 1677. The old cathedral Church of Nôtre Dame was begun in the 14th cent., on the site of St. Audomar's, whose tomb it contains, besides good carved work, a picture by Rubens, &c. It is 321 feet long, and deserves examination; the clock shows the moon's changes, the months, the signs of the zodiac, &c. This is at one end of the town; at the opposite end stands a Tower only of St. Bertin's abbey, where Childeric III. died. It was one of the finest convents in this part, with an income of half a million livres. The tower of St. Denis's church is in the same massive style. The Jesuits' College, built 1615-36, for English Roman Catholics, is now occupied by a commercial school; its church is worth notice. Here O'Connell began his education when a boy. The Hôtel de Ville is modern, with a dome; the museum has some antiquities; and there are 18,000 volumes in the public library. An arsenal was built in 1781. Occasionally, military manœuvres on a large scale are practised here, and at Helfaut Camp, 18 miles distant.

Linens, flannels, paper, excellent pipes, &c., are made, and a good trade carried on.

In the neighbourhood are Clairmarais abbey (5 kil.), and its floating islands, and the old Castle of Arques (2 kil.) near the Sept Ecluses, or seven locks of the Aa, which falls 40 feet here, in its descent to Gravelines.

Eblinghem (63 miles).

8,000 souls, in a fertile spot, on a branch of the Lys. It has a large church, built 1490-1520, with a handsome spire-tower of 276 feet; a new Hôtel de Ville, fronted by a portico of twelve pillars; a government tobacco factory, at the old Augustine convent; a library of 4,000 volumes. Linen, soap, &c., are made. Hotel.-Des Trois Chevaux (three horses).

Coaches to Lillers and Aire.

The direct line to Arras, via Bethune, is now open, thus reducing the Paris journey about 30 miles. LILLERS (14 kil. south-south-west), in department

Pas-de-Calais, on the fertile banks of the Nave, where one of the earliest artesian wells in France was bored, so-called from the old name, Artois, of this province. The fountains rise up in jets. Pop. 5,200, engaged in the manufacture of pottery, linseed oil, &c.

AIRE (13 kil. west-south-west), a third-class fortress, where the Lys and Laquette meet the St. Omer and Bassée canals. It has a belfry of the last century; and St. Paul's Gothic church, in which is a ridiculous picture of Herodias with the Baptist's head. Mallebranche was a native. Pop. 8,300. Hotels.-D'Angleterre; De France. Strazeele (4 miles).

Bailleul (5 miles), an ancient-looking place, on a hill, with old carved houses, St. Waast's old church, and a Jesuits' college. Pop. 10,200.

Steenwerck (2 miles).

Armentieres (53 miles), on the Lys, noted for its grain, linen, &c. Pop. 8,400.

Perenchies (33 miles). The next place to this (5 miles) is Lille.

LILLE.

65 miles from Calais, 171 miles from Paris. HOTELS.-De l'Europe, the best in the town. Paris; Nouveau Monde; Flandre; France; Chemin de fer du Nord.

English Service, twice on Sundays.

OBJECTS OF NOTICE.-Citadel-Church, and Porte St. André-St. Maurice's Church-Hôtel de Ville-Museum-Hôpital Comtesse.

Pop. 76,000. A large manufacturing town, on the Belgian frontier, capital of department du Nord (for merly of French Flanders), a strongly fortified post, and head quarters of a military division, &c., standing in a fertile and populous plain, covered with windmills and factories, 15 leagues from the sea, on the Deule, and the canal from the Scarpe to the Lys. It grew out of an abbey, founded about 840; was im

proved by Baldwin V., in 1047, and after many events, | official bureaux; also an old chapel, and a modern

including the taking of it from the Spaniards, by Louis XIV., in 1667, and from the French, by Marlborough, in 1708, it was finally given up to France, 1713.

In shape it is an oval, about 2,620 yards by 1,300 yards, entirely closed in by ramparts and ditches, strengthened by 15 bastions, by Fort St. Maurice, on the south-east side, and a Citadel of great extent, on the west. The latter, one of Vauban's best, is fivesided, and considered almost impregnable. The Austrians tried to take it, 1792, but without success; a fact commemorated by a bronze column, in the Grande Place, near the Bourse.

Porte St. André is the oldest of its seven gates, having been built in 1670; the Porte de Paris has a triumphal arch, by Volans, built 1682, in honour of Louis XIV., whose bust is here, accompanied by figures of Hercules and Mars. The best streets are Rue Royal, Rue de Paris, Rue d'Esquermois, Rue St. Sauveur, and Rue St. André. Most of the houses are modern and regular, and generally two stories high; but many work-people live in cellars. A broad Esplanade near the citadel is planted with trees, and watered by the Deule.

