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THE

Lady's Magazine;

For JANUARY,

1796.

DESCRIPTION of WINDSOR-CAS- | ham, then the court architect, af

TLE.

(With a View elegantly engraved.)

WIND

firft

was the

terwards bishop of Winchester, who caufed these words: "This made Wickham," to be cut in ftone in the inner wall of the little tower. This INDSOR-Castle was fomewhat offended his majesty, who built by William the Con- thought his architect by this inqueror, who was delighted with its fcription arrogated to himself the convenient fituation for hunting. whole honour of the building: but Henry I. fortified it, and, in the Wickham pacified him by declartenth year of his reign, kept Whit- ing that all he meant funtide here, having fummoned all money and reputation he had gained the nobility of the realm to attend in building that caftle. Henry VII. him. In the reign of Richard I. added the fine buildings adjoining to this was reckoned one of the strong- the king's lodge; Henry VIII. the eft caftles in the kingdom, next to the tower of London. Queen Elea- court; Edward VI. and Queen great gate that opens to the outer nor wife to king Edward I. had four Mary I. a curious fountain in the children born here; and king Ed- inner court, into which they brought ward III. furnamed Edward of water from Blackmore Park that Windfor, because he was born here, ferved the whole caftle. Queen enlarged and beautified the palace at Elizabeth added the whole terrace a vast expense, employing workmen faced with free-ftone ramparts; a from the 34th to the 43d year of fumptuous work, covered with a fine his reign. He built the palace royal gravel, and fo contrived with caviand chapel, the tower in the mid- ties and drains that it will become dle, the houses for the dean and almost immediately dry, afte: the canons, with all the walls, towers, heavieft fhowers. It is fo fpacious, and gates, and added ditches, ram-efpecially on the North Side, that parts and feveral other places of ftrength; and in it the kings of France and Scotland were both at one time his prifoners. It is about a mile in compafs; and the work was carried on by William of Wick

The

Italy have any thing like it.
none of the palaces in France or
nior's feraglio, in the outer court,
terrace belonging to the grand fig-
is faid to come the nearest to it.

St. George's Hall, which is paved

ment;

for its neatnefs; and in particular the ftone-roof is esteemed an excellent piece of workmanship. It is an ellipfis, fupported by Gothic

with marble, and one of the finest rooms in Christendom, was defign ed, from the fift inftitution of the Order of the Garter, for the entertaining the knights at their inftal-pillars, whofe ribs and groins fustain and the fovereign ufed to give them a banquet here every St. George's day. This room has, by his prefent majesty, been confiderably improved, and the utmost tafte and fuitable embellishments difplayed in it. The royal chapel, at the weft end of it, is alfo paved with marble, and adorned with carved work, which exceeds any to be met with in England.

the whole cieling, every part of which has fome different device well finifhed, as the arms of Edward the Confeffor, Edward IV. Henry VII. and VIII. alfo the arms of England and France, quarterly, the crofs of St. George, the rofe, portcullis, lion rampant, unicorn, &c. The beautiful painted window by Mr. Picket, after a defign of Sir Joshua Reynolds, was put up a few years ago by his prefent majesty's direction; and the execution of it is beyond defcription.

But what appears moft worthy notice is the choir. On each fide are the ftalls of the fovereign and knights companions of the most noble Order of the Garter, with the

St. George's Chapel, in which the knights of the most noble Order of the Garter are inftalled, was begun in the year 1337, and is one of the most beautiful and ftately Gothic buildings in the world. As the knights die, their banners are taken down, and their titles and coats of arms are engraved on little cop-helmet, mantling creft, and fword per-plates and nailed to the ftalls, from whence they are never removed. By the registry of the Garter, of which the dean of Windfor is keeper, the bishop of Salisbury, chancellor, and the bishop of Winchester, prelate (which honours are annexed to their fees) it appears, that, befides our own kings, who have been fovereigns of this moft noble order, ever fince its inftitution by Edward III. there have been nine emperors of Germany, knights companions of it, above thirty kings of foreign nations, eleven electors of the empire, fixteen other fovereign princes, feven princes of Orange, two dukes of Brunfwick Lunenburgh, two princes of Heffe, a margrave of Brandenburgh Anfpach, befides marfhals, dukes, or peers of France, and grandees of Spain; while it is obferved, to the honour of the English monarchs, that they never accepted any of the orders created by foreign fovereigns.

