the State where the purposes of such grant are not specified, and the 500,000 acres of land, to which the State is entitled by the provisions of an act of Congress entitled 'An act to appropriate the proceeds of the sales of the public lands, and to grant preemption rights," approved the 4th day of September, 1841; and also the 5 per centum of the net proceeds of the public lands to which the State shall become entitled on her admission into the Union (if Congress shall consent to such appropriation of the two grants last mentioned) shall be set apart as a separate fund, to be called "the school fund," the interest of which and all other revenues derived from the school lands, shall be exclusively applied to the following objects, to wit:

First. To the support and maintenance of common schools, in each school district, and the purchase of suitable libraries and apparatus therefor. Second. The residue shall be appropriated to the support and maintenance of academies and normal schools, and suitable libraries and apparatus therefor. SEC. 3. The legislature shall provide by law for the establishment of district schools, which shall be as nearly uniform as practicable; and such schools shall be free and without charge for tuition to all children between the ages of 4 and 20 years; and no sectarian instruction shall be allowed therein.

SEC. 4. Each town and city shall be required to raise, by tax, annually, for the support of common schools therein, a sum not less than one-half the amount received by such town or city respectively for school purposes from the income of the school fund,

SEC. 5. Provision shall be made by law for the distribution of the income of the school fund among the several towns and cities of the State for the support of common schools therein in some just proportion to the number of children and youth resident therein between the ages of 4 and 20 years, and no appropriation shall be made from the school fund to any city or town for the year in which said city or town shall fail to raise such tax; nor to any school district for the year in which a school shall not be maintained at least three months.

SEC. 6. Provision shall be made by law for the establishment of a State university at or near the seat of State government, and for connecting with the same, from time to time, such colleges in different parts of the State as the interests of education may require. The proceeds of all lands that have been or may hereafter be granted by the United States to the State for the support of a university shall be and remain a perpetual fund, to be called "the university fund," the interest of which shall be appropriated to the support of the State university, and no sectarian instruction shall be allowed in such university.

SEC. 7. The secretary of state, treasurer, and attorney general shall constitute a board of commissioners for the sale of the school and university lands and for the investment of the funds arising therefrom. Any two of said commissioners shall be a quorum for the transaction of all business pertaining to the duties of their office.

SEC. 8. Provision shall be made by law for the sale of all school and university lands after they shall have been appraised; and when any portion of such lands shall be sold and the purchase money shall not be paid at the time of sale the commissioners shall take security by mortgage upon the land sold for the sum remaining unpaid, with 7 per cent interest thereon, payable annually at the office of the treasurer. The commissioners shall be authorized to execute a good and sufficient conveyance to all purchasers of such lands and to discharge any mortgage taken as security when the sum thereon shall have been paid. The commissioners shall have power to withhold from sale any portion of such lands when they shall deem it expedient, and shall invest all moneys arising from the sale of such lands, as well as all other university and school funds, in such manner as the legislature shall provide, and shall give such security for the faithful performance of their duties as may be required by law.

ART. XI, SEC. 3. *** No country, city, town, village, school district, or other municipal corporation shall be allowed to become indebted in any manner or for any purpose to any amount, including existing indebtedness, in the aggregate exceeding 5 per centum on the value of the taxable property therein, to be ascertained by the last assessment for State and county taxes, previous to the incurring of such indebtedness. Any county, city, town, village, school district, or other municipal corporation incurring any indebtedness as aforesaid shall, before or at the time of doing so, provide for the collection of a direct annual tax sufficient to pay the interest on said debt as it falls due, and also to pay and discharge the principal thereof within 20 years from the time of contracting the

same.

WYOMING.

ART. I, SEC. 19. No money of the State shall ever be given or appropriated to any sectarian or religious society or institution.

SEC. 23. The right of citizens to opportunities for education should have practical recognition. The legislature shall suitably encourage means and agencies calculated to advance the sciences and liberal arts.

*

ART. III, SEC. 27. The legislature shall not pass local or special laws in any of the following enumerated cases, that is to say: For * providing for the management of common schools; * creating offices or prescribing the powers or duties of officers in counties, cities, townships, or school districts;

SEC. 34. The general appropriation bills shall embrace nothing but appropriations for the ordinary expenses of the legislative, executive, and judicial departments of the State, interest on the public debt and for public schools.

SEC. 36. No appropriation shall be made for charitable, industrial, educational, or benevolent purposes to any person, corporation, or community not under the absolute control of the State, nor to any denominational or sectarian institution or association.

ART. IV, SEC. 11. There shall be chosen by the qualified electors of the State at the times and places of choosing members of the legislature, a secretary of state, auditor, treasurer, and superintendent of public instruction, who shall have attained the age of 25 years respectively, shall be citizens of the United States, and shall have the qualifications of State electors. They shall severally hold their offices at the seat of government, for the term of four years and until their successors are elected and duly qualified.

*

SEC. 12. The powers and duties of the secretary of state, of State auditor, treasurer, and superintendent of public instruction shall be as prescribed by law.