The largest open part, next to the Grande Place, is the cattle and wood Market, near the Douane (custom-house); some of the oldest houses are in this neighbourhood, having their fronts carved in the Flemish or Spanish style; and here are the public baths. Pont Neuf is a small bridge of six arches, built 1701, on the Grand Rivage, a branch of the Deule, where goods are landed. Pont Royal is ascended by steps and covered over. In this quarter, also, are the Palais de Justice (with a portico of four pillars); the general hospital, founded 1783; the government tobacco factory, magazines, barracks, the artillery depôt, large public granary, &c.

The six parish churches are those of St. André, the best, restored since the Revolution; St. Catherine, which has an altar piece by Rubens, and a high tower; St. Etienne, having a good portal; St. Madeleine, with a cupola and pictures; St. Sauveur, which had a Gothic pire battered down, 1792; and the ancient Gothic church of St. Maurice, (begun 1022), with its side chapels, and the Duc de Berri's mausoleum. A part of St. Peter's old tower is all that remains of that S

Noer the Citadel, in Rue de la Barre, stands the Motel de Ville, called the Palais de Rihoult or Riche bourg, when it belonged to the Dukes of Burgundy, who began it in the 13th cent. It is a Gothic pile of various dates; and includes the tribunal of commerce Two nictures, by Wamps), and various

belfry. Charles V. and Henry VIII. visited it together, 1542. The Hôtel de la Préfecture is near the Place du Concert and the Theatre.

Not far from Place St. Martin are the following:The Museum, in the old church of the Friars Minors, having several pictures, including some by Vandyke, Rubens, &c., portraits of the Dukes of Flanders, and valuable drawings by Raphael, Giotto, and others, given by Wicar, a native of Lille, who died at Rome, 1834. Next it is the old men's hospital, or Hôpital Comtesse, founded in the 13th cent., by Countess Jeanne, daughter of the emperor, Baldwin IX., and having a slender spire like a minaret. The Hôtel de Monnaie (or mint) adjoins the Cirque, which they say marks the site of the Château de Buc, built by 'Lyderic," founder of the town. At the College is the public library, of 24,000 volumes, besides MSS.

The Bourse, or Exchange, stands in Grande Place; it was built 1652, with a square court inside. Behind it is the Theatre, begun 1785, but since enlarged, and having a handsome portico of eight columns.

A large Military Hospital is seen near the Porte Bethune, built 1765. The hospital St. Sauveur is near that church, and the Hôtel Dieu.

At the Administration des Hospices, are a picture by Vandyke, and the halbert of the famous Jeanne Maillotte, leader of the townspeople against the insurgent Flemish, who attacked the place, 1582.

There are at Lille, as might be expected, several Casernes, or barracks, and magazines; also schools of medicine, painting, &c.; and a botanic garden. Here died, 1852, an old veteran, aged 88, called Coulomben l'Immortel. Among other escapes, when taken in the Vendéan war and shot for not giving the pass-word, he fell pierced with ton balls and four stabs of the bayonet, and yet survived sixty years after. Another celebrity was M. Fokedy who died, near this, in 1853, at the great age of 95. He was one of the members of the Convention who voted against the execution of Louis XVI.

Revs. MM. Marzian and Deboeck are Protestant pastors here.

The Manufactures are cottons and linen, Lille thread, lace, soap, chemicals, beet-root sugar, linseed oil, eaux-de-vie, and various other articles.

Conveyances, by railway to Calais, Dunkirk, Brus. sels, Mons, Cologne, &c.; by coach, to Bethune, &c.; also by baraque to these and other places, on the canals. Cysoing, to the south-east, has part of an old abbey, and a pyramid in honour of Louis XV., who was here after the battle of Fontenoy.

From Lille, on the rail to Ghent or Gand, you pasa

Roubaix (54 miles), a large town of 31,700 people, | dressed in armour. This popular show has been kept and a thriving seat of the cotton manufactures. Hotel.-Hotel Frreaille.

Tourcoing (14 miles), noted for its linge-de-table, or table linen. Pop., 28,000. Hotel-Du Cygne. Mouscron (3) miles), where carriages are changed

for

Belgium. Travellers are advised not to have cigars, tobacco, lace, &c., about them, without declaring it at the douane, as the regulations are very strict; about half-a-pound of tobacco and 25 cigars are allowed. [BETHUNE (38 kil. south-west of Lille), a sous préfecture on the old road to Calais, and a strong military place of the second class, on the river Brette, and two canals, which meet here. The grand place (square) has, near the Hôtel de Ville, a curious and lofty spire tower or belfry. Much of the water is supplied by artesian wells, which were first tried here. It has a good trade. Pop., 7,100.

