grottoes of Laroqueveille, and the mineral waters of Cropières and Tessières les Boulies. Near Tournemire (13 kil.), on the Doire, is the feudal château of Anjony, with its old towers, furniture, tapestry, paintings, &c., all in good condition. [From Aurillac, on the road to Rodez, you pass Arragon (5 kil.), in a beautiful valley, where the Cère falls into the Jordanne. MONTSALVY (25 kil.), is a small place under the Puy de l'Arbre mountain, on a plain, where Mechain and Dalembert, in 1791, traced an arc of the meridian, to serve as a base for the new system of French measures now in vogue. It has the old castle of Mandulphe, from which there is a fine prospect; Notre Dame church, founded 1073; an old Hôtel de Ville; a deaf and dumb hospital, founded by Abbé Sicard; and, a little outside, the Mur du Diable (Devil's Wall), built of enormous stone blocks. ENTRAGUES (about 10 kil.), the next place (in department Aveyron), is so called because placed between the two rivers Lot and Truyere, where they join.] Rodez is about 40 kil. further. From Aurillac, on the road to Montauban, you pass ST. MAMET (18 kil.) MAURS (27 kil.), near the Céle. FIGEAC (24 kil.), a sous-préfecture in department Lot, on the Célé, in a most picturesque hollow. It grew out of an abbey founded, 755, and has, with remains of ramparts and ditches, several quaint old houses in narrow crooked streets; among which are Baleine castle (now the Hôtel de Ville), with a large hall 32 feet high; the old half-Romanesque or roundarched abbey church, 198 feet long, with a dome and towers; and the church of Notre Dame de Puy, with a good carved screen. There are also two aiguilles, or pillar stones, at the west and south ends of the village, which served as landmarks. A pyramid has been raised to Champollion Jeune, the reader of hieroglyphic writing, and a native. Pop., 6,390. Hotels.Born; Pontié. [CARDAILHAC (10 kil. on the west) has some towers, &c. of a large castle, and was dismantled by Louis XIV. for its attachment to Protestantism.-At Assier (16 kil. west-north-west of Figeac), are the fine remains of another castle, built by Gaillot de Genoulhac, whose monument is in the old church, with the motto, "Après la mort, bonne renommée demeure" (A good name lives after death).-Brengues (18 kil. north-east), on the Célé, has two or three old castles, in a very hilly, romantic spot. MARSILLAC (23 kil. west-south-west of Figeac) down the Célé, has an old abbey church, and not far off, in a pretty valley, a famous Grotto (in the commune of Blars) or cavern, full of stalactites, galleries, and chambers, under various fanciful names. CAJARE (21 kil.), on the Lot, is a village of 2,000 souls, in a beautiful spot among vineyards and hills, with an old Gothic church of the 13th cent., and castle.-Ginouillac, a little west of this, is on the road to Cahors, which is about 35 kil. further, vid Lentillac, Gironde, &c.] After Figeac, as above, you come, leaving the castle of Cénievières on the west (a vast structure of different dates, with a noble prospect from its terrace), and Aubin, with a very ancient fort, on the right, to Villeneuve, a stat. on the St. Christophe and Montauban Rail, 170 kfl. or 105 miles long, opened 1858, as part of a line to the river Lot, with branches to Marsillac and Rodez, and designed ultimately to proceed to Brives and Clermont-Ferrand. The stations above Villeneuve (55 kil. from St. Christophe) are the followingSalles-Courbatiers (miles). Naussac (miles). Capdenac (miles). Panchot (miles). Viviers (miles). Cransac, (miles), with large forges and iron mines; and From Villeneuve the line passes to Villefranche (miles), a sous-préfecture of 9,540 souls, in department Aveyron, in a fine valley, where the Aveyron and Alzon meet, founded by Alphonse (brother of Louis IX.), Count of Toulouse, near the site of a Roman station called Carentomagus. Round the market-place are several large old houses with arcades in front. The collegiate church, which rises above everything else, has a good porch in the plain west front, with a high tower over it. Its cloisters now serve for a hospital. There are a college, a library of 7,000 vols., museum, &c.; and manufactures of linen, copper, iron, leather, paper, with a trade in grain, wine, truffles, hams, cattle, &c. Hotels.