one referred to, as it contains the law by which all school officers should

now be governed.

We believe a careful study of this volume, so as to become more and more familiar with its contents, will prove a great advantage to any one whose duty it is to assist in carrying into effect the provisions of the school law.

It is but simple justice to state that the work of arranging and revising the notes, and editing both the laws and the decisions, has been almost wholly the personal duty of Mr. Ira C. Kling. His experience of more than nine years in all as deputy in this office, peculiarly fits him for this duty, and his well-known painstaking care is the best guarantee we can offer that the work has been thoroughly and conscientiously done. In the proof reading he has had the loyal and careful assistance of Miss Kate M. Jones, clerk in the office.

J. B. KNOEPFLER, Superintendent of Public Instruction.

Des Moines, Iowa, July 1, 1892.

CALIFORNIA

SCHOOL LAWS OF IOWA.

FROM THE CODE AS AMENDED BY THE FIFTEENTH, SIXTEENTH, SEVENTEENTH, EIGHTEENTH, NINETEENTH, TWENTIETH, TWENTYFIRST, TWENTY-SECOND, TWENTY-THIRD AND TWENTY-FOURTH GENERAL ASSEMBLIES.

SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION.

SECTION 1577. The superintendent of public instruction shall be charged with the general supervision of all the county superintendents and all the common schools of the state. He may meet county superintendents in convention at such points in the state as he may deem most suitable for the purpose, and by explanation and discussion endeavor to secure a more uniform and efficient administration of the school laws. He shall attend teachers' institutes in the several counties of the state as far as may be consistent with the discharge of other duties imposed by law, and assist by lecture or otherwise in their instruction and management. He shall render a written opinion to any school officer asking it, touching the exposition or administration of any school law, and shall determine all cases appealed from the decision of county superintendents.

SEC. 1578. An office shall be provided for him at the seat of government, in which he shall file all papers, reports, and public documents transmitted to him by the county superintendents, each year separately, and hold the same in readiness to be exhibited to the governor, or to a committee of either house of the general assembly, at any time when required; and he shall keep a fair record of all matters pertaining to his office.

SEC. 1579. (As amended by Chap. 150, Laws of 1880, and Chap. 59, Laws of 1888.) After the adjournment of the eighteenth general assembly, and every four years thereafter, if deemed necessary, he may cause

SECTION 1577. This department is glad to assist in every way, in securing a more uniform and satisfactory administration of school affairs. The established custom of answering all proper inquiries, whether from school officers or others, touching the construction and application of the school laws, will be continued. SEC. 1578. All valuable correspondence is filed for preservation, letterpress copies of our answers being taken for that purpose. It is obvious that a request to return the letter of inquiry with our reply, can not be complied with.

to be printed and bound in cloth the school laws and all amendments thereto, with such notes, rulings, forms and decisions as may seem of value to aid school officers in the proper discharge of their duties. Appropriate reference shall be made to the previous law that has been amended or changed, so as clearly to indicate the effect of such amendments or changes. He shall send to each county superintendent a number of copies sufficient to supply each school district in his county with one copy of such school laws, with decisions. He shall also cause to be printed and bound in paper covers the school laws, with notes and with forms necessary to be used in carrying out the school laws; provided, that he shall furnish each of the members of the boards of directors with one copy of the laws bound in paper covers, which shall be turned over to their successors in office. After such sessions of the general assembly as the state superintendent shall not deem it necessary to publish the laws as provided for in this section, he shall cause to be published in pamphlet form all the amendments to the school laws passed by such general assembly, in sufficient numbers to supply each of the county superintendents and school officers of the state with one copy free of charge, which said amendments shall be sent to the several county superintendents for distribution.

SEC. 1580.

(Repealed by Chap. 102, Laws of 1878.)

SEC. 1581. He may, if he deem it expedient, subscribe for a sufficient number of copies of the Iowa School Journal, or of such other educational journal published in the state as he may select, to furnish each county superintendent with one copy, and his certificate of having thus subscribed shall be authority for the auditor of state to issue his warrant for the amount of said subscriptions; provided he shall cause to be inserted in the journal he may so select, a correct copy of any decision he may deem it necessary to make for the efficient carrying out of the school.

law.

SEC. 1582. He shall annually, on the first day of January, report to the auditor of state the number of persons in each county between the ages of five and twenty-one years.