The architecture of the infide of this chapel has always been admired

of each knight fet up over his fall, on a canopy of ancient carving curioufly wrought; and over the canopy is affixed the banner or arms of each knight properly blazoned on filk; and on the back of the ftalls are the titles of the knights, with their arms neatly engraved and blazoned on copper. The fovereign's ftall is on the right hand of the entrance into the choir, and is covered with purple velvet and cloth of gold, and has a canopy and complete furniture of the fame valuable materials; his banner is likewise of velvet, and his mantling of cloth of gold. The prince's ftall is on the left, and has no diftinction from the reft of the knights companions; the whole fociety, according to the ftatutes of the inftiturion, being companions and colleagues equal in honour and power. The altar-piece was, foon after the restotation, adorned with cloth of gold and purple damaík, by Charles II. but on removing the wainscot of one of the chapels in 1707, a

Princess Elizabeth.--The Petticoat crape, with oblique ftripes of fable intermixed with gold; train gold tiffue.

fine painting of the Lord's Sup-crape embroidered with gold, train per was found, which being approved gold tiffue. of by fir James Thornhill, Verrio, and other eminent mafters, was repaired and placed on the altar. This has fince been replaced by a moft fuperb painting by Mr. Weft, in 1788. Near the altar is the queen's gallery, for the accommodation of the ladies, at an inftallation.

Windfor-caftle is fituated upon a high hill, which rifes by a gentle afcent, and commands a moft delightful profpect around it. In the front is a wide and extenfive vale, adorned with corn-fields and mea

dows, with groves on either fide, and the calm fmooth water of the Thames running through it; and behind it are every where hills, covered with woods, as if nature had peculiarly defigned it for the pleafures of the chace.

DESCR

ESCRIPTION

OF THE

Princess Mary.-Petticoat crape,. embroidered with gold and filver foil; train rich tiffue.

Princefs Amelia-The fame.

The Duchefs of York.-A white fatin petticoat trimmed with a drapery of rich embroidered crape in ftars, bordered with a rich vandyke, and edged with a beautiful fable, banded with rich embroidery acrofs, and a rich gold and filver Mofaic fringe: the gown of a fuperb gold filk trimmed with fable, and the fleeves richly drawn up with diamonds.

The Princefs of Orange. A white fatin petticoat trimmed with a rich embroidered crape in Greek pattern, a drapery thrown over, embroidered in coloured foils, and edged with a handfome gold plate fringe.

The Hereditary Princefs of Orange. -Body and train of gold tiffue;

LADIES' DRESSES on her MAJES- petticoat of crape parfemé with gold,

TY'S BIRTH-DAY.

The Queen.

ER majefty was dreft with her

and fancifully ornamented with feftoons of laurel, rich cord and taffels.

Hufual planners on this day, coat of crape, covered with ziz-zag

that is, without many diamonds. A crape petticoat, richly embroidered in vandykes of purple velvet, covered with gold net, a quillery of blond round the bottom, the train of purple and black ftriped velvet, vandyked round the edge with gold net; a feftoon trimmed with rich blond.

The Princefs Royal.-A crape petticoat fuperbly embroidered with gold foil, the train a moft beautiful gold brocaded tiffue. We cannot help remarking the extreme richness and brilliancy of the various tints displayed in this fuperb drefs, which,

ftripes of filver fpangles, a border round the bottom, of coquelicot and black velvet.

Countess of Bute.-Petticoat crape, embroidered with gold foil; a fuperb drapery of white fatin, covered with an embroidery of gold intermixed with foil-ftones and peacock,' feathers.

Countess of Cheferfield.-A white fatin petticoat, trimmed with a crape richly embroidered in gold, in tef toons, upon a beautiful painted ribbon and gold taffels.

Countess of Fauconberg.-A rich embroidered crape petticoat in cowe understand, is of Perfian manu-quelicot velvet and flones: the gown facture, being part of the prefents gold and white. from the Ottoman ambassador. Princefs Augufta.-The petticoat

Lady Ann Fitzroy-Body and train of white fatin, trimmed with

maroon

maroon velvet, and gold at bottom. The tout enfemble of this drefs was more fimply elegant than any other that appeared at court.

Lady Charlotte Campbell.-A white fatin petticoat, puckered with a net richly embroidered in Mofaic, relieved by a drapery thrown over, and edged with a rich gold fillet: the whole banded with maroon and gold fhells, and rich gold fringe: the body of maroon fatin moft fuperbly embroidered in gold plate, and wreaths of gold laurel to edge the

whole.

Lady Augufla Clavering.-A white fatin petticoat, puckered with a crape embroidered in gold feathers, tied up with green foil leaves; a loofe drapery over an under drapery of ich gold fillet edged with a rich gold fringe; the gown violet ftripe

ituff.

form of acorns, and had a véry pretty appearance.

SUMMER-HOUSE.

'N the Fureteriana there is the de

ous cryftal fummer-houfe, belonging to the king of Siam. Furetiere fays, he had the account of it from a friend, who had the pleasure of fitting in it.