-du Grand Soleil ; des Quatre Saisons (Four Seasons). The rail hence to Montauban follows the south side of the Aveyron (leaving the high road on the south side) to Monteils (6 miles). Najac (3 miles). Laguepie (6 miles). St. Antonin (7 miles), stat. is at some distance from the village, which lies across the river, on the road to Caussade. Pop., 4,200. Penne (7 miles). about the year 1000, and has a Gothic cathedral of the 15th cent., the convent of the Jacobins, a priests” seminary, and a view from the bishop's palace, as well as other points, of Plom de Cantal, &c. Pop. 5,800. Hotels.-De France, Amangat. The road to Mende Bruniquel (4 miles), on the Varre. An old (83 miles) and Nismes, by St. Cheley, turns off here castle here. (see Route 32). Montricoux (3) miles). Negrepelisse (42 miles) in department Tarn-et- St. Etienne (3 miles). ROUTE 52. Clermont-Ferrand to Toulouse, by way of Distance, 335 miles, or 208 kil. Clermont to Issoire, by rail, as in Route 45. LEMPDES (20 kil.), where coal is found. Then non. [Here the road turns off to Aurillac, on a series of terraces, passing, at 22 kil. distance, MURAT, a sous-préfecture in department Cantal, on the Alagnon, among the basalt hills round Mount Cantal. CHAUDES-AIGUES (33 kil.), i.e. Hot Springs, les in a deep gorge of the mountains between Auvergne and Gévaudan. Five springs, varying in temperature from 135° to 177° (that called Par is as hot as this), are used not only for the bath and drinking, but for cooking, for hatching chickens, washing fleeces, &c. LA GUIOLE (32 kil.), in department Aveyron, is a healthy place, of 2,100 souls, on a basalt peak, nearly 3,300 feet above the sea. They make good cheese here. ESPALION (24 kil.), a small industrious sous-préfecture, in the middle of a large basin, on the Lot, covered with vines, &c. Pop. 4,400. A tower on the site of Benneval abbey, and Roquelaure Castle, may be visited. [ST. GENIÈS DE RIVA D'OLT (21 kil. east-south-east), on the Lot, an industrious place, of 4,000 pop., who make flannels, woollens, &c. It stands among vineyards and falls, in a charming valley of the Lot, here crossed by a bridge, and once called Oltis, whence the name, signifying on the "bank of the Lot."] At 32 kil. further is RODEZ, or RHODEZ. De la Ville de Paris. Population, 10,000. One hill, Roche Bonnâvie, with a basalt cliff, in which are prismatic pillars (some 50 feet long), has the old castle of Jacques d'Armagnac on top. To avoid the steep road beyond this, the Tunnel of Lioran, about 5,000 feet long, was The chief town of department Aveyron (formerly of cut, 1839-47, through the volcanic heights which the province of Rouergue), seat of a bishop, tribunal, divide the Alagnon and Cère. It comes out near &c, finely placed in a healthy spot, on the crest of a the old road, between Puy de Griou and hill, 150 feet above the Aveyron, which winds round Plomb de Cantal, which is 6,095 feet above the sea, the bottom, and 2,170 feet above the sea. It was the and a centre of a range of extinct volcanoes, as ancient Legodunum, a capital of the Rateni (from Puy de Mary, Puy Chavaroche, &c., in continu-whom comes the modern name), so called from their ation of those in Puy de Dôme. It is a smooth cone, round which twenty or thirty streams (the head waters of the