SEC. 13. Until otherwise provided by law, *

the secretary of state,

State auditor, State treasurer, and superintendent of public instruction shall each receive an annual salary of $2,000, and the salaries of any of the said officers shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which they were elected.

*

* *

ART. VII, SEC. 1. The legislature shall provide for the establishment and maintenance of a complete aud uniform system of public instruction, embracing free elementary schools of every needed kind and grade, a university with such technical and professional departments as the public good may require and the means of the State allow, and such other institutions as may be necessary.

SEC. 2. The following are declared to be perpetual funds for school purposes, of which the annual income only can be appropriated, to wit: Such per centum as has been or may hereafter be granted by Congress on the sale of lands in this State; all moneys arising from the sale or lease of sections Nos. 16 and 36 in each township in the State, and the lands selected or that may be selected in lieu thereof; the proceeds of all lands that have been or may hereafter be granted to this State, where by the terms and conditions of the grant the same are not to be otherwise appropriated; the net proceeds of lands and other property and effects that may come to the State by escheat or forfeiture, or from unclaimed dividends or distributive shares of the estates of deceased persons; all moneys, stocks, bonds, lands, and other property now belonging to the common-school fund.

SEC. 3. To the sources of revenue above mentioned shall be added all other grants, gifts, and devises that have been or may hereafter be made to this State and not otherwise appropriated by the terms of the grant, gift, or devise. SEC. 4. All moneys, stocks, bonds, lands, and other property belonging to a county school fund, except such moneys and property as may be provided by law for current use in aid of public schools, shall belong to and be securely invested and sacredly preserved in the several counties as a county publicschool fund, the income of which shall be appropriated exclusively to the use and support of free public schools in the several counties of the State.

SEC. 5. All fines and penalties under general laws of the State shall belong to the public-school fund of the respective counties and be paid over to the custodians of such funds for the current support of the public schools therein. SEC. 6. All funds belonging to the State for public school purposes, the interest and income of which only are to be used, shall be deemed trust funds

in the care of the State, which shall keep them for the exclusive benefit of the public schools, and shall make good any losses that may in any manner occur, so that the same shall remain forever inviolate and undiminished. None of such funds shall ever be invested or loaned except on the bonds issued by school districts, or registered county bonds of the State, or State securities of this State, or of the United States.

SEC. 7. The income arising from the funds mentioned in the preceding section, together with all the rents of the unsold school lands and such other means as the legislature may provide, shall be exclusively applied to the support of free schools in every county in the State.

SEC. 8. Provision shall be made by general law for the equitable distribution of such income among the several counties according to the number of children of school age in each; which several counties shall in like manner distribute the proportion of said fund by them received respectively to the several school districts embraced therein. But no appropriation shall be made from said fund to any district for the year in which a school has not been maintained for at least three months; nor shall any portion of any public-school funds ever be used to support or assist any private school, or any school, academy, seminary, college, or other institution of learning controlled by any church or sectarian organization or religious denomination whatsoever.

SEC. 9. The legislature shall make such further provision, by taxation or otherwise, as with the income arising from the general school fund will create and maintain a thorough and efficient system of public schools, adequate to the proper instruction of all the youth of the State, between the ages of 6 and 21 years, free of charge; and in view of such provision so made, the legislature shall require that every child of sufficient physical and mental ability shall attend a public school during the period between 6 and 18 years for a time equivalent to three years, unless educated by other means.

SEC. 10. In none of the public schools so established and maintained shall distinction or discrimination be made on account of sex, race, or color. SEC. 11. Neither the legislature nor the superintendent of public instruction shall have power to prescribe textbooks to be used in the public schools. SEC. 12. No sectarian instruction, qualifications, or tests shall be imparted, exacted, applied, or in any manner tolerated in the schools of any grade or character controlled by the State, nor shall attendance be required at any religious service therein, nor shall any sectarian tenets or doctrines be taught or favored in any public school or institution that may be established under this constitution.

SEC. 13. The governor, secretary of state, State treasurer, and superintendent of public instruction shall constitute the board of land commissioners, which, under direction of the legislature, as limited by this constitution, shall have the direction, control, leasing, and disposal of the lands of the State granted, or which may be hereafter granted for the support and benefit of public schools, subject to the further limitations that the sale of all lands shall be at public auction, after such delay (not less than the time fixed by Congress), in portions at proper intervals of time, and at such minimum prices (not less than the minimum fixed by Congress), as to realize the largest possible proceeds.

SEC. 14. The general supervision of the public schools shall be intrusted to the State superintendent of public instruction, whose powers and duties shall be prescribed by law.

SEC. 15. The establishment of the University of Wyoming is hereby confirmed, and said institution, with its several departments, is hereby declared to be the University of the State of Wyoming. All lands which have been heretofore granted or which may be granted hereafter by Congress unto the university as such. or in aid of the instruction to be given in any of its departments, with all other grants, donations, or devises for said university, or for any of its departments, shall vest in said university, and be exclusively used for the purposes for which they were granted, donated, or devised. The said lands may be leased on terms approved by the land commissioners, but may not be sold on terms not approved by Congress.