Hotels-De France; d'Angleterre; du Lion d'Or (Golden Lion),

The wood of Dames Chartreuses offers a fine panorama.]

Leaving Lille, the next station (after passing the faubourg of Fives, where changes are sometimes made) is

up for four centuries. At the English College for priests, founded by Cardinal Allen, the Douai version of the Old Testament was first published, 1609. A worthy seminarist of Douai, visiting England in the 17th cent., was asked, "Quid vidisti ?"—What most astonished him there? "Vidi," said the scandalized priest, "Vidi episcopos, et episcopas, et episcopatulos." (I have seen bishops, and bishops' wives, and bishops' children !)

Pop., 20,600. Tapestry, sewing thread, bone lace, &c., are made.

Coach to Cambrai (see Route 5).

At Douai, the line to Valenciennes and Brussels parts off, as in Route 4. The next stations on our present line are

Vitry (5 miles), and

Roux (4 miles); and 5 miles beyond that, is ARRAS.

102 miles from Calais, 134 miles from Paris. HOTELS.-Du Griffon; L'Europe; St. Pol; Commerce; Du Petit Paris.

OBJECTS OF NOTICE. -Hôtel de Ville-St. Waast's Abbey-Robespierre's House.

Pop. 24,000. A strongly fortified town, chief place of department Pas-de-Calais (formerly of Artois province, which gave title of Comte d'Artois to Charles X.), a third-class military station, seat of a bishopric,

Seclin (6 miles). Pop., 3.400. Carvin (6 miles), in department Du Nord, with tribunal, college, chamber of manufactures, &c., in a its pop. of 5,100 starch-makers, &c. fertile plain, on the Scarpe. It was the Atrebates of Leforest (32 miles), in department Pas-de-Calais; Cæsar, and even in St. Jerome's time (5th cent.) was then comes du Nord again, at noted for its trade.

Douai (5 miles), a strong town, and sous-préfecture, having a cour impèriale, tribunal, college, and School for Artillery and engineers, to which the Duke of Wellington was sent when a boy. Hotels.-Du Commerce;

Du Flandre, &c.

It was once a seat of the Caluaci, in Belgic Gaul, and stands on the river Scarpe, which is joined to the Escaut, or Schelde, by a canal. Marlborough took it in the wars of Anne's time. The old walls are strengthened with several towers; there are good walks on the ramparts. It has a large place (square), a Gothic Hôtel de Ville, with a pinnacled belfry tower and chimes over it; an arsenal (where the English prisoners were kept in the war), cannon foundry; public library of 30,000 vols., botanic garden, picture gallery, museum, theatre. Every other year an Exhibition of works of industry takes place. Another exhibition, which occurs yearly in July, and is attended by vast crowds from the country, is the procession of Giant Gayant and his wife, with their family, and other personages. The Giant is about ten yards high,

The Cité, or old town, on the highest ground, was built round the hermitage of St. Waast (founded ia the 6th cent.), which afterwards became a large abbey, and has left some remains in the public Library (36,000 vols.) Near this is Nôtre Dame Cathedral, built 1832, in the Grecian style, on the site of the old Gothic one, which was destroyed by the partisans of the infamous Robespierre, who was born here. His house, a plain-looking one, built 1730, is pointed out in Rue des Rapporteurs.

The Ville, or lower town, divided from the other by the brook Crinchen, has good houses and streets of hewn stone, and adjoins the citadel, built by Vauban. Near the Hôtel de Ville, a very good Gothic building, worth notice, are the great and little squares (places), surrounded with old Flemish houses and arcades. Other buildings are the Préfecture, the Museum, containing remains of antiquity found here, the conspicuous Beffroi, or clock tower, deaf and dumb school, large barracks, riding and military schools, and theatre. The ramparts are strong and high, and the country can be soon laid under water.

Damiens, who was broken on the wheel for trying to assassinate Louis XV., was also a native. At one time it was held by the Spaniards, who put up this rhyme on the gates

"Quand les Français prendront Arras,

Les souris mangeront les chats ;" which, when it came into French hands, some one proposed to retain, merely suppressing the p in prendront.

Manufactures of cotton, woollen, lace, soap, salt, beet-root sugar, linseed oil, pottery, leather, are carried on; besides a trade in grain, wine, and spirits -some of the latter being kept in the chalk cellars in the Cité part. "Arras" tapestry, once so much in use all over Europe, was made here.