Dordogne, Lot, Allier, &c.) take their rise almost as regularly as the spokes of a wheel. After passing Thiêzac (26 kil.) and Vic-sur-Cère, in the beautiful valley of the Cère, you come (27 kil. further) to Aurillac, as in Route 51). ST. FLOUR (30 kil.), a sous-préfecture in department Cantal, and seat of a bishopric, on a basalt precipice, 330 feet above the high road. It was built goddess Ruth or Venus. Rhodanois money was coined here by its early counts, in the Rue de Saounario (i.e., sous-factory), where the mint stood till 1824. The château is gone, except the Martelière tower, built 1264, now a prison; it was taken by the English in the 14th cent. The town is badly built, with small dirty steep streets of wooden houses, but the neighbourhood is pleasant. The Cathedral, of reddish sandstone, is the best building, and stands on the site of one founded in the 5th cent., which fell 1275, when the new one was commenced, but not finished till the 16th cent. It is cross-shaped, 320 feet long by 118 feet wide, and 109 to the vault. Contrary to custom, it has no west entrance, the doors being at the sides. Over one of these stands an excellent carved tower, built 1501, 265 feet high (and seen 18 leagues off), square at the bottom, but eight-sided towards the top, which is crowned by pinnacles (with the four evangelists on them), a dome, and a statue of the Virgin. It contains a good screen and other carved work, and some old-fashioned stained windows. When threatened at the Revolution, some friends of art thought of dedicating it to Marat! a device which was the means of saving it. Another church is marked by a tall tower. The Cordeliers' house is of the 14th cent.; a government stud is established at the Chartreuse convent. At the college, first built by the Jesuits, is a library of 16,000 vols., and a cabinet of natural history, &c. Other buildings are the Préfecture, new Hôtel de Ville. the priests' seminary, bishop's palace, a deaf and dumb school, the pepinière or departmental nursery, &c. In 1784, Abbé Carnus, a man of science, ascended here in a baloon of 55 feet diameter, to the height of 1 mile high, staying up 35 minutes, to the great astonishment of the people of that day. There is a trade in woollens, linens, silk thread, Roquefort cheese, wax candles, cattle, mules, &c. Coaches to Montpellier, Montauban, Albi, Aurillac, Clermont, &c. An intended branch rail will unite Rodez to the line which descends the Aveyron, by Villefranche, to Montauban. At present we follow the road. The caves of Sollac are 4 kil. off; and some pretty falls at Salles-Comtaux (about 12 kil. north), in the rocky and well-wooded valley of Marsillac. This is one of many charming valleys about Rodez, little known or visited. A Druid stone or dolmen at Perignagols (8 kil.) Population, 11,005. The chief town of department Tarn, seat of an archdiocese, having a tribunal, communal college, &c. It was the Roman Civitas Albiensium, but is more memorable for giving name to the Albigensis, or Albegeois, who were exterminated by the papal crusade in the 13th cent. It stands over the river Tarn, in the middle of a fine plain; and, like all old towns, is made up chiefly of narrow irregular streets. The best promenade is in the Vigan quarter, near the public gardens. Each quarter is ornamented with fountains, the best being that of Verdusse, where four springs unite, and flow thence into the river. In the Faubourg du Pont, across the latter, are remains of Castelviel fort. The Cathedral of St. Cécile, begun 1282, was not finished till 1512. Length 345 feet, breadth 89, height of the vault 98, of the west steeple 308. Three beautifully decorated doors lead into the porch, which divides the choir and nave, and is covered with sculptures of extraordinary delicacy. The roof of the nave is