SEC. 1583. (As amended by Chap. 82, Laws of 1888.) He shall make to the governor a report which shall embrace, first, a statement of the condition of the common schools of the state; the number of district townships and subdistricts therein; the number of teachers; the number of schools; the number of school-houses, and the value thereof; the number of persons between five and twenty-one years of age; the number of scholars in each county that have attended school the previous year, as returned by the several county superintendents; the number of books in the district libraries; and the value of all apparatus in the schools, and such other statistical information as he may

deem important. Second, such plans as he may have matured for the more perfect organization and efficiency of common schools. He shall cause one thousand copies of his report to be printed, and shall present it to the general assembly on the second day of its session.

SEC. 1584. Whenever reasonable assurance shall be given by the county superintendent of any county to the superintendent of public instruction, that not less than twenty teachers desire to assemble for the purpose of holding a teachers' institute in said county, to remain in session not less than six working days, he shall appoint the time and place of said meeting and give due notice thereof to the county superintendent; and for the purpose of defraying the expenses of said institute, there is hereby appropriated, out of any moneys in the state treasury not otherwise appropriated, a sum not exceeding fifty dollars annually for one such institute in each county held as aforesaid, which the said superintendent shall immediately transmit to the county superintendent in whose county the institute shall be held, who shall therewith defray the necessary expenses of the institute, and, if any balance remains, he shall pay the same into the county treasury, and the same shall be credited to the teachers' fund.

CHAPTER 129, LAWS OF 1876.

(As amended by Chap. 142, Laws of 1878, and Chap. 64, Laws of 1888.)

STATE NORMAL AND TRAINING SCHOOL.

SECTION 1. A school for the special instruction and training of teachers for the common schools of this state is hereby established at Cedar Falls, in Black Hawk county.

SEC. 2. The school shall be under the management and control of a board of directors consisting of six members, no two of whom shall be from the same county, and the superintendent of public instruction shall be ex-officio a member of said board and president thereof. The board of directors shall be elected by the general assembly, two for two years, two for four years, and two for six years, and the general assembly shall elect two members of said board every two years, for the full term of six years as the terms of office of the respective classes expire. Their term of office shall commence on the first day of June following their election. No member of the board shall be a teacher in the school, or receive other compensation for his services, than a reimbursement of his actual expenses, to be certified to by him and paid out of the state treasury. Any vacancy occurring in the board shall be filled by the appointment of the governor.

SEC. 3. The board shall convene, at the call of the superintendent of public instruction, on or before June 15, 1876, and having each qualified,

CHAPTER 129. Complete information may be secured by addressing the president of the school, at Cedar Falls.

according to law, shall organize by the election of a vice-president from their number, and a secretary and a treasurer, who shall be persons not members of the board. The secretary shall receive such compensation as may be fixed by the board not to exceed the sum of one hundred dollars and actual traveling expenses. The treasurer shall receive no compensation but shall receive reimbursement of actual expenditures.

SEC. 4. The board shall require a bond, in the sum of twenty thousand dollars, of the treasurer with proper and sufficient sureties, conditional for the safe-keeping of funds coming into his hands. He shall receive and disburse all moneys hereby appropriated, and any other funds as the board may provide. The board may require of any officer or employe, who may be authorized to receive or pay out money, a like bond.

SEC. 5. It shall be the duty of the board, in every necessary manner with the means at their disposal, to provide for and carry out the object for which the school is established. For that purpose they shall employ competent and suitable teachers and other employes. They shall direct, use, and control all the property of the state coming into their hands for that purpose. They shall control and direct the expenditures of all moneys. They shall make all necessary rules for the management of the school and the government thereof, and shall provide for the admission of pupils from the several counties of the state in proportion to their respective population, and upon the appointment of respective boards of supervisors, or as the board may direct. They shall establish and publish uniform rules for the admission of pupils thereto, and such rules shall provide for equal rights in said school, to all the teachers in the state, but they shall require in all cases satisfactory evidence of the good character of the pupil. They shall also further require all pupils upon their admission to the school, to sign a statement of their intention in good faith to follow the business of teaching in the schools of the state. It shall also be the duty of the board to make all possible and necessary arrangements with the means at their disposal, for the boarding and lodging of pupils, but the pupils shall pay the cost of the same. They shall require each pupil to pay a fee for contingent expenses amounting to not more than one dollar per month. The school shall be open during such part of the year as the board shall determine but the session shall continue at least twenty-six weeks. The board of directors may in their discretion charge the pupils with a tuition fee not exceeding six dollars per term, if such charge shall be necessary in order to the proper support of the school, as provided by law.

SEC. 9. The said board shall make, at the end of each school year, to the governor a detailed report of their proceedings during the year. Their report shall also contain the number of teachers employed in the