Near this, at Plancy, is the society of St. Victor, founded 1841. by M. Colin, author of the Dictionnaire Infernal. At Mont St. Eloy (6 kil.) is a ruined abbey; and two stones at Acq mark the spot where Charles the Bold was defeated by Count Baldwin, 863.

Coaches to Cambrai (see Route 5), Bethune, and St. Pol.

[LENS (14 kil. north-north-east, an old place on the Eleux, where the Prince of Condé, in 1648, gained a victory over the Spaniards.

ST. POL (34 kil. north-west), on the old road to Montreuil, is a sous-préfecture (pop., 3,500), pleasantly seated on the Ternoise, in a healthy spot, where four great roads meet, and having traces of the old Castle of the Counts of St. Pol. About 20 kil. further is Agincourt (see Route 2).] Boileux (5 miles) is the next station from Arras.

Achiet (5 miles). Coach to Bapaume, a place as old as the eleventh century, fortified by Charles V. against France, but given up 1659. An artesian well was sunk here, 1723, by Feullon. It has a ruined castle.

Albert (11 miles), on a branch of the river Ancre, which makes a ne cascade here. It has a quarry, in which various fossils are found; and at the church is an image of "our Lady of Breberie," to whom the shepherds and shepherdesses of this part make an annual offering of cakes. Coach to Peronne. 'PERONNE (22 kil. east-south-east), a sous-préfecture and fortress, with 5,000 inhab., in the marshes of the Somme, was the old capital of Santerre. It has a castle, enclosing a very old tower, called Tour Hebert, where Charles the Simple (placed here by Heribert, Count of Vermandois) died a prisoner, 929, and where, too, the old fox, Louis XI. was trapped by his vassal, Charles the Boid, as related in Scott's "Quentin Durward." Having been unsuccessfully be

sieged by the Spaniards, and by Henry el Nassau, 1536, it styled itself la Pucelle (maiden), but it was taken, 1815. It has an old Gothic church, and Hôtel de Ville, with a belfry. At Château d' Applincourt, the famous League against the Protestants was signed by Henry III. and the Guises. Hotel-D' Angleterre.] Corbie (10 miles) has the curious portal, &c., of a Benedictine abbey, founded, 664, by St. Bathilde. Coaches to Harlonnières and Rosières. At 9 miles from this, we come to

AMIENS.

143 miles from Calais, 924 miles from Paris, at a bifurcation, where the line to Boulogne parts off, either at Amiens, or sometimes at Longueau, close by it. Passengers by the night train may stop here, to avoid getting into Paris too early. The 10 30 morning train affords time to breakfast and see the Cathedral, and then reach Paris by 2.

HOTELS. De France et d'Angleterre, highly recommended. Omnibuses at the station convey passengers to the hotel, where there are private carriages for the use of travellers.

Du Rhin, Place St. Denis, near to the railway, and highly recommended for cleanliness and moderate charges.

De l'Univers; Des Trois Pigeons; De la Somme.

OBJECTS OF NOTICE.-Cathedral - Hôtel de Ville-Bibliothèque-the Hautoye.

Pop. 53,000. A large, fortified, and very old town, the capital of department Somme (formerly of Picardy), seat of a cour impériale (assize court), tribunal, college, and bishopric, on the river Somme, which divides itself in its course here into eleven or twelve canals, and contributes to the manufacturing prosperity of the town. It was the Roman Ambiani. The Spaniards took it by stratagem, 1597, but it was almost immediately recovered. In 1802, the peace of Amiens was signed here, as being a sort of half way place between London and Paris-a petite paix, at which the English rejoiced so much that it made Nelson ay he was "ashamed of his country," and which lasted about a twelvemonth.

The streets and houses are regular; the largest place or square is the Marché aux Herbes (herb market), which extends about 145 yards by 48. Good walks are laid out on the old fortifications; but the best is the Hautoye promenade, which is regularly planted, and set off with a large piece of water.

The Virgin Mary Cathedral, one of the finest in France, was built between 1220 and 1288, Bishop de Fouillay having laid the first stone. Length, about 440 feet; height of spire, an elegant one, 425 feet; the nave, which is 45 feet broad, is of the surprising

height of 141 feet, and is supported by above 120 delicate pillars, some of which sound like a bell when struck. But the front, flanked by two towers, and pierced at the base by three deep portals, is the finest part. It has a circular window above; and the whole is a wonderful profusion of tracery, bas-reliefs, niched figures, including the Last Judgment, the Virtues and Vices, the Months and Seasons, the Massacre of the Innocents, &c. Notice also the circular gallery, the fine windows (not stained), the tombs of the founders, Godefrey d'Eu and Cardinal Hemart, the carved stalls and pulpit, and the monument of the Enfant Pleureur (weeping child). It is in course of repair.