ornamented with a multitude of subjects from the Bible, including angels, putarchs, prophets, saints, martyrs, &c., painted in fresco, on a blue ground, set off by arabesques in white and gold. They were begun, 1502, and are in the best style of the Italian school. Some elegant carvings, and seventytwo statues, adorn the choir. A council met here 1176, to condemn the Albigenses. The tower of St. Salvi's church is in the Moorish style, and it has a large nave. Other buildings are the Hôtel de la Préfecture, an immense edifice, which belonged to the Counts of Toulouse, and afterwards to the archbishops; a large hospice or convent, with an avenue leading to it; the college; a public library of 12,000 vols.; museum, cabinet of natural history, theatre, &c. Manufactures of linens, agricultural tools, &c., and a trade in grain, saffron, dry fruits, wood. Conveyances-Daily, to Toulouse (65 kil.), Castres, Rignac is 24 kil. west-north-west, and 24 kil. beyond Rodez, and Lower Languedoc, Milhau, Gaillac, Mon is Villefranche (see Route 51).] LA MOTHE (24 kil.) Then comes LES FAGUELLES (28 kil.) Albi is 20 kil. beyond; you pass near the Saut de Sabo, a fall of the Tarn, close to a large paper-mill. ALBI, or Alby. tauban (48 kil.), &c. A branch line up the Tarn, from Toulouse, will unite at Albi, with the line to the Carmauz iron mines (15 kil.), constructed since 1854, and which is to be contined to a junction with. the Montauban and Villefranche line. GAILLAC (22 kil.), on the road to Toulouse, where that to Montauban turns off, is a sous-préfecture, on Here there is a short line to the large coal mines the Tarn, with 7,725 pop., in a good wine country. round Carmaux. Three trains daily. HOTELS. Desprats; Des Ambassadeurs; De l'Europe. Portal, the physician, was born here. Hôtels.-Austruc; Raffis. ST. SULPICE (23 kl.) has a camp raised in the wars against the Albigenses, in the time of Louis VII. At 31 kil. beyond is mills and forges for cutlery; good powder is also Toulouse, as in Route 66, on the Bordeaux and made. A pretty waterfall is seen at Trou d'Enfer. Cette line. ROUTE 53. Clermont-Ferrand to Thiers, Montbrison, St. Etienne, and Lyons. Distance, 203 kil., or 126 miles. Clermont stat., as in Route 45. The road passes Puy-de-Poix, a basalt peak, with a spring of mineral pitch or bitumen. Puy-de-Crouelle and Gandaillat are near it, with similar springs. PONT-DU-CHATEAU (15 kil.), at the three-arched bridge on the Allier, near the old chateau of the bishops of Clermont, in a fine part of the Limagne, [To the right is the ancient town of BILLOM, among hills, remarkable for he stormy weather and excessive rain to which t is subject, It has an old church.] THIERS (26 kil.), on a rocky peak above the Durole, is a sous-préfecture (in Puy-du-Dôme) of 13,200 souls. and commands a fine view of the Limagne, Clermont, Mont Dore, &c., from the terrace near the old castle. Two churches, Du Montier and St. Genès, are of the 8th and 12th cents. On the river stand many paper Hotel.-De l'Europe. [At 56 kil. to the south-south-east is AMBERT (62 kil. direct from Clermont), a sous-préfecture, on the Dore, among hills, in the Livradois, with a pop. of 8,000, who make linen, and excellent paper for printing, engraving, &c. In the neighbourhood, there are fine prospects from Pierresur-Haute (the Alps seen), and Mont Fouenol (the Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, &c., seen); and the mineral springs of Talsau. Hence to Montbrison, stat., is about 30 kil.] LA BERGÈRE (14 kil.) is reached by a precipitous road, commanding views of the distant mountains. Hence to Roanne stat. is 43 kil. NOIRETABLE (13 kil.) under Montagne de l'Hermitage. BOEN (27 kil.) on the Lignon, from which, vid Feurs stat., it is 87 kil., direct to Lyons, by road. At 17 kil. further is MONTBRISON stat. (see Route 24). 