of the sessions of the legislature held since the publication of the school laws or the Code. From these sources every general law relating to public education or to a State educational institution should be derived. When all available law for the subjects treated had been summarized for a particular State, a typewritten copy of the summary, or digest, was sent to the department of education of that State for examination and criticism. All of the chief State school officers, except one,' returned the manuscript with such corrections or suggestions as they thought proper. All suggestions made, except in a few cases where the matter of form of presentation was involved, were embodied in the digest. In compiling the digests the writer has had the assistance of two other persons. Since the compiling proper was completed much effort has been made to check against errors and omissions which may have escaped the compiler or the State department of education. In this effort use has been made of a large amount of data which had been previously collected regarding numerous subjects, as, for examples, child labor, free textbooks, uniform textbooks, medical inspection, and schoolhouse construction. Judicial decisions are reserved for a possible separate study at some future time. The plan of presentation is self-explanatory. The various items are classified and presented under an outline which begins with State administrative agencies and proceeds through the entire school system. The outline is, with the exception of a few modifications, the same as that used by Dr. Edward C. Elliott in some earlier legislative bulletins of the Bureau of Education, entitled "State School Systems," and by James C. Boykin and the writer in a bulletin entitled "Legislation and Judicial Decisions Relating to Education." 1 Superintendent of education of South Carolina. Laws of States were compiled as follows: By Stephen B. Weeks-Kentucky, Maryland, and Mississippi. By A. Sidney Ford-Louisiana, Massachusetts, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. By Wm. R. Hoodall other States. PLAN OF CLASSIFICATION. A. GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL AND SUPERVISION OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION. a. General. b-1 State boards. b-2 State officers. b-3 State inspection of schools. c-1 County boards. c-2 County officers. d. District, township, and municipal boards and officers. e. f. School meetings; elections; qualifications for voters. Administrative units-Districts, townships, municipalities, etc.: formation; divisions; consolidation. B. STATE FINANCE AND SUPPORT. a. General. b. State school lands. c. Permanent State school funds: Composition and investment. d. State taxation for school purposes. e. General apportionment of State school funds; special State aid for elementary education. f. Special State aid for secondary education. C. LOCAL (COUNTY, DISTRICT, MUNICIPAL) FINANCE AND SUPPORT. a. General. b. Local (county, district, municipal) bonds and indebtedness. c. Local (county, district, municipal) taxation for school purposes. d. Poll taxes, etc. D. BUILDINGS AND SITES. a. General. b. State aid; approval of plans. c. Decoration; care; sanitation; inspection; fire escapes. d. Prohibition districts. e. United States flag in schools. E. TEACHERS IN ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS. a. Teachers: Qualifications, general; examination fees. b. Teachers' examinations and certificates: General. c. Teachers' examinations and certificates: Special. d. Teachers' certificates: Validity; indorsement; registration; revocation. e. Teachers' certificates: Recognition of normal school and college or university diplomas. f. Teachers' associations; reading circles. F. TEACHERS: EMPLOYMENT; CONTRACT; APPOINTMENT; DISMISSAL. a. General; tenure, duties, etc. b. Teachers' salaries. c. Teachers' pensions. G. TEACHERS: PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AND EDUCATION. c. County and local normal and training schools. d. Teachers' institutes and summer schools. H. SCHOOL POPULATION AND ATTENDANCE. a. General. b. School census. c. School year; month; day; minimum term. d. School holidays. e. Place of attendance; consolidation of schools; transportation of pupils. f. Compulsory attendance; truancy; truant officers. g. Child labor. h. Separation of the races. I. SCHOOL DISCIPLINE. a. General. b. Corporal punishment. c. Suspension and expulsion. d. Fire drills. e. School fraternities. J. HEALTH REGULATIONS. a. General. b. Physical examination and medical inspection. K. TEXTBOOKS AND SUPPLIES. a. General. b. Free textbooks. c. Uniformity of textbooks. L. SUBJECT MATTER OF INSTRUCTION. a. General; course of study. b. History, civics, and patriotism. c. Physical education. d. Physiology and hygiene; alcohol; narcotics; other health instruction. e. Moral and ethical education. f. Humane treatment of animals. g. Music. h. Drawing. i. Technical, manual, and industrial education. j. Agriculture. k. Days of special observance. 1. Other special subjects. m. Sectarian instruction; Bible in the schools. n. Modern languages. M. SPECIAL TYPES OF SCHOOL. a. General. b. Kindergartens. c. Evening schools. d. Vacation schools; playgrounds; social centers. e. University and school extension; public lectures. 9. Private and endowed schools; parochial schools. N. SECONDARY EDUCATION: HIGH SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES. a. General. b. High-school inspection. O. TECHNICAL, INDUSTRIAL, AND VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS: ELEMENTARY AND SEC ONDARY. a. General. b. Agriculture. c. Trade. d. Continuation. P. HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. a. General. b. Finance; lands; support. c. State universities and colleges. d. Carnegie fund. Q. PROFESSIONAL AND HIGHER TECHNICAL EDUCATION. a. Teachers' colleges and normal schools. b. Agricultural colleges. c. United States grant. d. Mining schools. e. Military schools. f. Other technical and professional. R. PRIVATE AND ENDOWED HIGHER INSTITUTIONS: STATE CONTROL. a. Higher institutions. b. Corporations of an educational character. S. LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS. a. General. b. Public-school libraries. T. EDUCATION OF SPECIAL CLASSES. a. General. b. Deaf and dumb. c. Blind. d. Crippled and deformed. e. Feeble-minded. f. Tuberculous children. U. WELFARE OF DEPENDENTS AND DELINQUENTS. a. General. b. Wrongs to children. c. Juvenile courts. d. Conduct of children. e. Truant, detention, reform schools, and schools for dependents. DIGEST OF STATE LAWS RELATING TO PUBLIC EDUCATION. A. GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL AND SUPERVISION OF PUBLIC EDUCATION. (a) General. See Appendix A. State constitutional provisions relating to public education. A (b1). State Boards. Alabama: See E (b), General certificates; G (b), State normal schools; K (c), Uniformity of textbooks; N (a), High schools; O (b), Agricultural schools. Arizona: State board of education shall consist of governor, State superintendent, president of the university, principals of State normal schools, ex officio, and a city superintendent of schools, a principal of a high school, and a county superintendent to be appointed by the governor. Board shall meet at the call of the secretary (State superintendent) at least once in each quarter at State capitol. Powers and duties: To keep a record of its proceedings; adopt an official seal; adopt rules and regulations for government of public schools; devise plans for the increase and management of the State school fund; prescribe and enforce a uniform series of textbooks, series not to be changed during a period of five years; prescribe course of study for common schools, fix qualifications for graduation from high schools, and prescribe entrance requirements for State normal schools and State university; have general charge of education of deaf, dumb, and blind; issue teachers' life certificates; revoke all certificates for cause; maintain State headquarters at National Education Association. See also A (b2), State officers; A (d) District boards and officers; E (b) General certificates; K (b), Free textbooks; L (i), Manual and industrial education; N (a), High schools; T (b), Schools for the deaf. Arkansas: A State board of education to be composed of the State superintendent and one member from each congressional district (seven districts) is created. Members from congressional districts shall be appointed by the governor; term, seven years, one being appointed each year. Appointed members shall serve without compensation, but shall receive actual expenses when attending meetings. Board shall have the management and investment of the State common-school fund; it shall at its annual meeting settle with the State treasurer all accounts of the common-school fund and shall ratify the apportionment of school funds by the State superintendent. Board may grant charters to institutions of learning and may revoke the same for failure to |