The Hôtel de Ville, built by Henry IV., stands on arcades, and has some pictures. Here they show the room where the plenipotentiaries signed the Peace of Amiens.

The public Library (bibliothèque) is a large building in the Ionic style, with a good collection of 45,000 volumes, including 400 volumes of MSS.

Other buildings are-the Préfecture, the Lycée or college, the muscum, corn market, citadel, jardin des plantes (botanic garden), hospital of St. Charles, the cavalry barracks, la Barge cloister (of the 14th cent.), the King's House, in the passage of that name (Logis du Roi).

Peter the Hermit, Ducange, the scholar, the poet Gresset, Delambre, the astronomer, were born here.

Manufactures of velvet, camlet, plush, ribands, and cotton goods, and savon du nord (soap); but the velvets cost twice as much as those made in Manchester, in consequence of protection.

The old châteaux of Baves and d'Hoilly, may be visited from this point. Conveyances, by railway, to Abbeville, Boulogne, and St. Valery. Coaches to Poix, Doullens, and Aumale; also Rouen and St. Quentin. The railway to Abbeville and Boulogne is described in Route 2. Lines are projected to run west to Rouen, and east to Ham and St. Quentin. [VILLERS-BRETONNEAUX (16 kil. east), on the Peronne road, has a thriving stocking manufacture.

AUMALE (43 kil. west-south-west) on the Rouen road, pleasantly seated on the Bresle, gives title to the Duc d'Aumale, and has two columns near the bridge where Henry 1V. was wounded, on his way from Rouen. The old fort stood about a dozen sieges. On the north side are some useful mineral waters; and the ruins of Auchy Abbey are not far off. NEUFCHÂTEL (see Route 8) is 25 kil. further;

thence to Dieppe, 47 kil., or to Rouen, 46 kil. DOULLENS (30 kil. north) has a good church, and

one of Vauban's best constructed fortresses. Pop. 4,400. Hotels-Du Grand Turo; de l'Eu rope. Arras is 35 kil. north-east.

Boves (5 miles), on the Noye, where the Ayra joins it, is the next station from Amiens. There are remains of its old castle. Then comes Ailly-sur-Nove (6 miles), on the Noyo. Coaches to Conty, Hangest, and Moreuil. [MOREUIL (8 kil, east) on the Ayre, or Avre, ba paper and stocking factories, and the château & Margaret de Rongé. Near it, on a high hill, is the Folleville Tower, sometimes called Beauvoir, because of the fine view it commands. It has a very striking appearance, and stands above 100 feet high. The chapel remains, having the marble effigies of Raoul de Launay (and his wife), viceroy of Naples, with a chain round it, similar to one given him by Louis XI. at the taking of Quesnoy.]

Breteuil (10 miles), 6 kil. from the railway, is at the Noye's head, and takes its name from the Roman Brantuspansium (1 kil. south-east), where coins, &c., have been discovered, and which was destroyed by the barbarians in the 5th cent. It came into notice after St. Marie's abbey was founded, 1049; was fortified, taken by the English, and belonged to the Montmorencies and others. The church is as old as 1226. Pop., 2,750. Hotel d'Angleterre. Coaches to Beauvais, Crevecceur, Aumale, Montdidier, Roye.

[At 13 kil. west is

MONTDIDIER, a sous-préfecture of 4,000 souls, in department Somme, on a hill by the Dom. It was a seat of the Merovingian kings, and has remains of its walls, with many old houses and buildings in its narrow streets. St. Pierre's church, though large and ugly, has a carved porch and curious effigies of one of its early counts, Raoul II. In the porch of St. Sepulchre's stands the tomb of another Raoul, as old as 1074; and its pulpit deserves notice. At the Hôtel de Ville, in the belfry, is a niched figure, called Jean Duquesne, which strikes the hours. The ancient Bailliage is turned into the law court, or tribunal, where several pieces of tapestry are to be seen. A cabinet of natural history is placed in the College, a large building; as is the hospital, or Hôtel Dieu.

Hotels.-De Condé; de Grenadier.

It was an Aubry de Montdidier who was overcome in single combat, and murdered in the forest of Bondy, by Macaire, and the murder discovered by the victim's dog the dog of Montargis. Excellent pork pies are made here.

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