12 kil. from Montrond, on the main line, which leads one way to Roanne, and the other way, vid St. Etienne, to Lyons, in Route 25. SECTION V. ROADS TO THE EAST. IN CONNECTION WITH THE CHEMIN DE FER DE L'EST: SUPPLYING RHEIMS, MEZIERES, CHALONS-SUR-MARNE, TROYES, BAR-LE-DUC, CHAUMONT, NANCY, EPINAL, VESOUL, BOURBONNE-LES-BAINS, PLOMBIÈRES, METZ, THIONVILLE, (BADEN AND FRANKFORT), STRASBOURG, WISSEMBOURG, COLMAR, MULHOUSE, BASLE (THE RHINE AND SWITZERLAND), IN THE OLD PROVINCES OF CHAMPAGNE, LORRAINE, ALSACE, AND FRANCHE-COMTÉ. A. ROUTES VIA THE STRASBOURG LINE. ROUTE 54. Paris to Meaux, Epernay, Chalons, Nancy, Strasbourg, and Mulhouse. Embarcadère, or terminus, Rue Neuve Chabrol, in Rue de Faubourg St. Martin, near the Northern Railway. The great arch of the roof is surmounted by a colossal figure, emblematic of Strasbourg. Length of the platform 544 feet, breadth 150 feet. The line was begun 1842, and opened throughout, 1852. Distance to Strasbourg, 501 kil., or 312 miles; (to Nancy, 220 miles): four trains a day, in 12 to 15 hours; 51, 39, and 29 frs.; baggage allowed, 23 kilos., or 50lbs. Outside the Barrière is La Vilette, near the new fortifications and the basin of the Canal de l'Ourq, from which the canal of St. Martin runs down to the Seine, and which feeds many of the Paris fountains. It was made 1806-9, and is half a mile long. Thence the rail follows the canal-de-l'Ourcq to Meaux, (passing Vitry, Blancmenil, Aunay, Rosny, Pantin, Baubignay, &c., on the right and left). Belleville, near La Villette, has a fine view over Paris from its country seats, and an aqueduct, or reservoir, built by Philippe Auguste, and restored 1602. It was here the pupils of the École Polytecnique distinguished themselves, 1814.-Romainville, a little further, also commands a view of the city, and is covered with wood and ginguettes for pleasure folks; a detached fort and reservoir stand on it. The latter is joined to another at Pré St. Jervais. Noisy-le-Sec (5 miles), the first stat., is called Nicidum in an ancient charter, and was the property of that Cardinal Balue, whom Louis XI. shut up in an iron cage. Bondy (1 mile), is an old village of 2,600 souls, near a forest where Childeric II. was killed, and Aubery de Montdidier was murdered by Macaire, (who fought his victim's dog-the dog of Montargisbefore Charles V., at Nôtre Dame.) Raincy château belonged to Louis Philippe, who laid out the grounds in the English style; the house is something in the style of Blenheim. For a time it was held by Napoleon. Coaches to Livry, Sevran, Villepinte, Tremblay Vaujours, Villeparisis, Mitry. [LIVRY, 6 kil. east-north-east, in the forest, near Raincy château, has an Augustine abbey, not far from which dwelt the pious hermit of Livry, "whose name," as D'Aubigny relates, "though written in heaven, history has not transmitted to us," but who, for preaching the Gospel, died peacefully at the stake in front of Nôtre Dame.j Villemonble-Gagny (2 miles), in department Seine-et-Marne, is at the end of Raincy Park. Coaches to Rosny, Montfermeil, Coubron, Neuillysur-Marne, and to Juilly, which has an academy or college, founded 1688, by the Fathers of the Oratory. Chelles (3 miles), on the Marne, had a palace in which Chilperic I. was assassinated by his wife, Frédégonde, in 584. There are traces of a rich abbey founded about the same time. Coaches to Torey, Gournay-sur-Marne, Lepin, and to Claye, on the canal de l'Ourcq, with its bleach-works, &c. Lagny (5 miles) is across the bridge on the Marne, on its south bank. Its church is only the choir of an unfinished structure begun in the 14th century. On the other side of the river, a little beyond Lagny, are the extensive tile and lime works of M. Vincent, Coaches to Annet, Fresnes, Fer |