The king of Siam has in one of his country palaces, a moft fingular. pavilion. The tables, the chairs, the clofets, &c. are all compofed of cryftal. The walls, the ceiling, and the floors, are formed of pieces of plate glafs, of about an inch thick, and fix feet fquare, so nicely united by a cement, which is as tranfparent as glafs itself, that the moft fubtile fluid cannot penetrate. There is but one door, which fhuts fo closely, that it is as impenetrable to the water as the reft of this fingular building. A Chinese engineer conftructed it thus as a certain remedy against the infupportable heat of the The petticoats were moftly of climate. This pavilion is twentyembroidered cape, with velvet eight feet in length, and feventeen trains. The molt fashionable col- in breadth; it is placed in the midst ours was maroon and black. Tip-of a great bafin, paved and ornapets were generally worn, trimmed with fine blond, and fome with fil

Mrs. Hate.-Body and train of royal purple, with a crape petticoat embroidered in gold, and most elegantly ornamented, with a drapery purple embroidered crefcents, and a rich border at bottom; gold cord

and tafel...

ver.

The caps were in the turban fafhion, with profufion of high oftrich feathers, and gold ornaments. Many Jadies' wore embroidered bandeaus, and bunches of leaves intermixed with filver. The hair was dreffed rather high, turned up quite clofe behind, and the ends talling dowh the neck in curls. The waits were fo fhort, that the ladies had hardly

mented with marble of various colours. They fill this bafin with water in about a quarter of an hour, and it is emptied as quickly. When you enter the pavilion, the door is immediately clofed, and cemented with maftick, to hinder the water from entering; it is then they open the fluices; and this great bafin is foon filled with water, which is even fuffered to overflow the land; fo that the pavilion is entirely under water, except the top of the dome, which is left untouched for the benefit of Pearl ear-rings and necklaces were refpiration. Nothing is more charmworn as ufual, mixed with matted ing than the agreeable coolnefs of gold in various forms; but coral this delicious place, while the exand cornelian car-rings and neck-treme ardour of the fun boils on the laces were the most in fashion, in the fur face of the fresheft fountains.

room to move their arms.

ALVENS

The ADVENTURES of Emma.

A MORAL TALE.

(From the Ranger.)

(Continued from Vol. XXVI. p. 618.)

will now finish our digref

Won, and return to Albert,

conftantly calculated to improve the morals and enlarge the understanding. At the end of two years, death ftopped the progrefs of Emma's education, by fuddenly depriving her of this most excellent friend; her little income reverted to the family of her husband, and fhe had nothing to leave the child of her

adoption, but the fimple furniture

of her little dwelling. Emma mourned with affectionate regret i a lofs fo great, but determined to perfevere in thofe ftudies, for which the had acquired fo correct a taste, and which the was happily enabled to do, by becoming the poffeffor of the valuable and felect collection of books which formed the fmall li

very early in the morning, Emma was enabled to pursue her favourite employment, without trefpaffing on thofe hours when her filial duties or domeftic cares demanded her

who foon gained that introduction at the cottage of Bernard, which he fo anxiouf fought; and by fre-, quenting the fociety of this worthy old man, he had daily opportunities of feeing and converfing with his lovely daughter.-Powerfully charmed at first fight by her perfonal attractions, he now found, on acquaintance, an irrefiftible fafcina-brary of the deceased. By rifing tion in the fuperior beauties of her mind. Nature had formed her fentiments juft, delicate, and virtuous; and her education had for two years received great advantage from a frequent intercourfe with a lady of birth and diftinguiflied talents, who had, on the decease of her huband, retired into a small habitation, fituated in a vale near Bernard's cottage. This amiable widow had lived many years in the great world, and had partaken both of its profperity and adverfity, fufficiently to fhew her the inftability of fortune. With her beloved lord fhe had loft the fuperfluities of life; but, fatisfied with competence, the devoted the remainder of her days to folitude and religion.

attention.

Young Albert foon difcovered, in the converfation of Bernard's lovely daughter, a well-informed mind, and an understanding which blended the artlefs fimplicity of rural life with the more refined fentiments of cultivated education.

The mental accomplishments of Emma completed the conqueft which her beauty had begun, in the heart of Albert; nor was it long ere a reiprocal and gentle flame was communicated to her bosom. The young and ardent lover, in the firft flattering moment of afpiring hope, declared his paffion, and of

She conceived for the young Emma, then just fifteeen, a ftrong attachment, and easily obtained Ber-fered at her feet his honourable nard's permiffion for his daughter's frequent vifits. The good woman delighted in cultivating a mind whole capacity and genius promifed every fuccels: Emma read aloud, for hours uninterruptedly, to her kind patronefs, and read with an attention, that impreffed upon her memory every thing worthy to be retained; and the fubjects were VOL. XXVII,

vows :--he blufhed modeftly, and referred her aflent to her father's will. The heart of Bernard, at this unexpected propofal, felt all a father's rapture: but the ftrist rectitude of his fentiments checked the momentary joy; and with that honed fincerity which marked his character, he declined to unequal an alliance, and reprefented to his young

C

friend

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