SEC. 16. The university shall be equally open to students of both sexes, irrespective of race or color; and, in order that the instuction funished may be as nearly free as possible, any amount in addition to the income from its grants of lands and other sources above mentioned, necessary to its support and maintenance in a condition of full efficiency shall be raised by taxation or otherwise, under provisions of the legislature.

SEC. 17. The legislature shall provide by law for the management of the university, its lands and other property by a board of trustees, consisting of not less than seven members, to be appointed by the governor by and with the advice and consent of the senate, and the president of the university, and superintendent of public instruction, as members ex officio, as such having the right to speak but not to vote. The duties and powers of the trustees shall be prescribed by law.

SEC. 18. Such charitable, reformatory, and penal institutions as the claims of humanity and the public good may require shall be established and supported by the State in such manner as the legislature may prescribe. They shall be under the general supervision of a State board of charities and reform, whose duties and powers shall be prescribed by law.

SEC. 23. The legislature shall have no power to change or to locate the seat of government, the State university, insane asylum, or State penitentiary, but may, after the expiration of 10 years after the adoption of this constitution, provide by law for submitting the question of the permanent location thereof, respectively, to the qualified electors of the State, at some general election, and a majority of all votes upon said question cast at said election shall be necessary to determine the location thereof.

* * *

ART. IX, SEC. 3. No boy under the age of 14 years and no woman or girl of any age shall be employed or permitted to be in or about any coal, iron, or other dangerous mines for the purpose of employment therein: Provided, however, This provision shall not affect the employment of a boy or female of suitable age in an office or in the performance of clerical work at such mine or colliery. ART. XIV, SEC. 1. All State, and school officers, * shall be paid fixed and definite salaries. The legislature shall, from time to time, fix the amount of such salaries as are not already fixed by this constitution, which shall in all cases be in proportion to the value of the services rendered and the duty performed. SEC. 2. * State, county, city, town, and school officers shall be required to keep a true and correct account of all fees collected by them, and to pay the same into the proper treasury when collected, and the officer whose duty it is to collect such fees shall be held responsible, under his bond, for neglect to collect the same. * ** *

* *

SEC. 3. The salaries of county officers shall be fixed by law within the following limits, to wit: In counties having an assessed valuation not exceeding two millions of dollars, * the county superintendent shall not be paid

more than $500 per year.

串 In counties having an assessed valu

ation of more than two millions of dollars and not exceeding five millions of dollars,

* * the county superintendent of schools shall not be paid more

than $750 per year. * assessed valuation,

*

* In counties having more than $5,000,000

*

* * the county superintendent of schools shall not be paid more than $1,000 per year. ART. XV, SEC. 4. For State revenue there shall be levied annually a tax not to exceed 4 mills on the dollar of the assessed valuation of the property in the State except for the support of State educational and charitable institutions, the payment of the State debt, and the interest thereon.

SEC. 5. For county revenue there shall be levied annually a tax not to exceed 12 mills on the dollar for all purposes, including general school tax, exclusive of State revenue, except for the payment of its public debt and the interest thereon. An additional tax of $2 for each person between the ages of 21 years and 50 years, inclusive, shall be annually levied for county school purposes.

SEC. 6. No incorporated city or town shall levy a tax to exceed 8 mills on the dollar in any one year, except for the payment of its public debt and the interest thereon.

SEC. 7. All moneys belonging to the State, or to any county, city, town, village, or other subdivision therein, except as herein otherwise provided, shall, whenever practicable, be deposited in a national bank or banks, or in a bank or banks incorporated under the laws of this State: Provided, That the bank or banks in which such money is deposited shall furnish security to be approved as provided by law, and shall also pay a reasonable rate of interest thereon. Such interest shall accrue to the fund from which it is derived.

SEC. 8. The making of profit, directly or indirectly, out of State, county, city, town, or school-district money or other public fund, or using the same for any purpose not authorized by law, by any public officer, shall be deemed a felony, and shall be punished as provided by law.

SEC. 12. The property of empt from taxation.

*

school districts,

* shall be ex

ART. XVI, SEC. 6. Neither the State nor any county, city, township, town, school district, or any other political subdivision, shall loan or give its credit or make donations to or in aid of any individual, association, or corporation, except for the necessary support of the poor, nor subscribe to or become the owner of the capital stock of any association or corporation.

*

* *

ART. XVIII, SEC. 1. The State of Wyoming hereby agrees to accept the grants of lands heretofore made, or that may be hereafter made by the United States to the State, for educational purposes, for public buildings and institutions and for other objects, and donations of money with the conditions and limitations that may be imposed by the act or acts of Congress, making such grants or donations. Such lands shall be disposed of only at public auction to the highest responsible bidder, after having been duly appraised by the land commissioners at not less than three-fourths of the appraised value thereof, and for not less than $10 per acre.

*

SEC. 3. The governor, superintendent of public instruction, and secretary of state shall constitute a board of land commissioners who, under such regulations as may be provided by law, shall have the direction, control, disposition, and care of all lands that have been heretofore or may hereafter be granted to the State.